Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Correct answer is 10.7%

Correct option is (a) 2.9%

To trap more rodents it becomes necessary to prebait the rodents. For this purpose place bait in each cage consisting of 10 to 15 gram pearl millet, sorghum or cracked wheat, which contains two per cent of powdered sugar and two ppr cent of groundnut or sunflower oil, for 2-3 days.

In Punjab there are 8 species of rats and mice. Indian gerbil, Indian bush rat, Indian mole rat, soft furred field rat, short tailed mole rat, house mouse, brown spiny mouse, field mouse. The Indian mole rat can damage sugarcane and rice-wheat at the time of germinating. Indian mole rat is found mostly in bet area whereas Indian gerbil and Indian bush rat are found in Kandi region (district Hoshiarpur)

• Sow Dhaincha and Bajra near the costly crops to save the crops from birds. Birds like to eat bajra and dhaincha. Birds prefer these crops as their feed and main crop is saved.
• Do not sow crops like sunflower near the places where birds usually visit e.g. near the electricity wires and near the dense trees.
• To save maize and sunflower from Parrots, sow these crops at least in two-three acres of area. Parrots do not go inside the crop and does not harm the crop to large extent.

Useful birds include insectivorous and rodentivorous birds. They feed insects to their young ones. Predatory birds; like, owl, eagle, falcons etc. eat rats and mice. An owl can eat 4-5 rats a day. These birds help the farmers by killing insects and rodents. We should not kill such useful birds.

Rats are the prey for owls, hawks, falcon, eagles etc. Birds like drongos, blue joy, cattle egret, lapwings etc. are insects eating birds. These eat many of the harmful insects from the fields.

Following mechanical methods are used:

• Killing rats-After harvesting, at the time of Rauni rats come out from the flooded burrows which are killed by sticks.
• Using cage/traps-See above questions.
• Using bait-See above questions.

1. 2% zinc phosphide bait:

Take 1 kg of bajra or sorghum or cracked wheat with 20 gram of vegetable oil (sunflower or groundnut oil), and 25 gram of zinc phosphide. Mix all these materials thoroughly. Always prepare fresh bait and never add water to this bait.

2. 0.005% Bromadiolone bait:

Take 20 gram of vegetable oil, (sunflower or groundnut oil), 20 gram powdered sugar and 20 gram bromadiolone powder and 1 kg of cracked wheat or any other cereal flour. Mix this material properly, bait is ready for use.

Take a small pitcher, draw human face on it using colour. This pitcher is made to hang on the sticks fixed vertically in the fields. Put on human clothes on this structure. This is known as scarecrow. Birds consider this structure as human being and do not come to the field.

• We should plant conventional trees like, Banyan, Peepal, Kikkar, Tahli, Toot etc. around our living area.
• We should provide place for nests by placing wooden or earthen pots wherever possible.

The interaction between them can be referred to as commensalism. Egrets always forage close to where the cattle are grazing because the cattle, as they move stir up and flush out insects from the vegetation which otherwise might be difficult for the egrets to find and catch.

Correct option is (C) Overhead cost

Textual Presentation is a method wherein the information are presented in a form of text rather than images or graphs.

Advantages of textual presentation

The following are some of the advantages of using textual presentation.

• It provides ample amount of information and details.
• Includes short but concise descriptions and explanation.
• Effective for small data.
• Provides the presenter an opportunity to explain things properly.

Disadvantages of textual presentation of data are:

• This method of presentation is ineffective when the quantity of data is too large.
• If the data is not presented with proper facts and figures, it may lead to wrong analysis.

Correct option is (D) All of these

Students can refer to these Reaching the Age of Adolescence MCQ Questions for Class 8 with Answers and assess their preparation level. These MCQ Questions with answers pave for a fast revision of the Chapter thereby helping you to reinforce subject knowledge. MCQ Questions for class 8 Science with Answers are prepared as per the newest Exam Pattern. Students can solve Class 8 MCQ Questions and assess their preparation level.

Students can practice the Class 8 Science MCQ Questions of Reaching the Age of Adolescence with Answers is available here. Revise all the concepts easily by taking help from the MCQ Questions for Class 8 Science with Answers are prepared based on the latest exam pattern and syllabus. MCQ Questions are often of maximum help as you’ll remember all the concepts. Let us look at the Class 8 MCQ Question of Reaching the Age of Adolescence with answers.

Practice Class 8 Science MCQ Questions chapter-wise

1. Adolescence is the period of

(a) 5 to 10 years
(b) 13 to 19 years
(c) 22 to 28 years
(d) 30 to 40 years

2. When a sperm having X-chromosome fuses with the ovum, the child born will be

(a) male
(b) female
(c) male as well as female twin
(d) it depends on the chance of fusion

3. How many pairs of Chromosomes are found in nuclei of their cells?

(a) 22 pairs
(b) 23 pairs
(c) 24 pairs
(d) 25 pairs

4. Children gain height during

(a) adolescence
(b) endocrine
(c) balanced food
(d) menarche

5. Testes secrete

(a) thyroxin
(b) estrogen
(c) testosterone
(d) iodine

6. Adam’s apple is

(a) enlarged larynx
(b) mammary glands
(c) apple of adam
(d) red-apple

7. The chemical substances which are secreted from endocrine glands are called

(a) puberty
(b) hormones
(c) estrogen
(d) adolescence

8. Out of these which one determines the sex of the baby?

(a) Hormones
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Chromosomes
(d) Pituitary gland

9. What is the stoppage of menstruation called?

(a) Menarche
(b) Menopause
(c) Gametes
(d) Insulin

10. Which hormone is secreted by adrenal glands?

(a) Adrenalin
(b) Insulin
(c) Testosterone
(d) Estrogen

11. Reproduction age in women starts when their

(a) menstruation starts
(b) breasts start developing
(c) body weight increases
(d) height increases

12. Which is male gonads?

(a) Hair
(b) Chest
(c) Moustache
(d) Testis

13. In males, the sex chromosome consists

(a) one X and one Y
(b) both X and X
(c) both Y and Y
(d) one M and one X

14. Production of thyroxin requires

(a) sodium
(b) magnesium
(c) iodine
(d) bromine

15. The human body undergoes several changes during adolescence. These changes mark the onset of

(a) Puberty
(b) Prematurity
(c) Post adolescence
(d) aging

16. Larynx is also called

(a) Voicebox
(b) Soundbox
(c) Black box
(d) Both A and B 

17. Acne and pimples on the face are due to the secretion of

(a) bile from liver
(b) Oil glands during puberty
(c) Enzymes in the digestive tract
(d) Tear from tear glands

18. Testosterone is a hormone found in humans ___

(a) Children
(b) males and females
(c) Females only
(d) Males only

19.  Statement 1: Sweat glands, salivary glands, and oil glands do not release their secretions directly into the blood. 

Statement 2: These glands do not have ducts.

(a) Both the statements are correct.
(b) Both the statements are correct.
(c) Both the statements are incorrect.
(d) Only statement 1 is correct.

20. The information given below refers to which of the following hormone- (i) Glands secreting the hormone are located on top of the kidneys. (ii) Converts glycogen into glucose. (iii) Increases blood pressure.

(a) Testosterone
(b) Insulin
(c) Adrenaline
(d) Progesterone

21. Which of the following viruses causes AIDS?

(a) H1N1 virus
(b) Zika virus
(c) HIV
(d) Rhinovirus

22. Which of the following is the change seen in girls during puberty?

(a) Broader shoulders
(b) Cracking of voice
(c) Breast development
(d) Growth of facial hair

23. The pituitary gland is located below the ______.

(a) Thalamus
(b) medulla oblongata
(c) vas deferens
(d) hypothalamus

24. Which of the following can spread AIDS?

(a) Eating food with an infected person
(b) Hugging an infected person
(c) Transfusion of infected blood
(d) Mosquito bites

25. Deficiency of iodine in our diet leads to a condition called:

(a) Diabetes insipidus
(b) Goitre
(c) Gigantism
(d)  Infertility

Answer:

1. Answer: (b) 13 to 19 years

Explanation: Adolescence is the transition period from childhood to adulthood. The adolescent age group is from 13 to 19 years. Thus, a person belonging to this age group or teens is said to be a teenager or an adolescent.

2. Answer: (b) female

Explanation: The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called fertilization. During fertilization, a sperm comes in contact with the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and induces changes in the membrane which blocks the entry of additional sperms. This also induces the formation of the haploid secondary oocyte, by meiotic division, which fuses with sperm to form a zygote. At this stage the sex of the baby is determined. Males have XY chromosomes so sperms who have haploid no. of chromosomes carry either X or Y. While females have XX chromosomes, so all ovum will carry the X chromosome. So when a sperm containing an X chromosome fertilizes an ovum, a zygote with XX chromosomes is formed. Thus a female child is born.

3. Answer: (b) 23 pairs

Explanation: A chromosome is an organized package of DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 pairs of numbered chromosomes, called autosomes, and one pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y.

4. Answer: (a) adolescence

Explanation: As we know children gain height during adolescence. It is also known as 'teenagers'. Changes occur in this period.

5. Answer: (c) testosterone

Explanation: The main hormone secreted by the testes is testosterone, an androgenic hormone. Testosterone is secreted by cells that lie between the seminiferous tubules, known as the Leydig cells.

6. Answer: (a) enlarged larynx

Explanation: When the larynx grows larger during puberty, it sticks out at the front of the throat. This is what's called Adam's apple. Everyone's larynx grows during puberty, but a girl's larynx doesn't grow as much as a boy does. That's why boys have Adam's apples.

7. Answer: (b) hormones

Explanation: Endocrine glands, situated at various sites around the body, and in specialized areas of the brain. The cells in these glands secrete specific chemicals called hormones. Hormones circulate around the body via the bloodstream and modulate cellular or organ functions by binding with receptors in the target cells.

8. Answer: (c) Chromosomes

Explanation: The father is responsible for determining the sex of the child. The mother has two X chromosomes and donates one X chromosome in the gamete. The father has X and Y chromosomes and so the gamete can contain X or Y. The male gamete which fuses with the egg is responsible for the sex of the baby.

9. Answer: (b) Menopause

Explanation: Menarche is the first menstrual cycle in female humans. Menopause is the end of the menstrual cycle.

10. Answer: (a) Adrenalin

Explanation: The main hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which have similar functions.

11. Answer: (a) menstruation starts

Explanation: In females, the reproductive phase of life begins at puberty (10 to 12 years of age) and generally lasts till the age of approximately 45 to 50 years.

12. Answer: (d) Testis

Explanation: In males, they are the testes, or testicles, the male sex glands that are part of the male reproductive system. They are located behind the penis in a pouch of skin called the scrotum. The female gonads, the ovaries, are a pair of reproductive glands.

13. Answer: (a) one X and one Y

Explanation: biologically male individuals have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) while those who are biologically female have two X chromosomes. However, there are exceptions to this rule. The sex chromosomes determine the sex of offspring.

14. Answer: (c) iodine

Explanation: Micronutrients, mostly iodine, and selenium are required for thyroid hormone synthesis and function. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones and its deficiency is considered as the most common cause of preventable brain damage in the world.

15. Answer: (a) Puberty

Explanation: Adolscence is period between childhood and adulthood when the body of the child undergoes certain changes to prepare the body to be able to reproduce. The start of these changes that lead to reproductive maturity are known as puberty.

16. Answer: (d) Both A and B

Explanation: In males, the larynx increases in size during the adolescence period because of changes due to puberty. It is also called 'Adam's apple'. From the pharynx, air enters the larynx through an opening called the glottis. Along the sides of the glottis are two folds of elastic tissue called vocal cords. These are responsible for producing sound. Hence larynx is also called the voice box or the soundbox. 

17. Answer: (b) Oil glands during puberty

Explanation: Acne and pimple are manifestations on the skin due to clogging of the overactive oil glands (sebaceous glands) on the face. It is a sign of adolescence.
The correct answer is 'oil glands during puberty.

18. Answer: (d) Males only

Explanation: Testosterone is a hormone found in humans, as well as in other animals. In men, the testicles primarily make testosterone

19. Answer: (d) Only statement 1 is correct.

Explanation: Endocrine glands release their secretions directly into the blood as they are ductless glands, whereas the exocrine glands like salivary glands have ducts and do not release their secretion into the blood directly.

20. Answer: (c) Adrenaline

Explanation: Adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal glands which are located on top of the kidneys. This hormone prepares the body to fight or run away during an emergency situation. Its effects involve an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, blood glucose level, etc.

21. Answer: (c) HIV

Explanation: AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus. HIV passes from an infected person to a normal person through sexual contact, sharing syringes, breastfeeding, etc.

22. Answer: (c) Breast development

Explanation: One of the major changes in girls during puberty is breast development. Also, in girls, the region below the waist becomes wider during puberty while in boys the chest becomes wider and shoulders become broad.

23. Answer: (d) hypothalamus

Explanation: The pituitary gland is a pea-sized gland located just below the hypothalamus which is connected to the pituitary via a bundle of nerve fibers. It is known as the master gland of the endocrine system as it produces all the critical hormones which regulates the secretions of all other endocrine glands.

24. Answer: (c) Transfusion of infected blood

Explanation: AIDS is caused by the HIV virus. It can spread through various means like

(i) Sexual contact with an infected person. 

(ii) Transfusion of contaminated blood.

(iii) From a pregnant mother to her child during birth or breastfeeding. 

It does not spread by: 

(i) Touching, kissing and socializing with the infected person. 

(ii) Eating meals with an infected person

(iii) Mosquito bites

25. Answer: (b) Goitre

Explanation: Iodine is essential for the production of thyroxine. In an attempt to produce more thyroxine, the gland enlarges. This condition is called goiter.

 Click here Practice MCQ Question for Reaching the Age of Adolescence Class 8

(a) Key-board

Co-evolution can be observed in Fig (plant) and wasp (animal). The female wasp uses the fruit for oviposition or egg laying. It also uses developing seeds within the fruit for nourishing its larvae. The wasp in turn pollinates the fig inflorescence. The given Fig species can be pollinated by its ‘partner’ wasp species and no other species.

Correct answer is (c) To storage

(c) Central processing unit

(d) All of these

सही विकल्प है (c) 1990 में।

ग्राहकों से प्राप्त आदेशों की पूर्ति  में कठिनाई बनी रहती है।

(a) कार्ड अनुक्रमणिकां में 

Oliver Goldsmith is one of the best known writers of English literature of the 18th century. He has written a number of poems and novels. Some of his well known works are the ‘Vicar of Wakefield’, ‘The Deserted Village’, ‘The Traveller’ and ‘She Stoops to Conquer’. Though Goldsmith was trained to be a doctor, he never practiced.

‘The Village School Master’ is an extract from Goldsmith’s famous long poem ‘The Deserted Village’ in which he describes the decline of a village in Ireland in the nineteenth century. The extract describing the school master is said to have been inspired by one Thomas Byrne, an ex-soldier, who taught Goldsmith when he was a boy.

The village school master ran his little school in a small village. It was situated next to the irregular fence that fringed the village path with full blossomed, beautiful but ornamental furze.’ He was a very strict disciplinarian. He was familiar to the poet and all other truants because they had endured the master’s rage. His face was a thing of careful scrutiny. The students were afraid of him and would gaze at his face to sense his present frame of mind. The day’s misfortunes were written on his forehead or in between the eyebrows.

The school master was a contradiction. Although he was stern, he was kind-hearted and good-humoured. He had a store of jokes. When he told them, the children burst out in fake laughter, under the pretext that the jokes were awfully hilarious. If the children observed a frown on his forehead, they circulated the gloomy news throughout the classroom in an undertone. But he was in essence a kind man. If at all he had any fault, it was his intense love for learning. He wanted his pupils to become genuine scholars and hence, he had to be demanding with them.

The villagers were unanimous in their opinion that he really was an erudite man. He, without doubt, could write and also work out sums in arithmetic. He could also survey land, forecast weather and tides. Besides, he was able to measure the content of a vessel. He was master at argument, too. Even the parson approved of his skill in debate. Even if defeated, the school master would keep on arguing.

He would become more fervent and would fling booming words at his adversary. The uncomprehending villagers would be convinced that the school master was establishing his standpoint very thoroughly. They stood round the two debaters and witnessed the verbal duel. They were awestruck when they heard the high-sounding and incomprehensible words used by the school master. They stared at him and wondered how his small head could hold such an enormous hoard of knowledge.

Griffin had shifted to Chesilstowe from London with a sense of great enthusiasm. He looked forward to great time teaching students as well as carrying out his research in this quiet place. However, soon it was revealed that neither his teaching would be gratifying nor his research would be smooth-sailing. The prying nature and meanness of his professor compelled him to work secretly for the completion of his research. All these factors resulted in great exasperation for Griffin. Obsessed by his ambition to find a formula for invisibility, he committed the deplorable act of a son robbing his own father. Robbing an old man was in itself an abominable crime but this particular act became all the more heinous as the money that was robbed didn’t belong to his father. This robbery, therefore, drove his honest father to commit suicide making Griffin’s crime unpardonable. His father would not have died if griffin had not put him in an embarrassing situation by stealing the money. Thus, his father’s death was caused solely because of Griffin’s rashness and audacity to breath the bond of faith between father and son

All in the village talked about the vastness of his knowledge, how he knew how to write and do difficult calculations in arithmetic, how he knew how to measure lands and warn beforehand the time for settlement of dues, the time of high and low tides, and the story ran that he could measure the contents of liquids in a vessel.

They were all greatly impressed when he argued with someone, and observed how he would not give up even though he was overcome in argument. They gathered round the master in amazement as big and high-sounding words thundered forth from him, and as they gazed, they marvelled V that such a small head could contain all that he knew.

B) with pretended joy

The majority of Indians are young. Thus India has a youthful population. The average age of India is less compared to many other countries. In 1971 persons below 15 were 42%. From this, in 2001, it was reduced to 34%.

The percentage persons between 15 and 60 increased from 53 to 59. People above 60 increased from 5 to 7% during the period 1971-2001.

AGE STRUCTURE: Depending on age, people are divided into children, adults and senior citizens (old people). Children 0-14; Adults 15- 60; Above 60 senior citizens.

In the structure of population, gender ratio has an important place. It shows the gender equilibrium. Gender ratio means how many women are there for 1000 males. Historically gender ratio favoured women. It means there were more women than men. But for almost a century the gender ratio shows there are more men than women.

At the start of the 19^th century, the gender ratio was 972: 1000. It means 972 women for 1000 men. In the 21^st century, the ratio is 933:1000. 

The reduction in the number of women has been going on for the last 4 decades. This is a matter for great concern. In 1961 it was 941: 1000; in 2011, it is 940 : 1000.

There are wide variations in regional age structures. States like Kerala have begun to achieve an age- structure that is similar to the one in developed countries. But in Uttar Pradesh, the picture is quite different. There the ratio of young people is more and that of the old people is less. When we look at India as a whole, the age ratio is in between these two extremes, because India has States like Kerala and also like Uttar Pradesh.

It is very true that the majority of Indians live in villages. According to the 2011 census, 69% of Indians live in villages. Only 31% live in cities and towns. But the urban population is steadily increasing. At the start of the 20^th century, the urban population was 11%. By the beginning of the 2181 century, it went up to 28%. Thus in one century, the urban population increased 214 times. The urban population is increasing because of the modem development plans.

LITERACY RATE IN INDIA

• It empowers people. 
• It helps people to choose their jobs. 
• It helps in the social and cultural prosperity of the society.

Demographers and social scientist point out many reasons for the decrease in the gender ratio, with less women and more men. The most important of them are reasons of health and the attitude of the society towards females.

Women have greater health problems than men because of conception and childbirth. In some cases, women die during delivery. The question whether this is the cause for the inequality in gender ratio has much relevance. In the past deaths during or after delivery were common. But with the progress in medical science, such deaths are reduced to a minimum. Maternal death rate has been seriously reduced because of nutritious food, education, awareness, improved medical facilities and transport and communication. So it would e difficult to support the argument that maternal deaths during delivery are a major cause for the unequal gender ratio. 

The other reason is said to be the behaviour and attitude of the society to women.

In some societies, birth of females is considered a curse and a burden. In such societies, there are many female foeticides and female infanticides. During pregnancy, through scanning, it is determined whether the child is male or female. If the foetus is female, then abortion is done. This is female foeticide. Some times in some superstitious societies female children are killed (female infanticide) even after their births because of certain cultural and religious superstitions. 

This points to a serious social issue.

There are evidence that even now this kind of heinous acts are done in India. Using technology like sonograms (ultra-sound echo) the gender of the child is determined before birth, and if it is proved to be female, abortion is done. In all the hospitals we see notices against the determination of child sex using this technology. But unscrupulous gynaecologists take bribes and let the parents know the sex of the unborn child.

The areas of regions located outside the jurisdiction of any one state and require common governance by the international community are Global Commons i.e. Earth atmosphere. Antarctic Ocean Floor and outer space. 

They are exploited and polluted due to: 

1. Vague scientific evidence, these lack of consensus on common environmental issues. 

2. North-South inequalities and their exploitative activities and competition lack proper management over outer space. 

3. Technological and Industrial development has also affected the earth’s atmosphere and ocean floor.

Taal Kacheri, literally translated means rhythmic instrumental musical session.

Correct option is (d) Department

Correct option is (a) hampers coordination

(c) The environmental degradation caused by human activities has become persuasive and has reached a dangerous level.

Correct option is (c) flow of command from superior to subordinate,

(C) -273.16°C

(a) Correct 

(b) Wrong

(c) Correct 

(d) Wrong

(B) – 89.2°C

Answer is (C) CO₂

Answer is (C) 57.8°C

Compromise and accommodation are the two essential policies to save Planet Earth by the states but the states from North and South have different notions towards environmental issues: 

1. The Northern States (Developed) are concerned with ozone depletion and global warming whereas southern states (Developing) want to address the relationship between economic development and environmental management. 

2. The developed countries of the North want to discuss the environmental issues which stand equally responsible for ecological conservation. 

3. The developing countries of the south feel that much of the ecological degradation in the world is created by developed countries through their industrial projects. 

4. And if developed countries cause more environmental degradation they are supposed to take more responsibility onwards. 

5. The developing counties are under the process of industrialization and they should be exempted from restrictions imposed on developed countries through various conventions like protocol etc. 

6. The special needs of developing coun¬tries must be taken into considerations in the process of development, application, and interpretation of the rules of International Environmental Law. 

All the above-mentioned provisions were accepted in Earth Summit, 1992 while adopting common but differentiated responsibilities.

(B) Celsius Thermometre

Correct option is  C) 12

Correct option is (C) 12

30% of 40 \(=30\times\frac{40}{100}\)

= 12