Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Scattered thorny vegetation like cactus, jujube tree, date palm, etc. is seen in the Sahara desert region.

1. Fernandez, who came to Madurai during the time of Veerappa Nayak, established a primary school.

2. Tha Maratha ruler Sarfoji II collected the old records and kept them in the Saraswathi Mahal Library.

3. He also had a printing press with Devanagari type, which was located at Tanjore.

4. Pradran is an important center of higher education in the country.

5. Sir Thomas Munroe the Governor of Madras Presidency (1820 – 27) was highly responsible for the introduction of Western education in Madras Presidency.

6. The Education Commission of Munroe recommended the creation of two principal schools (Collectorate and Tahsildare Schools) in each district.

7. In 1835 Lord William passed a resolution favouring the introduction of western system of education in India.

8. Wood’s Despatch of 1854 introduced the department of public instruction in Madras Presidency. Grant – in – aid was given to all schools.

9. The Madras University was founded in 1857. It was the first University in Tamil Nadu under the British rule.

10. In 1882 the Local Boards Act was passed. The Board was empowered to open new schools and to get grants from the government.

11. In 1938, all subjects except English were taught in Tamil in Schools.

12. The Annamalai University was founded at Chidambaram in 1929. This was the next step in the development of higher education.

1. The pattern of education in Tamil Nadu was not merely reading and understanding of books but listening to learned persons.

2. The Thirukkural stresses the need for education and warns the dangers of illiteracy.

3. In ancient times, the school was called (Palli) and the teacher was a Kanakkayar.

4. Hiuen Tsang gives a graphic picture about Kanchi Buddhist centre and Kanchi, was considered as the main centre of learning.

5. The Chola period was the most brilliant and creative period in the Tamil literature.

6. Tamil education enjoyed a greater connection with religion and temple. Free education was given to people.

7. The curriculum and syllabi had a theoretical background.

Education Centres flourished in Cholas period :

1. Rajaraja Chaturvedimangalam was the famous seat of a Vedic College (Ermayiram in Former South Arcot District).

2. Tirubuvanai Vedic College (in Pondicherry).

3. Viravajendra Medical School (in Thiruvaduthurai).

Education Development in Pandya’s Kings:

1. The Pandya Kings patronised Sanskrit in an exemplary way.

2. It is revealed in the copper plates.

3. The educational institutions of that period were called as (Ghatigai, Salai and Vidhyasathana).

4. Lands were given to teacher. They were known as Salabhogam

(Eg. Vallabha Perunchalai at Kanyakumari).

5. The famous college during the Pandya regime was Kandhalur Salai.

6. Mutts occupied a significant place in the promotion of education.

Vijayanagar Rule:

1. Learning flourished under the Vijayanagar rule. 

2. Many educational institution were established under their patronage.

Nayak Rule:

1. Thinnappalli Koodam was established during the Nayak Rule.

1. Another positive aspect of industrial growth is the attainment of the goal of self reliance.

2. We have achieved self-reliance in machinery, plant and other equipment.

1. The Portuguese were the first Europeans who started modem system of education in India.

2. Francis Xavier, a Jesuit, started a University at Cochin.

3. The first collage offering degrees on a completion of a course was started in Goa in (1575).

1. The process of industrialization started in India from the mid-19th Century.

2. The beginning of modem industry is associated with the development in mainly plantations like jute, cotton and also steel.

India’s traditional economy was characterized by a blend of agriculture and handicrafts.

The Jataka tales accounts given by Hiuen Tsang and I – Tsing (Chinese scholars) and other sources tell us that kings and society took an active interest in promoting education.

(b) SSA – Serva Shiksha Abhiyan

(c) Fernandez – Printing press with Devanagari type

Many monasteries and viharas were set up for monks and nuns to meditate, debate and discuss with the learned for their quest for knowledge during this period.

1. Teachers had complete autonomy in all aspects from selection of students to designing their syllabi.

2. When the teacher was satisfied with the performance of the students, the course concluded.

1. The Wood’s Despatch (1854) is called the ‘Magna Carta’ of English education in India because it was the first declaration of British education policy for educating the masses at all levels.

2. But it resulted in the complete control on state education, divorcing it from Indian ideals and culture.

(d) (i), (iii) and (iv) are Correct

1. False

2. True

3. True

4. False

5. True

6. False

7. True

8. True

1. Sir Thomas Munroe

2. higher education

3. syllabi

4. ‘Kanakkayar’

5. The Chola

6. The Pandya

7. 2000 – 01

8. Dr. Radhakrishnan

9. 14 years

10. Ashram

11. Jataka tales

1. 1964 – 64

2. Gandhigram

3. 1968

4. Mid-day meal

5. Chidambaram

6. 1857

7. The Madras University

8. Madras Presidency

9. Fernandez

10. Sarfoji – II

(b) Wardha Scheme

Taxila was an ancient Indian city, which is now in north – western Pakistait.

(c) Education

Education in Ancient India:

1. The historical Sources provide the information that from very early times, the tradition on teaching and learning had been in vogue in India.

2. The concept of Education might have originated from the Vedas.

3. The literal meaning the Sanskrit word ‘Veda’ is knowledge and the word derived from the word Vid, which means ‘to know’.

Gurukula System in ancient India :

1. In ancient India, both formal and informal education existed. 

2. There were people in homes, villages and temples who guided young children in imbibing pious ways of life.

3. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru / Acharya.

(a) Gurukula

1980 In UNESCO declare Takshashila as world heritage site

The Chola Period :

1. The Chola Period was the most brilliant and creative period in the Tamil Literature.

2. Tamil education enjoyed a greater connection with religion and temple.

3. Free education was given to people.

4. The curriculum and syllabi had a theoretical background.

5. From the inscription of that period, we. can now gain knowledge about the qualification of teacher, method of teaching etc.

The education centres flourished in Chola’s Period: 

1. Rajaraja Chaturvedimangalam Vedic College (Ennayiram in Former South Arcot District).

2. Tirubuvanai Vedic College (in Pondicherry)

3. Viravajendra Medical School (in Tiruvaduthurai).

(a) Madrasas

(d) All of these

Veda is derived from Sanskrit word

(b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835

Veda means knowledge.

The word ‘Veda’ is derived from Sanskrit

(b) ‘To know’

Several Madrasas were set up by the Sultans and nobles.

(b) Mid-day-mea

(a) 1 lakh rupees

(d) Portuguese

The first college offering degrees on a completion of a course was started in Goa

1. The First National Educational Policy of 1968,marked a significant step in the history of education in post independent India.

2. It aimed to promote national progress, culture and to strengthen national integration.

3. In 1986, the Government of India introduced a New Education Policy.

4. The aim of New Education Policy (NEP) was to transfer a static society into a vibrant one with a commitment to development and change. It emphasized an equal opportunities for marginalized – sections of the country and the removal of disparity through scholarships, adult education and open universities, especially for rural India.

5. The New Education Policy called for a child – centered approach in primary education.

6. This policy launched operation of Blackboard to improve primary schools nationwide.

7. The New Education Policy was revised again in 1992.

8. It envisaged the formulation of National Curriculum Framework, emphasis on in – service education,improvement of facilities and streamlining of the evaluation system at the secondary stage.

1. Knowledge

2. Archaeologist Alexander Cunningham

3. Iltutmish

4. 1992

5. SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyanj

6. 1956

1. I – Tsing – Chinese scholar

2. Francis Xavier – University at Kochin

3. Wood’s Despatch – Magnacarta of Indian Education

4. Sarafoji II – Saraswathi Mahal

5. Sir Thomas Munroe – Western Education in Madras

(a) New Education Policy

(a) Charter Act of 1813

(d) i, ii and iii are correct

The UNESCO declared it as a world heritage site in 1980

1. True 

2. True 

3. True 

4. True 

5. False

1986 year the New Education Policy was introduced in India

History of education in British rule can be divided into four periods.

1. From the early days of the British rule upto 1813. 

2. Period from 1813 – 1853

3. Period from 1854 – 1920

4. Period from 1921 – 1947

1. From the early days of the British Rule:

• The Company’s charter was renewed in 1813, which compelled the company to assume responsibility for the education of Indian’s, though on a very limited scale.
• Missionaries, non-missionaries like Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal, Pachyappar of Madras, W. Frazer of Delhi contributed to the cause of education.

2. Period from 1813 – 1853:

• The second period was also marked by great educational controversies concerning the issues of educational policy, medium of instruction and method of spreading education.
• These controversies were partially set at rest by Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835.
• It also encouraging English education for the upper classes.

3. Period from 1854 – 1920:

• The Third phase of British – influenced education may be called the period of an All India Educational Policy.
• It commenced with Sir Charles Wood’s Despatch in 1854.

4. Period from 1921 – 1947 :

• This period may be called provincial autonomy. 
• The Act of 1935 ushered a new era of educational advancement through the country.
• After the Second World War, a very important plan for educational development, known as the Sergeant Report (1944) was prepared.

(b) Radhakrishnan Commission, 1948

(b) Europeans

(d) Raja Jai Singh

1. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru / Acharya.

2. Many of these Gurukulas were named after the sages. Situated in forests, in serve and peaceful surroundings, hundreds of students used to learn together in Gurukulas.

3. This was known as ‘Gurukula System’ of education.