Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

In this poem the poetess uses several figures of speech in order to develop appropriate views and perfect sense and suitable environment to explain proper meaning of the theme of the poem. The poetess uses brilliant metaphor and presents the desires of men cruel cur of the street which always develops the sense of greed. In the same way the poetess calls those greedy sense a cat which always desires to get more and more. The cat and the dog both are perfect use of metaphor. The expectations of men are as greedy as the dog which never feel satisfied and desire more and more.

The poetess uses wonderful personification and presents lord Krishna in living form and she shows her love and regards Giridhar as her husband and devotes herself in the service of her lover and becomes his slave and advises the human being to be worshipper of God. We find perfect combination of simile in the poem and the language is direct and simple and full of illustrations.

इस कविता में कवयित्री अनेक काव्य अलंकार प्रयोग करती है जिससे कि उपयुक्त विचार एवं उचित भाव और पर्यावरण पेश किया जा सके तथा कविता का मूल स्वरूप प्रकट हो सके। कवयित्री बहुत ही अच्छा मेटाफर पेश करती है तथा मानव की इच्छाओं को एक निर्दयी कुत्ता कहती है जो कि हमेशा लालच का भाव पेश करती हैं। इसी तरह कवयित्री लालच को बिल्ली भी कहती है जो अधिकाधिक पाने की इच्छा रखती है। ये दोनों ही मेटाफर के उत्तम उदाहरण हैं।

मानव की अपेक्षाएँ उतनी ही लालची होती हैं जैसे कि कुत्ता जो कभी सन्तुष्ट नहीं होता है तथा हमेशा अधिक की कामना करता है। इसी तरह कवयित्री अद्भुत मानवीकरण पेश करती है तथा भगवान श्रीकृष्ण को जीवन्त स्वरूप में पेश करती है। वह उन्हें अपना प्रेमी कहती है और उन्हें अपना पति प्रस्तुत करती है। वह स्वयं को ईश्वर की दासी के रूप में पेश करती है तथा मानव को भगवान का भक्त बनने की सलाह देती है। हमें कविता में सिमिली अर्थात् उपमा को उचित संयोग देखने को मिलता है। इस कविता की भाषा सीधी है और आसान है व उदाहरणों से भरी हुई है।

According to Mira’s attitude this world is full of pride and ignorance which means the people of this world are involved in the sense of greed, selfishness, anger and cruel desires which make them hostile of God.

मीरा के रवैये के अनुसार यह संसार पूर्ण रूप से घमण्ड व अज्ञानता से भरा हुआ है अर्थात् इस संसार के लोग लालच, स्वार्थ, क्रोध एवं क्रूर भावनाओं से भरे हुए हैं जो कि उन्हें ईश्वर का शत्रु बनाता है।

On behalf of this poem the poetess delivers an important message to human being that there must be perfect faith in God in order to achieve the blessings of our creator. She says that the men should remove all the impurities of their heart and there must be perfect control on their desires. The poetess says that bathing forehead and applying tilak is the external show and it does not make the men pure and perfect.

She says if we like to become the associates of God, we shall have to remove all the expectations of storing materials and deceiving others because we all are equal and our approach is to the same end. She clears that the men must remove their self existence in order to achieve the presence of God in this mortal world. She says that repeating the name of God by lips is not enough. It ought to be inserted in the depth of our heart.

इस कविता के माध्यम से कवयित्री मानव को महत्त्वपूर्ण संदेश प्रदान करती है कि ईश्वर की दुआएँ प्राप्त करने के लिए उसमें पक्का विश्वास होना चाहिए। वह कहती है कि मनुष्य को अपने दिल की सारी अशुद्धियाँ निकाल देनी चाहिए तथा अपनी इच्छाओं पर पूर्ण नियन्त्रण होना चाहिए। कवयित्री कहती है कि स्नान करना व मस्तक पर तिलक़ लगाना बाहरी दिखावा है तथा यह मनुष्य को पवित्र नहीं बनाता है।

वह कहती है कि यदि हम ईश्वर के साथी बनना चाहते हैं तो हमें सारी आशाएँ, संग्रह प्रवृत्ति तथा दूसरों को धोखा देने की प्रवृत्ति त्यागनी होगी क्योंकि हम सब समान हैं तथा हमारा एक ही अन्त है। वह कहती है कि ईश्वर की उपस्थिति को देखने के लिए मनुष्य को अपना अस्तित्व समाप्त करना होगा। वह कहती है कि इस नश्वर संसार में होठों से ईश्वर का नाम लेना पर्याप्त नहीं है। इसे दिल की गहराई तक ले जाना अनिवार्य है।

Mira describes anger as the butcher which kills all the emotions of love and devotion in the heart and mind of the men.

मीरा क्रोध को कसाई बताती है जो कि मानव दिल और दिमाग में उठने वाली प्रेम तथा भक्ति की भावनाओं को मार देता है।

Mira compares greedy senses with a cat because they create emotions of greed and selfishness.

मीरा लालची इन्द्रियों की तुलना बिल्ली से करती है क्योंकि ये लालच और स्वार्थ की भावनाएँ पैदा करती हैं।

Mira uses the expression “the compassionate Lord” for Lord Krishna.

मीरा दयालु ईश्वर” अभिव्यक्ति भगवान श्रीकृष्ण के लिए प्रयोग करती है।

1. SI unit : N m^-2 or pascal (Pa) 

2. Dimensions : [L^-1 M¹ T^-2]

Strain :

1. Strain is defined as the ratio of change in dimensions of the body to its original dimensions.

Strain = change in dimensions/original dimensions

2. Types of strain : 

• Longitudinal strain, 
• Volume strain, 
• Shearing strain.

Correct answer is (c) Somatotropin

Correct answer is (b) Hypothalamus

Correct answer is (a) infundibulum

Correct answer is (d) Addison’s disease

Correct answer is (d) Pars tuberalis

Correct answer is (a) ACTH

Correct answer is (a) hypothalamo-hypophyseal tracts

The ratio of change in diameter (ΔD) to the original diameter (D)" is called the lateral strain.

The product of the physical quantity of y – axis and x – axis may explain another physical quantity. Hence, it is said to be area of the graph.

1. Spring, 

2. Weights, 

3. Scale, 

4. Stand.

Correct option is  D) all

Pressure of atmosphere does not break windows as atmospheric Pressure is exerted on both sides of a window, so no net force is exerted on the window and hence uniform pressure does not break the window. 

Vibration set up in an object produces sound (or) sound is produced when an object is disturbed and starts vibrating.

The distance covered by a point on the wave in unit time is the velocity of the sound wave.

To be able to hear a distinct echo, the reflecting surface should be at a minimum distance of 17.2 m.

Sonography: Sonography technology uses ultrasonic sound waves to generate images of internal organs of the human body. 

Echocardiography: Echocardiography is a test that uses ultrasonic sound waves to produce live images of your heart.

Momentum (p) of a body is defined as the product of its mass (m) and velocity (v). 

Momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v) 

p = mv 

S.I. units of momentum are kg. m /sec (or) N – sec.

• When a stone is dropped in water, the particles of water oscillate up and down. 
• These oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave, such waves are called transverse waves.

• Reflected sound of high intensity called as noise is disturbing and harmful to the ears. 
• When sound reverberates i.e it undergoes multiple reflections, poor quality of sound is produced.

Definition : Gauge pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid relative to the local atmospheric pressure.

Gauge pressure, p_g = p - p₀

where p is the absolute pressure and p₀ is the local atmospheric pressure.

When the pressure inside a closed container or tank is greater than atmospheric pressure, the pressure reading on a pressure gauge is positive. The pressure inside a ‘vacuum chamber’-a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped out-is less than the atmospheric pressure, so a pressure gauge on the chamber designed to measure negative pressure reads a negative value.

At a depth within a liquid of density ρ, the gauge pressure is p_g = p – p₀ = hpg

Examples : Tyre pressure gauge, blood pressure gauge, pressure gauge on an oxygen or scuba tank.

This statement suggests that the lady was very sincere towards her duty. She considered that work is worship. It is true that one who is sincere in service and faithful in doing duties rises high.

यह कथन व्यक्त करता है कि वह स्त्री अपने कर्तव्य के प्रति बहुत निष्ठावान थी। वह मानती थी कि कर्म ही पूजा है। यह सत्य है कि जो अपने कार्य के प्रति निष्ठा तथा कर्तव्य पालने में आस्था रखता है वह ऊँचा उठता है।

The speaker says that her husband was virtuous, but she is a sinner, and he is dead while she is alive. There is irony in this series of contrasts because the farmer, unable to bear the shame, committed suicide without wondering what would be the plight of his wife, left behind to face the creditors.

i. Middle level management

ii. To interpret the policies

A. Addressing them he said that while they were talking he looked around and saw that everyone there won subsistence through advertising.

B. He asked them to drop the confusing element of money from the whole process and the question he had posed must confront them bleakly.

D) she did not see the parasol

The contract was made by the people under the fear of death and insecurity to their life and property.

Hobbes’ ‘Leviathan’ is an imaginary autocratic king.

According to Hobbes, king is autocratic. He can use his enormous power as per his whims and fancies. Hobbes does not provide any right of rebellion to any person or people against the king or the state. And as such, the people are bound to follow king’s order. The order of the king is law, but people have right of self-defense in the state. If, by any order of king or the state, there is a danger to life, then the person can revolt against the state. Because of having provided the recognition to this right of revolt, Hobbes is individualistic, despite being autocratic.

Thomas Hobbes was the supporter of governance Monarchy . 

According to Thomas Hobbes, natural state was extremely painful, wild and strifetorn.

The following are the shortcomings of the social contract theory of Hobbes: 

1. Unilateral explanation of human nature behaviour: 

Hobbes has given a one sided description unilaterally of the human nature. He has presented only the negative side of human behaviour. In fact, a person also has the spirit of charity besides that of selfishness. 

2. A person is a social creature, not lonely: 

Hobbes thinks of a person as a lonely creature, whereas he is, in fact, a social creature. A person wants to be in the society because of his nature as well as necessity. 

3. Natural State an imaginary portrayal: 

It has been proved by research into primitive time of history, that a person cannot survive under the state of permanent war. 

4. Impossible imagination of the contract: 

As per Hobbes’ concept, a person was selfish and quarrelsome in the natural state, if so, then a hope cannot be had from such person for any contract. For any contract, rationality is required, which was not there in men, as per Hobbes.

Main characteristic of Hobbes’s contract theory: 

The following are the main characteristics of Hobbes ‘Contract theory’: 

1. Simultaneous formation of state and society by the contract: 

According to Hobbes, there was only one contract between people. As a result of this agreement, there was simultaneous formation of state and society. Hobbes did not differentiate among-st society, state and government. 

2. Mutual contract by the people: 

Hobbes’ contract was not between king and the people. Instead, it was among the people. 

3. King is not the party to the contract, but a result of it: 

King is not a party to the contract, he is more a result of it. Hence, a conditions of the contract do not apply on the king. The king is autocratic. 

4. Renouncement of all the rights of the people and supremacy of the sovereign: 

The people renounced all their rights in accordance with the contract. Hence, the people were compelled to follow all the orders of the king. His order was the law. He was the supreme administrator. He was above law. 

5. Contract Social as well as political: 

This contract was both social as well as political, therefore origin of the state took place for establishing dynamism in the society. 

6. All the rights of people handed over to the administrator: 

A person dedicates all his rights to the administrator. He retains only the right of self defense. 

7. People do not have right of revolt : 

The order of the administrator is law. And as such, people do not have right to revolt.

Locke gave encouragement to liberal thought.

• The contract is both-social and political, 
• The contract was between the people.

Hobbes has described the natural state as the state prior or the establishment of state and society. Hobbes, in his book, has described negative behaviour and nature of an individual. According to him, a human is an unsocial creature. He is a selfish, arrogant and quarrelsome creature. He always loves power and also tries to get power. According to Hobbes, a person takes recourse to fraud and deceit in order to accomplish his motives.

Lie, deceit and enmity are his main tools. According to Hobbes, a person has some qualities also, but these are not the parts of his natural behaviour. Because of evil tendencies in one’s behaviour, the natural state was the state of continuous war and struggle. In this, every person was in a state of struggle against one another. In this way, in the natural state, human life was lonely, impoverished, difficult, wild and unsafe.

Political awareness means awareness towards gaining the objectives of origin of the state.

Edison succeeded in inventing the electric light after performing a thousand experiments: False.

Edison did not thank the President for the award: True.

• Wrong explanation of human behaviour, 
• Impossible imagination of the contract.

(a) Political awareness

This is because of political awareness.

(c) Rousseau