Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

1. Spam : Distribute unwanted e – mail to a large number of internet users. 

2. Fraud : Manipulating data, for example changing the banking records to transfer money to an unauthorized account.

3. Cyber stalking : Harassing through online.

4. Spoofing : It is a malicious practice in which communication is send from unknown source disguised as a source known to the receiver.

5. Virus : A virus is a small piece of computer code that can repeat itself and spreads from one computer to another by attaching itself to another computer file. One of the most common virus is Trojan.

6. Worms : Worms are self – repeating and do not require a computer program to attach themselves. Worms continually look for vulnerabilities and report back to the author of the worm when weaknesses are discovered.

Public key encryption is also called Asymmetric encryption. It uses the concept of a key value pair, a different key is used for the encryption and decryption process. One of the keys is typically known as the private key and the other is known as the public key. The private key is kept secret by the owner and the public key is either shared amongst authorized recipients or made available to the public at large.

The data encrypted with the recipient’s public key can only be decrypted with the corresponding private key. A digital certificate in a client – server model of communication is one of the example of Asymmetric Encryption. A certificate is a package of information that identifies a user and a server.

It contains information such as an organization’s name, the organization that issued the certificate, the users’ email address and country, and user’s public key. When a server and a client require a secure encrypted communication, they send a query over . the network to the other party, which sends back a copy of the certificate. The other party’s public key can be extracted from the certificate. A certificate can also be used to uniquely identify the holder.

To Control, Analysis the Server, System, protocol, Network, Traffic flow and reports about ups and downs of network parts.

NRCFOSS:

National Resource Centre for Free and Open Source Software an Institution of Government of India. To help in development of FOSS in India.

Cracking is where someone edits a program source so that the code can be exploited or modified. A cracker (also called a black hat or dark side hacker) is a malicious or criminal hacker. “Cracking” meAnswer:trying to get into computer systems in order to steal, corrupt, or illegitimately view data.

There are two types in this Meridian and Horizon.

Meridian:

When we need stability and long term support choose Meridian which is best for Enterprises as well as businesses.

Horizon:

Horizon used where innovation occurs frequently. It is Best for IT-ecosystem, new technologies monitoring.

In Open NMS, data Gathering is by using SNMP and JMX

Lesser General Public License

4 freedoms or conditions are defined by Richard Stallman for free software foundation

Spyware:

Spyware can be installed on the computer automatically when the attachments are open, by clicking on links or by downloading infected software.

Ransomware:

Ransomware is a type of malicious program that demands payment after launching a cyber-attack on a computer system. This type of malware has become increasingly popular among criminals and costs the organizations millions each year.

Cracking is where someone edits a program source so that the code can be exploited or modified. “Cracking” means trying to get into computer systems in order to steal, corrupt, or illegitimately view data.

(a) electronic commerce

OPNET is not a network simulation software

Public is the other name for Asymmetric key encryption

(a) plain text and cipher text are of same size

public-key encryption

cookies tracks a user visiting a website

Crime:

1. Crime Function

2. Cyber stalking

3. Malware

4. Harvesting

5. Identity theft

6. Intellectual property theft

7. Salami slicing

Function:

1. Hacking, threats, and blackmailing towards a business or a person.

2. Harassing through online.

3. Malicious programs that can perform a variety of functions including stealing, encrypting or deleting sensitive data, altering or hijacking core computing functions and monitoring user’s computer activity without their permission.

4. A person or program collects login and password information from a legitimate user to illegally gain access to others’ account(s).

5. It is a crime where the criminals impersonate individuals, usually for financial gain.

6. Stealing practical or conceptual information developed by another person or company.

7. Stealing tiny amounts of money from each transaction.

A computer network security that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing traffic is firewall.

1 arrows are needed for rectangular boxes in flow chart

The symbol used for representing the box to be executed next is ↓

(c) Open source

(c) Trace file

(b) Network simulation

A cookie is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored on the user’s computer memory (Hard drive) by the user’s web browser while the user is browsing internet.

(b) Speed of encryption is Fast

Answer is (d) (i),(ii)

Answer is (b) SSL

PGP is the decentralised encryption program

asymmetric key Encryption

The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a Symmetric key data encryption method. DES is the typical block algorithm that takes a string of bits of cleartext (plaintext) with a fixed length and, through a series of complicated operations, transforms it into another encrypted text of the same length.

cookies is not a malicious program on computer systems

(d) computer ethics

The flow of control is represented in the flowchart by arrow

Control flow statements are compound statements. They are used to alter the control flow of the process depending on the state of the process. 

They are classified as:

1. Sequential

2. Alternative

3. Iterative

Flow chart is a diagrammatic notation for representing algorithms. A flow chart is a collection of boxes containing statements and conditions which are connected by arrows showing the order in which the boxes are to be executed.

(c) sequential

(b) C² = a² + b² 

Commercial programs made available to the public illegally are known as warez

(b) Flow chart

(a) statement

Hacking refers to unauthorized intrusion into a computer or a network. That is to say breaking security to gain access to a website illegally and intercept confidential information.

Man – in – the – middle attack (MITM; also Janus attack) is an attack where the attacker secretly relays and possibly alters the communication between two parties who believe they are directly communicating with each other.

A condition is contained in a diamond shaped box with 2 outgoing arrows.

Answer is (b) worms

1. To collect demographic information about who has visited the Web site.

2. It helps to personalize the user’s experience on the Website.

Digital signature:

1. A digital signature is a mechanism that is used to verify that a particular digital document, message or transaction is authentic.

2. Digital signatures are used to verify the trustworthiness of the data being sent

3. Digital signature is to ensure that a data remain secure from the point it was issued and it was not modified by a third party.

4. It provides authentication, non-repudiation and integrity 

5. A digital signature is created using a Digital Signature Standard (DSS). It uses a SHA- 1 or SHA-2 algorithm for encrypting and decrypting the message.

6. The document is encrypted at the sending end and decrypted at the receiving end using asymmetric keys.

Digital certificate:

1. A digital certificate is a computer file which officially approves the relation between the holder of the certificate and a particular public key.

2. Digital certificates are used to verify the trustworthiness of the sender.

3. Digital certificate binds a digital signature to an entity

4. It provides authentication and security.

5. A digital certificate works on the principles , of public key cryptography standards (PKCS). It creates certificate in the X.509 or PGP format.

6. A digital certificate consist of certificate’s owner name and public key, expiration date, a Certificate Authority ‘s name , a Certificate Authority’s digital signature.

Common digital certificate systems are X.509 and PGR

1. Pretty Good Privacy (PGP):

2. The X.509

Ns2 is an example of network simulator.

(a) (i)-2 (ii)-3 (iii)-4 (iv)-1