Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The poet welcomes the rain because it will cool the atmosphere and wash away all the dust in the surroundings and clean, the air.

Yes, certainly.

The summer is very hot and the houses and the roads are dust-laden. Then comes the rain which looks very beautiful. In the beginning, it makes a loud sound like the footsteps of a running horse over the roofs. The dust, the waste, and the rainwater gushes out the outlet pipe with great struggle.

Water, water everywhere and the house window panes are dripping with water. The roadside gutters are overflowing with a loud noise like a river in floods. Such rain is most welcome during summer season.

The rainwater flows into the gutter. It flows down like a roaring river with a muddy tide.

When there is a heavy downpour.

2) a tin roof

Igneous rocks supply different types of minerals. Granite is used for house-building and idol-making. Basalt is used for road-making. Monuments are made from these hard rocks.

Igneous shell is the shell which is made up by cooling of Magma and Lava. These rocks are of two types: Intrusive/Extrusive.

Sometimes Magma get cold and slowly solidifies inside the earth’s surface, these are called Intrusive Igneous Rocks. While sometimes Magma gets cold and solidifies near the earth’s surface then these rocks are called Extrusive Igneous Rocks.

Sial has more of Silicon and Aluminium, That is why it is called Sial (Si+Al).

Rocks influence different types of landforms. Different types of minerals are found in rocks. Rocks are used for building purposes. Rocks are the basis of soil formation.

Fossils are the remains of dead plants and animals trapped in rocks. They are found in sedimentary type of rocks.

Fossils are remains of vegetation and animals buried under the sediments. The sedimentary rocks are stratified rocks and are found in layers. These fossils are preserved in between these layers. But in Igneous rocks, the fossils are destroyed due to high temperature of lava.

Microbes in Household Products

i. Curd

• Curd is formed by adding a small amount of curd to milk, which acts as a starter.

• Lactobacillus and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present in starter, multiply at suitable temperature and convert milk into curd.

• Acids released by LAB during the growth coagulates and partially digest milk protein, casein.

• Benefits of LAB:

a. Increases vitamin B₁₂ amount thus increasing nutrient quality of milk.

b. Checks disease-causing microbes in stomach.

ii. Dough

• Dough is formed by fermentation by bacteria.

• Bread is made by fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae or commonly called baker’s yeast.

• CO₂ released during the process of fermentation gives the puffy appearance to dough.

• It is used to make foods like idli, dosa, bread, etc.

iii. Toddy

• It is a traditional drink of Southern India.

• It is made by fermentation of sap from palm trees by bacteria.

iv. Cheese

• Cheese is formed by partial degradation of milk by different microorganisms.

• Swiss cheese is formed by the bacterium Propionibacterium sharmanii. Its characteristic feature is formation of large holes due to production of large amount of CO₂.

• Roquefort cheese is formed by ripening with the fungi Penicillium roqueforti for a particular flavour.

Germs pores are present to allow pollen tube to emerge out for pollen germination.

D) Both A and C

D) Magnetic separation

C) Froth floatation

Correct option is: B) Pb

D) Magnetic seperation

B) Froth floatation

D) All of these

Sporopollenin. 

It is most resistant material to high temperature, strong acids on alkali and no enzymes can degrade it.

The large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to the production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.

With ever increasing population of the world, enhancement of food production is a major necessity. Biological principles as applied to animal husbandry and plant breeding have a major role in our efforts to increase food production. Several new techniques like embryo transfer technology and tissue culture techniques are going to play a pivotal role in further enhancing food production.

Embryo transfer technology

The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell/explant is called totipotency. By application of these methods it is possible to achieve propagation of a large number of plants in very short durations. This method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called micro propagation. Each of these plants will be genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown, i.e., they are somaclones. Many important food plants like tomato, banana, apple, etc., have been produced on a commercial scale using this method. Try to visit a tissue culture laboratory with your teacher to better understand and appreciate the process.

Another important application ef the method is the recovery of healthy plants from diseased plants. Although the plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) is free of virus. Hence, one can remove the meristem and grow it in vitro to obtain virus-free plants. Scientists have succeeded in culturing meristems of banana, sugarcane, potato, etc.

Plant breeding is the purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yields and are disease resistant. With advancements in genetics, molecular biology and tissue culture, plant breeding is now increasingly being carried out by using molecular genetic tools.

Correct Answer is: (d) Frogs

Mutation is the process by which genetic variations are created through changes, in the base sequence within genes resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type. It is possible to induce mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations (like gamma radiations), and selecting and using the plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding. This process is called mutation breeding. In mung bean, resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew were induced by mutations.

• For external fertilization, the medium is required for the gamete transfer i.e. water.
• A large number of male gametes have to released in water medium to enhance the chances of syngamy.
• The off springs are extremely vulnerable to predators threatening their survival up to adult hood.

(a)1. External Fertilization:

Syngamy occurs in the external medium water i.e. outside the body of organisms. Eggs and sperms are released outside the female and male parents respectively and move through water before fusion of gametes.

2. Internal Fertilization:

Syngamy occurs inside the body of organisms. Egg is formed inside the female body where they fuse with male gamete that is released by the male parent.

(b) Offsprings formed by external fertilization, are extremely vulnerable to predators threatening their survival up to adulthood.

Pollination carried out by Bees is said to be mellitophily.

The fertilization which involves the union of an egg with the sperm outside the body of the female is called external fertilization. It generally takes place in the medium of water. There is a chance of loss of male gamete during transport in water which leads to failure of external fertilization. Therefore the number of male gametes produced is several thousand times the number of female gametes produced.

The Mother tells her child to carry the snail carefully, out side and leave to feed on daffodils.

The child wants its mother to see the snail.

Mis-sense Mutation: The mutation where the codon for one amino acid is changed into a codon for another amino acid is called Missense or non-synonymous mutations.

Non-sense Mutation: The mutations where codon for one amino acid is changed into a termination or stop codon is called Nonsense mutation.

The speaker addressing her five year old and the readers.

Mother has behaved like others. Snail was harmless so it could be treated kindly but other animals are harmful, so it is not easy to treat them kindly. All people are like this only. Everyone preach good but they do not follow it in action. So mother consoles herself like this and said that she and her child are kind to snails.

The mother has trapped mice, shot wild birds, drowned kittens and betrayed the closest relatives like other people.

The mother says ‘a kind of faith prevails’ because she sees that her child’s gentleness is moulded still by words rather then being guided by gentle actions. Even though the mother acted cruelly by, drawing the child’s kittens, trapping nice and shooting wild birds. The ‘faith’ the mother refers to is that is the belief that character is built by words rather that actions.

Yes, there is lot of difference between the treatment of snail and other animals. Other animals were treated cruelly as. The mother treated the snail very kindly and she advised her child to be kind to the snail.

The speaker is none other than the poetess (mother)

Snail is the creature mentioned in the poem

Some of the line to support that opinion as follows: Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes. Our hells of fire and dust outrage the innocence of air that is everywhere our own. Remember, no men are foreign and no countries strange.

The authors intention to write this poem is universal brotherhood. According to him all men in the universe are the same and equal. So he is asking us to behave that nobody is stranger and no country is foreign because ail are alike. Though we all look differently, we are all having same body. Similarly, the earth where we live and die is same. The Sun, air and water are all same. We should live with peace it brings prosperity. War brings adversity, it means great suffering for long time. All hands are same and the lines in tire hands are also same. The labor is also not different.

We should remember that all are having same eyes with which we can sleep or awake. We can won all by love. All things should be possible by love. In every way the life is common. That all can recognize and understand.

We should remember that whenever we are star hate our brothers, it is our fault. We have no right to condemn others. At the same time we have no right to look down upon anybody or discriminate, against anybody on any grounds. The poet makes a strong plea against the evils of war. By taking up arms, men violate the sanctity of the earth, polluting it with not only dust and smoke, but also hatred. Men must learn to develop the feeling of universal brotherhood. Men must learn that no man is stranger and no country is foreign.

Yes, all should agree with the poet. Because war gives way for hatredness only. There is no end for this so we should not wage war.The poet mentions in the following line. “To hate our brothers, it is ourselves that I we shall dispossess, betray, condemn. It is the j human earth that we defile. Our hells of fire I and dust outrage the innocence of air that a everywhere our own.

Finger millet, Sorghum, Foxtail millet and Kodo millet.