Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

No, the absolute refractive index of a medium can not be less than one because speed of light in any medium is always less than that in vacuum. 

(b) total internal reflection of light in air during a mirage.

(c) The beam of blue light would undergo total internal reflection. 

D. HOBr + HCl

BrCl reacts with water to form HOBr + HCl.

Primary treatment is physical and removes grit and large prices of organic matter while secondary treatment is Biological causing digestion of organic matter by microbes.

• Penicillin – Penicillin chrysogenum 
• Griseofulvin – Penicillin griseofulvin
• Fumagillin – Aspergillus puniyatus 
• Cephalosporin – Cephalosporium acremonium.

Sewage/municipal waste water is human excreta and other organic wastes containing large number of pathogenic microbes and harmful chemicals. It is harmful to us because

• Source of various water
• Causes eutrophication of water
• Produces scum and sludge, bad taste, foul smell and turbidity to water to which they are dumped.

There are two kinds of cell division occur in sexually reproducing organisms that are mitosis and meiosis.

Chromosomes are long thread-like structures which contain hereditary information of the individual and are thereby the carriers of genes. 

Male individual have 46 chromosomes but because the gametes are always haploid., i.e., they have half the number of chromosomes sperms will be haploid (23 chromosomes). Female individual also contains 23 chromosomes in egg. It is the fusion of the sperm and egg which leads to an offspring's with 45 chromosomes.

Mouse + live S strain = mouse died Mouse + live R strain = mouse alive Mouse + heat killed S strain = mouse alive Mouse + heat killed S strain along with R strain = mouse died.

(certain factors from heat-killed S strain transforms non-virulent R strain to become S strain i.e, transfer of genetic material)

Let, P_min = Least force applied as shown in fig. 

α = Angle of the least force 

From triangle OBC, 

BC = BOsin α

BC = 30sin α 

In Triangle BOD, BD = {(BO)² – (OD)² }^1/2 

BD = (30² – 15²)^1/2 = 25.98 

Taking moment of all forces about point B, We get 

P_min X BC – W X BD = 0 

P_min – W X BD/BC 

P_min = 1000 X 25.98 /30sin α 

We get minimum value of P when α is maximum and maximum value of α is at 90º i.e. 1, putting sin α =1 

P_min = 866.02N

Impulse is the total effect of a large force which acts for a short time to produce a finite change in momentum. It is defined as the product of the force and the time for which it acts and equal to the total change in momentum. 

Impulse = Force X time duration = Total change in momentum.

A number of concurrent forces acting on a body are said to be in equilibrium if their vector sum is zero or if these forces can be completely represented by the sides of a closed polygon taken in the same order.  

Cross section area of the bar A = 25 × 25 mm² 

Since the bar is held between rigid support at the ends, the following observations need to be made: 

• Portion AB will be subjected to tension and portion BC will be under compression 
• Since each ends are fixed and rigid and therefore total Elongation; 

\(\delta\)L_ab – \(\delta\)L_bc = 0; Elongation in portion AB equals shortening in portion BC. i.e., 

\(\delta\)L_ab = \(\delta\)L_bc 

Sum of reactions equals the applied axial pull i.e., P = R_a + R_c 

Apply second condition, we get

[P_ab × L_ab]/A_ab.E = [P_bc × L_bc]/A_bc.E

(R_a × 400)/(625 × 2 × 10⁵ ) = (R_c × 250)/(625 × 2 × 10⁵ )

R_c = 1.6R_a (i)

Now apply third condition i.e., P = R_a + R_c 

300 × 10³ = R_a + 1.6 R_a 

R_a = 1.154 × 10⁵ N; R_c = 1.846 × 10⁵ N

Let R₁ = reaction at the upper support; 

R₂ = reaction at the lower support when the bar touches it. 

If the bar MN finally rests on the lower support, 

we have

R₁ + R₂ = 55kN = 55000

N For bar LM, the total force = R₁ = 55000 – R₂ (tensile)

For bar MN, the total force = R₂ (compressive) 

δL₁ =extension of LM = [(55000 – R₂) × 1.2]/[(110 × 10 ^{– 6}) × 200 × 10⁹] 

δL₂ = contraction of MN = [R₂ × 2.4]/[(220 × 10^–6) × 200 × 10⁹] 

In order that N rests on the lower support, we have from compatibility equation

δL₁ – δL₂ = 1.2/1000 = 0.0012 m 

Or, [(55000 – R₂) × 1.2]/[(110 × 10^–6) × 200 × 10⁹] – [R₂ × 2.4]/[(220 × 10^–6) × 200 × 10⁹] = 0.0012 

on solving; 

R₂ = 16500N or, 16.5 KN 

R₁ = 55-16.5 = 38.5 KN 

Stress in LM = R₁/A₁ = 38.5/110 × 10^–6 = 0.350 × 10⁶ kN/m² = 350 MN/m² 

Stress in MN = R₂/A₂ = 16.5/220 × 10^–6 = 0.075 × 10⁶ kN/m² = 75 MN/m²

The forces acting at the same point of a body are called concurrent forces.

D) Anti – arrack movement

Correct option is C) Women

B) To prevent public disorder due to alcohol abuse in the 1970’s

B) to prevent public disorder due to alcohol abuse

C) No Weapons

D) Incident ray and emergent ray are not along the same straight line.

1. old 

2. live

1. life 

2. death 

3. illness 

4. injury

When you have finished working on your computer, you can choose to Log Out, Suspend or Shut down through the Session Indicator on the far right side of the top panel.

1. UbuntuLinux – LinuxMint

2. Arch Linux – Deepin

3. Fedora – Debian

4. CentOS

Each program or files we open our computer takes some of the computer resources to keep it running. If we have too many programs open at one time, our computer may be low on resources and as a result it slows down or it may hang. Try only one program running at a time to make sure our hang-ups is not being caused by multiple programs running at the same time.

An easy way to determine our computer in this situation is by pressing the Num Lock button on the keyboard and watching the Num Lock to see if it turns off and on. If we can get the light to turn off and on, press Ctrl + Alt + Del and End Task for the hang-up files.

A driver is a program that lets the operating system communicate with specific computer hardware. Computer parts need a driver because they do not use standard commands, a driver written for Linux cannot be used by Microsoft windows.

Eg:

1. Sound Card Drivers allow multi-media to deliver sound to the computer speakers.

2. The Audio Driver controls instruction sets to the audio card.

3. The Graphics Card Driver is responsible for managing the content of the images displayed on a computer monitor.

4. Modems Driver are responsible for connecting a computer to a telephone-based network.

Cortana – the personal assistant feature from windows phone. This has become a major part of windows 10 doing double duty as a web search and a start menu / windows search. Plus the ability to search by voice.

Yes, Many difficulties are these while using Ubuntu operating system.

1. A lack of familiarity and shared experiences fragments users they do not have a shared any points.

2. Many Linux newbies start with Ubuntu. This should not take away from Ubuntu, it is a testament to its smart design and ease of use.

3. Ubuntu has come a long way regarding hardware compatibility and some accessory hardware will not have the needed software to interface.

The advantages of open sources are better security, better quality, more control, no vendor dependence, easier licence management.

1. Open Source refers to a program or software in which the source code is available in the web to the general public free of cost.

2. Open Source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in which programmers continuously improve*upon the source code in the web and share the changes within the community.

Cut: 

1. When an object is cut from a document, it is completely removed and placed into a clipboard. 

2. Ctrl X and Ctrl V is the shortcut command for cut and paste.

Copy: 

1. When an object is copied a duplicate of it is placed into a clipboard while the original remains in place. . 

2. Ctrl + C and Ctrl + V is the shortcut command for copy and paste.

The extension of the file name simply says the format in which the data in the file is stored. 

Eg: If a file is named letter.doc, the .doc is the file extension, and it tells windows that the file was created with microsoft word.

Save:

The ‘save’ simply saves our work by updating the last saved version of the file to match the current version we see on our screen.

Save as:

The ‘save as’ brings upto save our work as a file with a different name.

There are several methods of transferring files to or from a removable disk.

1. Copy and Paste

2. Send To

Method I:

Copy and Paste:

1. Plug the USB flash drive directly into an available USB port.

2. If the USB flash drive or external drive folder does NOT open automatically, follow these steps:

3. Click Start → Computer.

4. Double-click on the Removable Disk associated with the USB flash drive.

5. Navigate to the folders in your computer containing files you want to transfer.

6. Right-click on the file you want to copy, then select Copy.

7. Return to the Removable Disk window, right-click within the window, then select Paste.

Method II:

Send To:

1. Plug the USB flash drive directly into an available USB port.

2. Navigate to the folders in your computer containing files you want to transfer.

3. Right-click on the file you want to transfer to your removable disk.

4. Click Send To and select the Removable Disk associated with the USB flash drive.

Recycle bin is a special folder to keep the files or folders deleted by the user, which meAnswer:you still have an opportunity to recover them. The user cannot access the files or folders available in the Recycle bin without restoring it. To restore file or folder from the Recycle Bin.

1. Open Recycle bin.

2. Right click on a file or folder to be restored and select Restore option from the pop-up menu.

3. To restore multiple files or folders, select Restore all items.

4. To delete all files in the Recycle bin, select Empty the Recycle Bin.

Method I:

CUT and PASTE:

To move a file or folder, first select the file or folder and then choose one of the following:

1. Click on the Edit → Cut or Ctrl + X Or right click → cut from the pop-up menu.

2. To move the file(s) or folder(s) in the new location, navigate to the new location and paste it using Click.Edit → Paste from edit menu or Ctrl + V using keyboard.

3. Or Right click → Paste from the pop-up menu. The file will be pasted in the new location.

Method II:

Drag and Drop:

In the disk drive window, we have two panes called left and right panes. In the left pane, the files or folders are displayed like a tree structure. In the right pane, the files inside the specific folders in the left pane are displayed with various options.

1. In the right pane of the Disk drive window, select the file or folder you want to move.

2. Click and drag the selected file or folder from the right pane, to the folder list on the left pane.

3. Release the mouse button when the target folder is highlighted (active).

4. Your file or folder will now appear in the new area.

There are number of ways to rename files or folders. You can rename using the File menu, left mouse button or right mouse button.

Method I:

Using the FILE Menu

1. Select the File or Folder you wish to Rename.

2. Click File → Rename.

3. Type in the new name.

4. To finalise the renaming operation, press Enter.

Method II:

Using the Right Mouse Button

1. Select the file or folder you wish to rename.

2. Click the right mouse button over the file or folder.

3. Select Rename from the popmp menu.

4. Type in the new name.

5. To finalise the renaming Operation, press Enter.

6. The folder “New Folder” is renamed as C++.

Method III:

Using the Left Mouse Button

1. Select the file or folded you wish to rename.

2. Press F2 or click over the file or folder. A surrounding rectangle will appear around the name.

3. Type in the new name.

4. To finalise the renaming operation, press Enter.

Files:

1. A file is a collection of data on a single unit. It can be anything from a word file to a music, video or photo file. 

2. Files have a size ranging from a few bytes to several giga bytes. 

Folders: 

1. Folders are places where files are stored. Folders can contain folders inside them. 

2. Folders take up no space on hard drive.

Select the file or folder you wish to delete.

1. Right- click the file or folder, select Delete option from the po-pup menu or Click File → Delete or press Delete key from the keyboard.

2. The file will be deleted and moved to the Recycle bin.

Application Window:

1. The larger window is called the Application Window.

2. This window helps the user to communicate with the Application Program.

Document Window:

1. The smaller window, which is inside the Application Window is called the Document Window.

2. This window is used for typing, editing, drawing and formatting the text and graphics.

Method I:

Step 1: Open Computer Icon.

Step 2: Open any drive where you want to create a new folder. (For example select D:)

Step 3: Click on File → New → Folder.

Step 4: A new folder is created with the default name “New folder”.

Step 5: Type in the folder name and press Enter key.

Method II:

In order to create a folder in the desktop:

Step 1: In the Desktop, right click → New → Folder.

Step 2: A Folder appears with the default name “New folder” and it will be highlighted.

Step 3: Type the name you want and press Enter Key.

Step 4: The name of the folder will change.

The three functions of the foreign exchange market are :

• Transfer Function
• Credit Function
• Hedging Function

Foreign exchange rate refers to the rate at which domestic currency can be exchanged for a foreign currency. It is the price paid in domestic currency for buying one unit of foreign currency.

Foreign exchange market is a marketplace, where sale and purchase of foreign currencies take place. Therefore, it is a place where organised management of sale and purchase of foreign currencies occur. Exporters sell foreign currencies and importers purchase foreign currencies.

1. Transfering the purchasing power : The main function of foreign exchange market is to transfer the purchasing power between the different countries.

2. Arranging goodwill: Foreign exchange market arranges the goodwill for international trade.

3. Risk management: Foreign exchange market provides the facility of current or post sale and purchase to minimise risk.

The demand curve sloping (due to the inverse relationship between the exchange rate and the demand for foreign exchange).

The foreign exchange market is the market where foreign currencies are bought and sold.

The rate of exchange, which prevails in the spot market at the time when a foreign currency is bought and sold, is termed as the spot exchange rate.