Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of liver caused by infection of hepatitis virus.

Functions of Golgi Complex are:

(i) Golgi apparatus is involved in the formation of lysosomes.

(ii) It is also responsible for the synthesis of cell wall and cell membrane.

(c) Stigma, Ovary, Style

i. Amoeba changes its shape through its pseudopodia as it tries to catch its food. 

ii. White blood cells in humans change its shape as it engulfs the germs to kill them.

The function of a flower is to make male and female gametes and to ensure that fertilisation will take place to make new seeds for the reproduction of plant.

• All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

• The cell is the basic unit of structure, function, and organization in all organisms.

• All cells come from preexisting, living cells.

(i) Sepals and petals: Sepals in the calyx cup protect the flower in the bud stage. They persist in the fruit. Petals of insect-pollinated flowers are brightly colored and scented to attract bees and butterflies for pollination. They are colorless and inconspicuous in -wind-pollinated flower. 

(ii) Stamen: This is the male reproductive part of the flower. Tire anther produces pollen grains. 

(iii) Carpel: It has a swollen bottom part called overy, a middle elongated part called style and a sticky terminal part called stigma. The ovary contains ovules which contain the female gametes - the egg

Mosquitoes are vectors of diseases such as malaria, dengue, encephalitis etc. They breed in stagnant water and as such the surroundings should be cleaned to prevent their breeding.

Peptic ulcers are caused by the infection of the bacteria Helicobacter pylori.

Two differences between binary fission and multiple fission are :

Encephalitis or brain fever, filaria or elephant, malaria, dengue etc., are caused by mosquitoes.

The two diseases spread by mosquitoes are: 

(i) Malaria: It is caused by two species of Plasmodium, Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito. The symptoms for this disease include fevers, chills, sweating, headaches and other lu-like symptoms. If not treated, it can be fatal. 

(ii) Dengue fever: It is a viral disease caused by dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes mosquito. The symptoms for this disease includes high fever, headaches, back and joint pain, rashes and eye pain.

Dengue is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, Malaria by Anopheles mosquito and Brain Fever or encephalitis is transmitted by means of Culex mosquitoes.

Two differences between binary fission and multiple fission are :

Binary Fission: An organism is divided into two individuals. Mitotic division takes place resulting in two identical individuals or daughter cells. e.g., Amoeba.

Multiple Fission: Mitotic division takes place. The nucleus divides repeatedly to form a number of equal sized and similar individuals, e.g., Plasmodium.

Binary fission is the division of one parent cell into two identical daughter cells. It takes place in Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena and other protozoa. 

In multiple fission one single celled organism divides into many daughter cells within a cyst. These are released when the cyst breaks. This takes place in Plasmodium (malarial parasite).

(a) Fission means the splitting of an organism into two new organisms.

 Binary Fission 

(i) In binary fission, the parent organism splits to form two new organisms. 

(ii) It occurs during normal conditions. 

Multiple Fission 

(i) In multiple fission, the parent organisms splits to form many new organisms. 

(ii)It takes place during unfavorable conditions. 

(c) Amoeba reproduces by binary fission and Plasmodium reproduces by multiple fission. 

(d) Both the above mentioned organisms are animals.

i) Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of branching tubules that is involved in the protein and lipid synthesis of the cell. 

ii) The Golgi complex is a system of membrane bound vesicles that functions in the storage and transportation of various biomolecules via its vesicles. 

iii) The Golgi complex works in coordination with the endoplasmic reticulum.

iv) The bio molecules like proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum are transferred to the Golgi complex where they are processed, stored and then transported to the other parts of the cells where they are required.

Correct option is (c) Fibre

Correct option is B) Concave mirror

Correct option is B) increase

Correct option is B) 2

Aedes mosquito is responsible for chikungunya cases.

Ascariasis - Ascaris

Contaminated water/vegetables/fruits.

Elephantiasis - Filariasis (Wuchaeria Bancroft) Bite by female mosquito vectors.

Detailed:

Two human diseases caused by round worms are : 

(i) Ascariasis : Caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. It spreads through contaminated water fruits and vegetables.

(ii) Filariasis: Caused by Wuchereria banuofti and W malayi. It is transmitted by the bite of female Culex mosquitoes.

a) Self Awareness, boldness, insight and commitment towards community health 

b) Diphtheria, scarlet fever, Influenza, common cold, measles,mumps, tuberculosis

c) Gutka contains heavy amounts of magnesium as well as calcium carbonate which are very toxic chemicals. High amounts of magnesium carbonate in the human body can cause respiratory and cardiac dysfunction , while calcium carbonate or lime damages the mucosa, causing chronic mucosal injuries and ulcers in the mouth. Apart from this, gutka can also cause hypertension and cause reproductive health dysfunction. Possible problems: Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, nervous system disorders, liver and kidney diseases, reproductive health dysfunctions, oro-dental problems, metabolic disorders including diabetes and obesity, and psychological disorders including addiction, can be caused by excessive consumption of gutka.

Vegetative propagules: The vegetative parts of plants which are used to raise new plants e.g. Rhizome, Bulb, tuber etc.,

Stress can cause illness by impairing the workings of the immune system. The immune system guards the body against attackers, both from within and outside. The white blood cells (leucocytes) within the immune system identify and destroy foreign bodies (antigens) such as viruses. It also leads to the production of antibodies. There are several kinds of white blood cells or leucocytes within the immune system, including T cells, B cells and natural killer cells. T cells destroy invaders, and T-helper cells increase immunological activity. It is these T-helper cells that are attacked by the Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV), the virus causing Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). B cells produce antibodies. Natural killer cells are involved in the fight against both viruses andtumours.

(a) vertebrate  (b) invertebrate

Drugs were discovered to prevent and cure physical diseases and reverse the disturbances that occur in some mental illnesses. The power of drugs has led people to believe that any ailment, infective or psychic, can be relieved by taking a pill. At the first sign of nervousness, they try pep pills. Medical journals now advertise tranquilizers, amphetamines and other mood-altering drugs. Doctors prescribe them and people expect miracles from them. This excitement over damges leads to drug abuse.

The sensory deprivation of the drug addict shows itself in a general feeling of physical discomfort and in personality changes. The addict feels depressed. He fails to respond either to his environment or to other people. His mental disturbance can be like paranoia.

a) The drug user often assumes that there is no danger because the harmful side effects are not immediately apparent. 

b) Possible results range from incidental delirious effects to death from overdose the dangers that lie between the extremes are the worsening of health and reduced brain function. 

c) dubious

Drug Abuse: A Social Menace When talking about the problem of drug abuse some people say, “Ban all these drugs legally”. Well, here drugs mean psychedelic drugs. I don’t agree with this idea to solve the problem of drug abuse. We can’t ban all the psychedelic drugs just because a few people misuse them. Even psychedelic drugs have medicinal value and they are used for treating certain diseases, including alcoholism and epilepsy. 

I think the most common psychedelic drugs are psilocybin and Ecstasy.

These are used by doctors in the treatment of diseases like epilepsy, insomnia and mental disorders. They are also used in palliative care to treat the patients who are in constant pain and on the verge of death. So we must realize that even these psychedelic drugs have positive uses and so we can’t ban them all legally; Banning them would be as foolish as throwing the baby out with the bathwater! It is true that some people abuse drug. People abuse so many good things but we can’t ban them all just because we’are afraid of their misuse by a few perverts.

Drug-related health disorders are many and varied. Dirty needles and solutions used for injecting drugs can cause abscesses in the arms and veins. They can cause liver disease, venereal disease and infection of the kidney and brain. Sniffing cocaine and amphetamines can damage the tissue of the nose. Marijuana and tobacco smoking can cause lung diseases.

Babies of women addicted to opiates are likely to be bom addicted and to suffer from withdrawal symptoms! Cocaine and amphetamines cause hair fall. Marijuana can damage cells. A drug addict can easily get pneumonia, tuberculosis, mal-nutrition and weight loss. An overdose of any sensual drug can cause respiratory or cardiac failure and death.

Sensual drugs activate the brain’s pleasure centres. It is the brain that governs sensations, moods, thoughts and actions. Sensual drugs upset the normal working of the brain and give the body a false sense of pleasure.

The difference between medicines and sensual drugs is simple. Sensual drugs are those that the body does not need, but they give the user a strong sense of pleasure. Sensual drugs activate the brain’s pleasure centres. Medicines are those that cure or prevent diseases. The body needs medicines but not sensual drugs.

St. Mary’s Higher Secondary School 

43, Cathedral Road 

Irinjalakuda

Tel: 9876543210 

Email: stmarvsl [email protected]

The Principal Florets Public School 420, 

Chandrabose Nagar Chennai 

20 June 2015

Respected Sir, Sub: Permission to visit your school We have come to now that the class XII of your school are working on a project on the ‘Increasing Tendency of drug abuse among the young’. We also came to know that the project has made great progress. We saw some of the pamphlets issued by the project coordinator exhorting the young to keep away from drugs, showing them the physical and mental problems they will encounter if they get into the dangerous habit of drug abuse.

We are impressed by your work. We also plan to make a project of our own in our school so that we can help the local people, especially boys and girls of school-going age. We believe that a visit to your school will help us a lot as we can see the work there stand and talk to the people who have been working on it. Please let us know if it would be okay if a group of 20 students, led by a teacher, visits your school at a time convenient to you.

We shall be glad if a date is given to us sometime in the 2^nd week of July, if it is okay with you. We are sure you will be gracious enough to grant our request. Please send your reply at your earliest. Thanking you,

Yours respectfully, 

(Raj Job) 

Secretary, Social Club

Tom, I have come to know that you are taking amphetamines regularly. I don’t know how a responsible boy like you could get into such a dangerous habit. Do you know the use of amphetamines brings a lot of adverse effects on your mind and body? They destroy the tissues of your nose and slowly your nose will lose your sense of smell. Your brain will be very badly affected. You also become prone to get pneumonia, tuberculosis, hair and weight loss.

I am sure you want to grow into a ne gentleman. How much love your parents have for you! If they come to know that you take amphetamines, how will they feel? How will your friends feel? So, Tom, give up your habit. You can do physical and mental exercises to overcome your craving for amphetamines. Enjoy life, this beautiful life!

In addition to all the fill-effects that men have from drug abuse, babies of women addicted to opiates are likely to be born addicted and to suffer from withdrawal symptoms.

Addicts press their fingers deep into their bodies because their sensations are lost and they want to reassure themselves of their own reality

The symptoms of the addict’s sensory deprivation are a general feeling of physical discomfort and personality changes. The addict feels depressed. He fails to respond either to his environment or to other people. His mental disturbance can be like paranoia.

a) blossom 

b) The addict loses his sense of being alive because of sensory deprivation.

a) Because his brain’s pleasure reflexes seem to be awakened by artificial stimulation. 

b) In severe addiction, the mechanisms fail to respond to drug stimulation. 

c) induce

Light Emitting Diode (प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड)

फोटो डायोड प्रकाश संवेदनशील अर्द्धचालक से बना p – n सन्धि डायोड है, जो उत्क्रम अभिनति में कार्य करता है। फोटो डायोड का उपयोग प्रकाश संसूचक के रूप में प्रकाश संचालित कुंजियों तथा कम्प्यूटर पंच का आदि के पढ़ने में किया जाता है।

कम हो जाएगी।

ट्रैवेलांश भंजन: 

उत्क्रम अभिनति वोल्टेज के बहुत अधिक हो जाने पर, अल्पसंख्यक वाहक काफी अधिक गतिज ऊर्जा अर्जित कर लेते हैं जिससे कि सन्धि के समीप सह-संयोजक बन्ध टूट जाते हैं। तथा इलेक्ट्रॉन- कोटर युग्म मुक्त हो जाते हैं। ये आवेश वाहक भी त्वरित होकर उसी प्रकार से अन्य इलेक्ट्रॉन-कोटर युग्मों को मुक्त करते हैं। यह प्रक्रिया संचयी होती है तथा इलेक्ट्रॉन-कोटर युग्म बहुत बड़ी संख्या में मुक्त हो जाते हैं। तब उत्क्रम धारा का मान एकाएक बहुत बढ़ जाता है। इस स्थिति को ‘ऐवेलांश भंजन’ कहते हैं तथा इसमें धारा के कारण उत्पन्न ऊष्मा से सन्धि के क्षतिग्रस्त होने की आशंका रहती है। वह उत्क्रम वोल्टेज जिस पर उत्क्रम धारा एकाएक बढ़ जाती है, ‘भंजक वोल्टता’ कहलाता है।

(i) अल्पसंख्यक वाहक

(c) sell the rice in the black market.

(b) Subbiah’s father.

1. True

2. True

3. True

4. True

5. False

6. False