Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The correct answer is Afghan.

• Tonk is a town in the state of Rajasthan.
  • The founder of the state and its first ruler was Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan.
  • He was a military leader of Pashtun descent from Afghanistan.
• Amir Khan rose to be a military commander.
• In 1806, Khan conquered the area, taking it from Yashwant Rao Holkar.
• The British government captured it in turn. Khan then received the state of Tonk from the British Government who returned it.
• In 1817, after the Third Anglo-Maratha War, Amir Khan submitted to the British East India Company and kept his territory of Tonk while receiving the title of Nawab.
• Tonk was founded one year later after Khan was granted land by the ruler of Indore.

• Tonk was the Only Muslim state of Rajasthan.
• In the Mahabharat period, it was known as Samwad Lakshya.
• In the Mauryan regime, it was under the Mouryas
• Later it was merged into Malvas.
• Similarly, like others, it came under Harsh Vardhan.
• Huen Tsang, the visitor to China's account shows it under Bairath State.
• In Rajputs, Tonk was under, Solankis of Toda and later Kachhwahs took over as Man Singh defeated the Rao of Toda.
  • Later, it was under the regime of Holkar and Sindhia.

a – iii;

b – i;

c – iv; 

d – i.

The bacteria causing cholera spread through water or housefly in the dirty atmosphere. Therefore the first and foremost requirement is to keep the surroundings neat and clean Facilitates of clean atmosphere, personal hygiene and pure drinking water should be made available in the cholera affected locality.

The annual sports day function of ABC was celebrated grandly. The Director of Sports and Youth Affairs was the chief guest. He was ceremoniously received by the Principal, staff, the head boy and the head girl. The welcome speech was given by the Principal. There was an address by the chief guest. The celebrations ended with the Prize distribution by the chief guest and vote of thanks by the correspondent of the school.

The correct answer is Bakreshwar.

• Hot springs are reported in Eastern India at Bakreshwar, West Bengal, and Tantloi, Jharkhand.
• Bakreshwar is a village in Birbhum District.
  • The Bakreshwar River is a tributary of the Mayurakshi River.
• These hot springs are located on the eastern continuation of the Son-Narmada lineament zone.
• The hot springs at Bakreshwar show temperatures of 35°C to 66.5°C on the surface.
• The thermal water at Bakreshwar is alkaline with low to moderate sodium, HCO₃, and SO₄ as compared to chloride.
• Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited.

a-ii; 

b-i.

Malaria, Dengue fever, Filariasis, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Zika fever etc. are the diseases spread by mosquitoes.

Preventive measures.

• Avoid the circumstances leading to spread of mosquitoes.
• Observe “Dry Day” once in two weeks.
• Keep our surroundings clean.
• Practice use of measures like mosquito nets.
• Avoid the habit of littering.
• Do not throw garbage’s in the water bodies.

(a) – iii;

(b) – i ;

(c) – ii; 

(d) – iv.

Fungal diseases spread through contact.

1. The Maravanthe beach.

2. Souparnika.

3. The islands are covered with palm trees and mangroves.

4. In small boats.

Ringworm. Athletes’ foot

Loss of body weight, fatigue, persistent cough are the major symptoms of tuberculosis.

The correct answer is Lakshadweep and Micony Island.

• Andaman and Nicobar Island is separated by the water body called the Ten-degree channel.
  • Barren Island is the only active volcano in India which is situated on Nicobar Island.
  • Andaman and Nicobar are the Islands of the Bay of Bengal.
  • It has an equatorial type of vegetation and receives convectional rainfall.
  • The coastal line of this Island has some beautiful beaches and coral deposits.
• Gulf of Mannar is located in the State of Tamil Nadu.
  • It is famous for harbouring over 3,600 species of flora and fauna and hence it is one of the richest coastal regions in Asia.
  • Colombo in Srilanka and Thoothukudi (Tuticorin) in Tamil Nadu are the chief seaports on the Gulf of Mannar.
  • It is famous for 117 hard coral species, Sea turtles, sharks, dugongs, dolphins, pearl oysters, etc.
• Rann of Kutch is located in the Indian state of Gujarat.
  • It was designated as a Ramsar Wetland site on 5th November 2002.
  • It is one of the hottest areas of India i.e summer temperature averages and peaks at 49.5-degree celsius.
  • The winter temperature can go below 0-degree Celcius.
  • Its boundary line is known as the 24th Parallel line.
  • It is famous for the Asiatic wild ass and the wild ass sanctuary of Little Rann of Kutch in Gujrat was shortlisted by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation) to enter the list of World Heritage sites.
• Lakshadweep and Micony are the islands of the Arabian sea.
  • The Islands of this archipelago have storm beaches consisting of unconsolidated pebbles, shingles, cobbles, and boulders on the eastern seaboards. Here the island refers to the Lakshadweep and Micony Island.
  • These Islands are situated at a distance of 280 Kilometers to 480 Kilometers off the Kerala Coast.
  • The entire island group is build of coral deposits.

a) Cholera, Typhoid 

b) Through wounds 

c) Tuberculosis 

d) Anthrax 

e) Botulism 

f) Through sexual contact

Food poisoning caused by the growth of bacteria in improperly sterilized tinned meats and other preserved foods.

Tuberculosis mainly affects the lungs. It also affects kidneys, bones, joints, brain etc by this disease.

Anthrax can be spread through castles.

BCG vaccine is the vaccine used against tuberculosis across the world.

Commensalism- An interaction between two species in which one is benefitted and the other one is neither harmed nor benefited. 

e.g. Orchids growing on trunk/branch of a tree. 

Parasitism- An interaction between two species where parasite not only obtains food from its host but also completes its life cycle on the host. e.g. Bacteria, fungi etc. 

• Test your sputum if you have prolonged cough for a couple of weeks.
• Take BCG vaccination immediately after the birth of children.

Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice. It contains the transgenes from the daffodil plant and also from some bacteria which are responsible for the synthesis of β-carotene which is a component of Vitamin A. Deficiency of vitamin A causes blindness. Therefore, β- carotene present in golden variety of rice can be helpful in preventing the child blindness. 

The disease where infections agents are the immediate cause, are called infectious or communicable diseases. These are caused by pathogens or microorganisms. 

example- Cholera, Tuberculosis, Plague etc.

• Keep our surroundings clean. 
• Observe “Dry Day” once in two weeks

(D) Eukaryotic EF-2

Dengue fever, chikungunya, chickenpox, cholera, Anthrax etc.

Haemophilia is the condition that excess blood is lost even through minor wounds due to synthesis of protein fails when the genes that control protein synthesis become defective. As haemophilia is a genetic disease a complete cure is not possible. Temporary relief is brought in by injecting the deficient protein identified through clinical diagnosis.

The condition that excess blood is lost even through minor wounds is known as Haemophilia.

Haemophilia, Sickle cell Anaemia, Cancer, Diabetes, Stroke.

In case of sickle cell, anaemia changes occur in the structure of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Red blood celsl bend like a sickle and hence it is called sickle cell anaemia.

Anaemia is a condition that develops when your blood lacks enough oxygen content due to the lack of iron content in the red blood cells. On the other hand, sickle cell anaemia is a serious inherited blood disorder where the red blood cells which carry oxygen around the body, develop abnormally. In cause of sickle cell anaemia changes occurs in the structure of haemoglobin in red blood cells.

Red blood cell bend like a sickle and hence it is called sickle cell anaemia.

Antitoxins which act against the toxins produced by Corynebacterium diphtheria are used to protect the uninfected cells. But if the disease becomes severe the patient cannot be recovered through medication. So vaccination is the best preventive method.

Haemophilia Genetic disease.

Compared to a healthy person, of a person having sickle cell anaemia decreases the oxygen carring capacity.

• Avoid the use of food containing higher level of fat and salt.
• Control diabetes and high blood pressure time to time.
• Take steps to minimize mental pressure.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption. 
• Have regular exercise.

• Diabetes – lifestyle
• Goitre – deficiency disease
• Haemophilia – genetic

• Avoid the use of food containing higher level of fat and salt.
• Control diabetes and high blood pressure time to time.
• Take steps to minimize mental pressure.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption.
• Have regular exercise.

A – iii. blockage of blood flow in the brain.

B – i. deficiency of insulin or its malfunctioning.

C – ii. deposition of excess fat in the liver.

1) Causes kidney disease, ulcers, liver cancer, fatty liver etc.

2) Contributes to high blood pressure and stroke 

3) Increases blood sugar levels which makes diabetes worse.

b. Asking permission.

Correct answer is (c) house

A – brain 

B – lungs 

C – any organ

Initial sound letter is B

• Cigarette smoking is injurious to health.
• Smoking is a social crime. 
• Quit smoking, it kill you

Virus multiplies by taking control over the genetic mechanism of host cells. During this process, the cell gets damaged leading to disease.

The first sound in the word is Tr in this picture.

Unlike other diseases, AIDS can be completely prevented by taking right precautions. AIDS is not a communicable disease. Therefore AIDS virus will not be transferred through social contacts such as touching or sharing food, and water. It is transmitted by sexual contact transfusion of blood, using unsterilized needle and syringe, use of blade and the razor in the barbershops and mother to foetus. So show positive attitude towards AIDS patients. To provide adequate care and attention to AIDS patients and make their relatives and. the public aware of it.

Hepatitis: Hepatitis is a liver diseases it is also caused by vims. Inflammation of the liver is its major symptom. When the flow of the bile secreted by the liver is blocked, an increase in the level of bile pigment, bilirubin in blood is noticed. This imparts dark yellow colour to the mucous membrane, white portion of the eyes and the nails. This is the external symptom of diseases.

Mode of transmission: Disease gets transmitted through contaminated food and water blood components and excreta of the patient.

Malaria is caused by the protozoan, plasmodium. Malaria is spread by female Anopheles mosquito. High fever with shivering and profuse sweating are the major symptoms of malaria. Other symptoms include headache, vomiting diarrhoea, anaemia etc. Hoste is man. Symptoms repeat intermittently.

Filariasis: Filariasis is caused by filarial worms that are spread by Culex mosquito. The worms stay in the lymph ducts and obstruct the flow of lymph by blocking the ducts. This causes swelling in the lymph ducts in the legs.

Dengue fever, chikungunya, Ebola, chickenpox, SAARS, AIDS, Rabies.