Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Correct option is A) make it up

Correct option is A) as hard as

Correct option is D) looked through

Correct option is B) sword

Correct option is B) bewildered

• End of feudal system in Europe. 
• Proclaimed that nation is not merely a region, but the people. 
• Contributed the concept of people’s sovereignty. 
• Led to the emergence of nationalism. 
• Helped the growth of the piiddle class. 
• Threatened the autocratic rulers in Europe. 
• Stimulated all the later revolutions in the world. 
• Spread the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity.

Correct option is A) whether to help

Correct option is D) None

Correct option is B) which

The decision for the demonetisation of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 notes taken by the Narendra Modi Government was a landmark step in Independent India. Sri Modi announced the bank w.e.f. 8^th November 2016, to effectively control black money. This sudden move had also affected the subversive activities of the infiltrations aided by the Pakistan Government.

The main objective of the move was to prevent cash hoarding and to bring black money into circulation and punish those who are not paying their taxes property. Unfortunately, this resulted in a lot of problems for the common man. There were not enough new notes available and banks were not capable of handling this sudden work pressure and cash crunch.

They were doling out new notes for limited value only. Public could withdraw only 2,000/-. many businesses also suffered. Small vendors were the worst hit. But gradually things have become normal, this is a good move for the future financial stability of the country.

Merits of democracy: 

1. Peoples Choice: People can choose their leader irrespective of caste, creed, sex and even race. Even economically backward persons like Abraham Lincoln could become the president of the united states,  women like Margaret Thatcher prime minister of the UK, etc. 

2. Change of power: If a person in authority is not fit to rule, he can be replaced by elections. Many politicians who were felt unfit to govern were changed in next elections. If they were fit, were given multiple chances to rule.  

3. Equal and fair justice: In a democracy, no one is above the law, and everyone is equal before it. So equal justice is theoretically possible to all.  

4. People participation: Since a person is elected by people, people have the right to decide their leader by involvement in voting.  

5. Nationalism: Since every citizen is involved in building the country, there is a sense of patriotism and contributions to its growth.  

6. Better and equal opportunities: All are equal before the law so anyone can contest for any post. And if he is eligible, he can take the opportunity.  

7. Freedom of life: People are free to live their life as they wish without causing harm to others. This is fundamental right provided by law.

Demerits of Democracy:

1. Corruption: There is a chance for the full spread and evergreen corruption. A democratic leader is in position for a limited period. So there is a tendency to make money by use of power. Once he loses his power, he can live in a different country and evade the laws of the country. Hence it is easy for industries and companies to invest and get undue benefits from other nations by bribing that state leader. This is so common that dozens of U.S companies face bribery allegations in another nation. In a democracy, corruption chances cannot be controlled as long as people of the entire nation wants to avoid it. This includes leaders, officials, people, businessmen, etc. Even if one is not in a mood to avoid corruption, the entire system will go towards corruption gradually.  

2. No protection for the common man:  There is no protection for the common man as the leaders itself try to misuse or misbehave in public. Even security personnel and police treat injustice differently. They favor those in power or wealthy and neglect or even cause trouble to those who are sick or weak socially.  

3. Divide and rule: The leaders try to play divide and rule games. They, divide the people based on religion, caste, languages, etc. and try to gain votes to get power though there are not worthy to rule the state or country.  

4. Unfair businesses: They encourage unfair trade practices to get support for election campaigns. This we can see as most politicians support rich people in return for monetary benefits like party funds etc.  

5. Media misuse: In dictatorial and communal rules you can notice, journalists cry for their freedom and rights. But in democracy, media try to fool the people such that they can influence the voting behavior. In many countries, media channels work for some or another party. They even have no value for nation prospects. They even make news which can be problematic to the countries security. Their goal will be just to portray one leader as evil and others as the right to favor their choice of election results. This is possible because few political parties or leaders control the media.  

6. Lack of justice: Democracy is one wherein there is a delay in prosecution. You can notice that in kings rule, the punishments are not only severe but very fast after the crime. But in democracy, the sentence can be declared after all those involved in the case become old or even die. So freedom can seem to be eviler.  

7. Unfair participation:  Not all people participate in voting. They do not utilize their right to vote due to lack of interest or laziness. Sometimes, they also do not vote if the candidate of interest is not available. In recent US elections, the black Americans did not vote as they did not have a candidate of interest. In the previous elections, they voted for Obama who was not white.  

8. Emotional manipulation: Politicians try to gain votes by emotional manipulation of people minds. This is quite common in the name of nationalism, secularism, claims to stop something, achieve long-standing demands, etc. This makes people get connected emotionally to that party or leader. Doing so, people vote them without thinking of other factors which can be misused.  

9. Disturbance in public relations: Every person perception of a political party varies to a certain extent. This includes the members of a family. A husband would like to vote for one part while his wife for another party. Similarly, this happens between brothers, sisters, friends, etc. This variation in preferences could sometimes lead to heated debates and even discord in relationships.  I have seen some people stay away from their home during elections. The reason for that was to avoid mental stress during elections. They would return home once voting is over. Thus, the democratic form of political affiliation can lead to troubles in relationships.  For more go through the fascinating book on why democracy does not lead to prosperity but social conflict.

Demerits Of Democracy are as follows:

• Change in leader brings instability.
• Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for morality.
• Consultation in a democracy from many people leads to delays.
• Not knowing the best interest of the people by the elected leaders leads to bad decisions.
• Democracy leads to corruption for it is based on electoral competition.

Almost all the advertisements in the modern media attract the attention of the consumers. Consumers become aware of the use of certain goods and services through advertisements. Consumers fall as victims of misleading advertisements. Often the goods advertised may not have the required quality or life. 

The consumers are cheated through advertisements by not giving the after-sale service, not giving the products shown in the advertisements and not giving the goods and services after accepting money. 

Housewives who are attracted by the beauty of dress materials in advertisement, buy low-quality clothes through online shopping is an example for this bad influence of advertisements. Misreading advertisements to accelerate. sale are a curse to consumers.

• Importance of Consumer’s Day
• Rights of consumers
• Situations when the consumers are cheated
• Consumers Protection Act
• Consumer Courts
• Institutions and departments to protect the interest of consumers
• Social intervention
• Importance of consumer education

Consumer courts are mechanisms for helping the consumers as per the law when they are not satisfied with the dealings of the producers and distributors.

Legal Metrology Department ensures the weights and measures standards.

Babur is considered to be the founder of Mughal rule in India. Before him India was split up into many pretty independent states which were often in a state of internecine warfare. Babur's great achievement was that he crushed the independence of these States, subjugated them and built a significant empire.

1. were watching, went off 

2. were fighting, entered

Concept:

Indian women have had some success at the World Weightlifting Championships. Kunjarani Devi, Karnam Malleswari, Lalita Polley, Bharti Singh, Neelam Setti Laxmi, and Saikhom Mirabai Chanu are the winners who secured medals at the said tournament.

Explanation:

Karnam Malleswari:

• Karnam Malleswari (born June 1, 1975, in Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh) is an Indian weightlifter. Her father is a police constable.
• Malleshwari started lifting weights when she was 12 years old. Now she can lift a weight of 130 kilograms.
• Karnam has won 29 medals in international events. Her four sisters also practise weight lifting
• During her ten years career, she has won 11 gold and three silver medals besides the prestigious Olympic bronze.
• She has been the National Champion for nine years (twice in the 52 kg category and seven times in the 54 kg category).
• It is notable that on September 19, 2000, Malleswari in the 69 kg weight class, lifted 240 kg to win the Sydney Olympic Bronze medal.
• She became the first woman athlete to win a medal in the Olympics.
• She is a recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award, India's highest sporting honour for the year 1995-1996.
• She is also a recipient of the civilian honour Padma Shri in 1999.
• Malleswari is awarded the Arjuna Award in 1994, India's second-highest award in sports. 

Hence,

A. She is a weight lifter of international fame: Correct

B. She is from Karnataka: Incorrect (She was born in Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh)

C. She has many records to her credit. She could lift weights up to 130 kg: Correct

D. She started lifting weights when she was 12 years old: Correct

1) Father was reading a newspaper. 

2) Father read about a young boy who had fought bravely with a tiger. 

3) Father was speaking to Sawmi, his son. 

4) One day when he was travelling through a jungle he came face to face with a tiger. He bravely fought with a tiger. 

5) The boy flew up a tree and he stayed half a day. At last some people came that way and killed the tiger. Thus the boy escaped from the tiger.

1) ‘You’ here refers to Swami. 

2) Father says strength has nothing to do with courage weak people may be courageous and strong people may not be courageous. 

3) Strength and age have nothing to do with courage. 

4) Swami believes that though people are courageous they can not face risks and dangers. 

5) No. Swami is not courageous. He feels that he is courageous but he Says he can not face and fight with a tiger.

1) Swami should sleep lonely in his father’s office room to prove his courage. 

2) Swami always sleeps beside his grandmother in the Verandah. 

3) This tells us that Swami is timid. 

4) Swami’s wanted to make his to son courageous by making him sleep alone at night. 

5) Sleeping beside his mother or grandmother is disgraceful for a boy like Swami.

SHM can be obtained by perpendicular projection of uniform circular motion of a particle on its diameter such a particle is called reference particle and its circular path is called reference circle.

1) Swami was pretending that he was sleeping. Actually he was not sleeping. 

2) Father is obstinate and commanding. He does not listen to any suggestions from anyone, if he decides to do anything. 

3) Supposing that his grandmother would at least persuade his father not to make him sleep alone, Swami looked at his grandmother. 

4) Swami complained that his father’s office room was dusty and there might be some scorpions behind his law books. 

5) Father wishes that Swami should not be afraid of darkness. So he insisted Swami to sleep lonely in his office room.

1) Usually he used to sleep beside his grandmother in the verandah. But now he was forced to sleep alone in his father’s office room. This made Swami pained and angry. 

2) Swami did not like the cruelty his father shown in making him sleep alone. 

3) If the newspaper had not published the story of a brave boy, there would not have been a discussion about his courage and his father would not have asked him to sleep alone. So Swami cursed the newspaper for publishing the story of the brave boy. 4) If the tiger had not spared the boy and killed him, then the story would have been different, there would not have been a discussion, about courage and bravery between Swami and his father. So Swami wished that the tiger had not spared the boy. 

5) 1) Swami was alone in the room. 

2) The darkness and silence of the room made him frightened. 

3) He remembered the stories of devils. 

4) All these things made him almost faint with fear

The correct answer is Coal energy.

• Non-Renewable Source of Energy
  • Non-renewable energy comes from sources that will run out or will not be replenished in our lifetimes.
  • Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels like coal and petroleum.
• ​Renewable Source of Energy
  • The wind, the sun, and Earth are sources of renewable energy.
  • These energy sources naturally renew or replenish themselves.
• Coal energy
  • Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams.
  • Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form.
  • Coal contains the energy stored by plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swampy forests.
  • The extraction and use of coal cause many premature deaths and many illnesses.

• Tidal energy
  • Tidal energy is harnessed by converting energy from tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity using various methods.
  • Tidal energy has potential for future electricity generation.
  • It can be seen as a long-term energy resource that does no harm to human beings in the form of any pollution and also is available in abundance.
• ​Wind Energy
  • Wind energy, or wind power, is created using a wind turbine, a device that channels the power of the wind to generate electricity.
  • The wind rotates the blades of the turbine, which are attached to a rotor.
  • The rotor then spins a generator to create electricity.
• ​Solar Energy
  • Solar energy is any type of energy that is generated by the sun.
  • ​Solar energy is the cleanest and most abundantly available source of energy.
  • The most common form of solar energy is harnessed by solar panels or photovoltaic cells.

1) The burglar must have stepped on some papers, So it must have made a rustling stone. 

2) ‘He’ here refers to Swami. 

3) Swami thought that it could be a devil. 

4) 1) Swami thought it was a devil. He thought it would drag him from under the bench and tear him into pieces the devil. 

2) But he did not want to give a chance to harm him. 

3) Whenever you are in a danger or risk, you should not let it to consume you. With your spontaneity and right thinking at right time, you’ve to attack and try to overcome it. So Swami also did the right thing by biting the burglar hard. 

5) The burglar made that cry. Swami had bitten him.

The correct answer is Gita Gopinath.

• Gita Gopinath
  • She is an Indian American economist who has been the Chief Economist of the IMF since 2019.
  • She called the worldwide recession of 2020 "The Great Lockdown".
  • In 2019 she has been awarded the Pravasi Bhartiya Samman, the highest honor for a person of Indian origin residing out of India.
• International Monetary Fund
  • ​It is an organization of 190 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth and reduce poverty around the world.
  • Headquarters: Washington D.C.
  • Managing Director: Kristalina Georgieva

• Raghuram Rajan
  • Raghuram Rajan is an Indian economist.
  • He was the 23rd Governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 2013 to 2016.
  • During his tenure at the RBI, he became the Vice-Chairman of the Bank for International Settlements.
  • In 2003 Rajan won the inaugural Fischer Black Prize.
• Arvind Subramaniam
  • ​He is an Indian Economist and the former Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India from 2014 to 2018.
  • In his role as the CEA, he was responsible for bringing out the annual Economic Survey of India, traditionally released prior to the presentation of the union budget in the Parliament.
• Viral Acharya
  • He is an Indian economist who has been appointed as Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
  • He resigned from the post of Deputy Governor of RBI in July 2019. This resignation with 6 months left for the completion of his term brought headlines in the media.

The correct answer is 261 BC.

• Kalinga war took place in the year 261 BC.

• Ashoka fought the Kalinga War in 261 BC in the 8th year of his coronation.
• The king was moved by the massacre in this war and, therefore, abandoned the policy of physical occupation in favour of the policy of cultural conquest.
  • In other words, Bherighosa was replaced by Dhammaghosa.
• The XIII rock edict of Ashoka elaborates the Kalinga war.

• Ashoka (273 BC-232 BC):
  • He was the greatest Mauryan ruler; Governor of Taxila and Ujjain previously. His rule extended to the whole of the sub-continent except the extreme south. It also included Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Kashmir, and the valleys of Nepal.
  • According to Buddhist tradition, Ashoka usurped the throne after killing his 99 brothers and spared Tissa, the youngest one.
  • Ashoka had himself formally crowned in 269 BC.
  • Under Ashoka, the Mauryan Empire reached its climax. For the first time, the whole of the sub-continent, leaving out the extreme south, was under imperial control.
  • He embraced Buddhism under Upagupta.
  • He sent his son Mahendra and daughter Sanghamitra to Ceylon as Buddhist missionaries with a sapling of original peepal tree.
  • He inaugurated Dhamma Yatras from the 11th year of his reign by visiting Bodh Gaya; also appointed Dhamma Mahamatras.

The correct answer is Tumkur.

• Pavagada Solar Park​
  • It is a solar park in Pavagada Taluk, Tumkur district of Karantaka.
  • It was completed in 2019, the park has a capacity of 2,050 MW. As of April 2021.
  • Owners: Karnataka Solar Power Development Corporation Ltd.
  • It is the World's third largest photovoltaic solar park after the 2,245 MW Bhadla Solar Park in Rajasthan and 2,200 MW Huanghe Hydropower Hainan Solar Park in China.
  • This solar park is also known as Shakti Sthala.
  • Shakti Sthala was planned as part of Karnataka’s Solar Policy 2014-2021.
  • This aims at reducing the dependence on traditional power sources by moving to more environment-friendly energy sources.

• India's first solar park is located at Charanka village in Gujarat- Charanka Solar Park.
• It was fully developed by 2014.

The correct answer is Satya Nadella - Apple.

• Satya Nadella
  • He is an Indian-American business executive.
  • He is the Chief Executive Officer of Microsoft since 2014.
  • He is the author of the book Hit Refresh: The Quest to Rediscover Microsoft's Soul and Imagine a Better Future for Everyone.

​

Correct answer is RASHTRAKOOTA

The correct answer is Both statements are correct.

•  Lalchand Hirachand
  • He belonged to the Walchand group.
  • He was the youngest son of Hirachand Doshi.
  • He is also the author an acclaimed book on Ramayana named The Indian epic – Ramayana.
  • He was elected as an independent candidate as a Member of the Bombay Legislative Council, in 1939.
  • After independence, he also became a Member of the Rajya Sabha from 1952 to 1958.
  • Walchand Hirachand Doshi's entrepreneurship in shipping, aviation, and automobile earned him the title of 'Father of transportation of India'.
•  Jaswantrai Anjaria
  • He was a recipient of Padma Shri award in 1957.
  • He is associated with economic sector.
• Both statements are correct.

The correct answer is Social Service.

• Muktaben Dagli
  • She is a social worker from Gujarat.
  • She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2019 for her social service.
  • She works for blind and handicapped people and associated with several organisations.
  • She served as an honorary secretary of Andhjan Mandal (Blind People's Association), Amreli for twelve years.
  • She was awarded the Gandhi Mitra award in 2015.
  • She founded a primary school for the blind in Amreli.
  • She is the executive member of Navchetan Andhjan Mandal, Bhachau

Correct answer is MATALI

The correct answer is the Indian Council of Medical Research.

• Indian Council of Medical Research
  • ​The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi is the highest body in India for the formulation, coordination, and promotion of biomedical research.
  • The ICMR is funded by the Government of India through the Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
  • It was formed in 1911 when it was known as Indian Research Fund Association (IRFA).
  • In 1949, IRFA was renamed ICMR.
  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • The governing body of the ICMR is presided over by the Union Health and Welfare Minister of India.
  • Director-General of the ICMR: Prof. Balram Bhargava.

• Union Health and Family Welfare Minister of India: Dr. Harsh Vardhan (As of May 2021)

The correct answer is India.

• G-7 Countries
  • It is a group of the seven most advanced economies as per the International Monetary Fund.
  • It is an intergovernmental organization that was formed in 1975 by the top economies of the time as an informal forum to discuss pressing world issues.
  • G-7 Countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
  • Summits are held annually and hosted on a rotation basis by the group's members.
  • The host country not only holds the G7 presidency but also sets the agenda for the year.
  • The United Kingdom is holding the G7 presidency for 2021.
  • The G-7 was known as the ‘G-8’ for several years after the original seven were joined by Russia in 1997.
  • The Group returned to being called G-7 after Russia was expelled as a member in 2014 following the latter's annexation of the Crimea region of Ukraine.

“The Indica" was written by Megasthanes.