Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

(i) Production or Manufacturing: Under production function, entrepreneur has to take decision relating to selection of factory site, design and layout, type of products to be manufactured, research and development, product design, etc.

(ii) Marketing: Entrepreneur has to carry out following functions pertaining to marketing aspect namely consumer research, product planning and development, standardisation, packaging, pricing, warehousing, distribution, promotion, etc.

(iii) Accounting: Entrepreneur has to arrange to prepare trading and profit and loss account in order to know the profit or loss incurred out of operation of the business and prepare balance sheet to know the financial status of business at a particular day. Besides, cash flow and fund flow statements are prepared to ensure the adequacy of funds and cash for meeting various working capital needs of the business.

(iv) Finance: An entrepreneur has to take decisions like choosing the right type of financing, framing the best dividend policy, acquiring of funds, efficiently managing fixed and current assets, maximising shareholders wealth and investing of funds efficiently and effectively.

(v) Human Resource Management: Entrepreneur has to estimate the manpower needs of the enterprise and accordingly organise for recruitment procedure, selecting manpower, induction and training, determining compensation structure and incentives, designing motivation programmes, structuring wellbeing measures for employees, putting in place safety mechanism at workplace, performance evaluation and career advancement and structuring social security programmes.

A seller is deemed to be an unpaid seller when : 

(a) the whole of the price has not been paid or

(b) a bill of exchange or other negotiable instrument given to him has been dishonoured. Rights of an Unpaid Seller against the Goods: Where the Property in the Goods has Passed to the Buyer:

Right of Lien: An unpaid seller has a right to retain the goods till he receives the price. But to exercise this lien- 

(i) He must be in possession of goods 

(ii) The goods must have been sold without any condition

• Right of Stoppage in Transit: Where the seller has delivered the goods to a carrier or other bailee for the purpose of transmission to the buyer, but the buyer has not acquired them, then the seller can stop the goods. 
• Right of Resale: The unpaid seller can resell the goods

(iii) Where they are of a perishable nature or

(iv) Where the seller has expressly reserved the right of resale in the contract itself.

Impacts of Globalization:

• Corporations got a competitive advantage from lower operating costs, and access to new raw materials and additional markets.
• Multinational corporations (MNCs) can manufacture, buy and sell goods worldwide.
• Globalization has led to a boom in consumer products market.

Where the Property in the Goods does not pass to the Buyer. 

Right of an Unpaid Seller against the Buyer Personally:

• Suit for price 
• Suit for Damages for Non-acceptance .
• Suit for Cancellation of the Contract before the Due Date- Where the buyer cancels the contract before the date of delivery, the seller may either treat the contract as continuing or wait till the due date.
• Suit for Interest

A bill of exchange and Promissory note may be used for raising funds temporarily. Such a bill is called an ‘accommodation bill’ as it is accepted by the drawee to accommodate the drawer. These are drawn and accepted without consideration with a view to provide funds to one or more parties. There is no trade or debtor-creditor relationship between parties. It is also known as ‘kite bill’ or ‘Wind bill’.

• Drawer – Ram 
• Drawee – Anil 
• Payee – Kumar 
• Endorsee – Kumar

The term goods mean every kind of movable property other than actionable claim and money. 

The goods are classified as follows:

(1) Existing Goods- These goods are owned or possessed by the seller at the time of contract of sale. 

Existing goods may again be divided as:

• Specific Goods- It denotes goods identified and agreed upon at the time of contract of sale.
• Ascertained Goods- The term ‘ascertained goods’ is also used as similar in meaning to specific goods.
• Unascertained Goods- These are goods which are not identified and agreed upon at the time of contract of sale.

(2) Future Goods- These are goods which a seller does not possess at the time of contract of sale, but which will be manufactured or produced or acquired by him after entering into the contract.

(3) Contingent Goods- These are the goods, the acquisition of which by the seller depends upon a contingency (an event which may or may not happen).

According to the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881, a promissory note is “an instrument in writing containing an unconditional undertaking, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to or to the order of a certain person, or to the bearer of the instrument.” 

The following are the features of promissory note 

1. It must be in writing 

2. It must contain an unconditional promise to pay. 

3. It must be signed by the maker 

4. The person to whom payment is to be made must also be certain.

5. The amount payable must be certain. 

6. It should be properly stamped.

A public limited company having its share capital has to pass through two more stages. One of them is capital subscription, steps to be taken at this stage are listed below:

• The fulfilling formalities to raise necessary capital.
• Following the SEBI guidelines in this regard. Issuing prospectus.
• Appointing official banker of the company for receiving application from the investors,
• Passing resolution for making allotments by director.
• Despatch allotment letters to allottees.
• Filing allotment returns with the Registrar.
• Issuing share certificates in exchange for their allotment letter.
• Ensuring collection of minimum subscription.

• Endorser – Santhosh 
• Endorsee – Arunkumar 
• Type – Conditional Endorsement

1. The holder of the bill, Tom should send a notice of dishonour to the drawer, Raju within a reasonable time. Otherwise, the other parties of the bill may deny their liability. 

2. When the bill is dishonoured it is better to get the fact noted with a Notary public.

• If an endorsement is to be valid, it must possess the following requisites:
• Endorsement is to be made on the face of the instrument or on its back.
• When there is no space for making further endorsements a piece of paper can be attached
• Endorsement for only a part of the amount of the instrument is invalid.
• Endorsement is complete only when delivery of the instrument is made.
• Signing in block letters does not constitute regular endorsement.
• If the payee is an illiterate person, he can endorse it by affixing his thumb impression on the instrument.

1. Blank Endorsement: The endorser simply puts his signature, without mentioning the name of the endorsee. 

2. Special Endorsement: The endorser mentions the name of the endorsee along with his signature on the back of the Instrument. 

3. Restrictive Endorsement: Restrictlnq further endorsement. 

4. Sans – Recourse Endorsement: If the bill is dishonoured the holder cannot have recourse to the endorser. 

5. Facultative Endorsement: Endorsement made by waiving some right of the endorser.

An endorsement is a written order on the back of the instrument by the payee or the holder, for transferring his right to another person. The person who makes the endorsement is called endorser and in whose favour the endorsement is made is called the endorsee.

Correct Answer is: (a) Public

Livestock Entrepreneur Supply Services Unlike.

Corporate entrepreneur is called promoter. He/she takes initiative necessary to start an entity under corporate format.

It is very simple to book an air ticket online. First you have to select whether it is a one way trip or round trip. Then select the travelling dates – for one way trip select the starting date and for round trip select the return date too. Then you have to select the source and destination cities. You can scroll down through all major cities and towns in India. Once the source and destination is selected then you have to specify number of passengers including children and infants. After giving all these details, click on search and it will display all available flights from different airlines on the particular date.

After selecting your convenient flight, click on Book button to go to the billing page. In the billing page, you have to enter your personal details including email id and phone number. It will take you to the payment page for selecting a payment option. Most airlines accept two types of payment - one is through a credit or debit card and next is via a net banking account.

Select your payment method and fill the necessary details. Once this step is completed, you will get a confirmation page and one email in your specified email id within few seconds.

Essentials of a good filing system are:

1. Compactness– Filing system should be compact which means that it should not take unnecessary space. 

2. Economical – Filing system should be economical in terms of time, space, money and operation which mean s that the cost of installation of filing equipment should be as low as possible. 

3. Flexibility – Filing system should be flexible so that it can be expanded or contracted in case of need. 

4. Easy location – The record should be placed at that place where it should be easily located when required for reference without any delay. 

5. Safety – Filing system should be such that proper safety of records is ensured from dust, water, fire, theft, insects, etc.

Requisites of a valid meeting:

a) Notice of a Meeting: Notice of a meeting means advance information or intimation of a meeting so that the person receiving it gets an opportunity to prepare himself/herself for it. The notice of a meeting should contain the day, date, time and venue of the meeting. It must also indicate the purpose and nature of the meeting. Issuing notice to all the members who are supposed to attend the meeting is mandatory and obligatory. The notice must be served in the manner prescribed as per the rules or constitution of the organization or body concerned. Notice should always be in writing.

b) Agenda of a Meeting: It is a practice to send an agenda along with the notice to the members who have to attend the meeting. An agenda is a programme of the items of the business to be discussed at a meeting in the order in which they are to be taken. The purpose of agenda is to let all the members of the committee or organization give adequate information so as to enable them, prior to the meeting, ponder over the items of business to be discussed.

c) Quorum of a Meeting: The word “quorum” is defined as the minimum number of members who must be present at a meeting as required by the constitution or rules. No important decisions can be taken or business transacted in a meeting without a proper quorum. A meeting is not properly constituted if the quorum is not present and any business transacted at such a meeting will be invalid. The main purpose of having a quorum is to prevent a small minority from taking decisions which may be unacceptable to the majority of the members .

d) Chairperson of a Meeting: In the context of a meeting, Chairperson is the person who presides over a meeting. The person in charge of a meeting or organization is referred to as the Chair , or sometimes the Chairperson.

e) Motions and Resolutions: A motion is a proposal put before a meeting for its consideration and decision. The business of a meeting is transacted through motions. -A resolution is defined as the formal decision of the meeting on any proposal put before it. A resolution if adopted and recorded in the minutes becomes the official decision of the meeting.

f) Adjournment of a Meeting: It means suspending the proceedings of the meeting either for a particular time or indefinitely. Subject to the articles, rules or constitution of an organization, the Chairperson, with the consent of members of the meeting, may adjourn it in order to postpone further discussion. If it is carried, the meeting is adjourned to the agreed date or indefinitely.

When the shares are issued at a price below the face value they are said to be issued at a discount. For example, a share having the face value of Rs 10 is issued at Rs 8. The companies act 2013, prohibits the issue of shares at discount (Section 53), except sweat Equity share.

In every contract of sale, there are certain expressed and implied conditions and warranties. The term implied conditions means conditions which can be inferred from or guessed from the context of the contract.

Following are the implied conditions:

• Conditions as to Title
• Conditions as to Description
• Sale by Sample
• Conditions as to Quality or Fitness
• Conditions as to Merchantability
• Condition as to Wholesomeness
• Condition Implied by Trade Usage 

Following are the implied warranties:

• Quiet Possession
• Free from Any Encumbrances
• Warranty in the case of Dangerous Goods

//Coding for jButton1 (“Calculate the area” button) 

private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) 

{ 

double a,b; 

a=Double.parseDouble(jTextField1.getText()); 

b=a*a; jTextField2.setText(Double.toString(b));

 }

//Coding for jButton2 (“Calculate the perimeter” button) 

private void jButton3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) 

{ 

doublea,c; 

a=Double.parseDouble(jTextField1.getText()); 

c=4*a; jTextField3.setText(Double.toString(c)); 

}

 //Coding for jButton4 (“Refresh” button)

 private void jButton4ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) 

{

 jTextField1.setText(" ");jTextField2.setText(" ");jTextField3.setText(" ");

 } 

//Coding for jButton5 (“stop” button)

private void jButton5ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) 

{ 

System.exit(0);

}

Builds connection, Build trusts, Identifies & solve problems.

(I) Taking initiative 

(ii) Seeking & acting on opportunity 

(iii) Persistence 

(iv) Information seeking 

(v) Concern for high quality

Correct answer is

D. All of the above

Self-motivation is important because 

• It increases individual’s energy and activity. 
• It directs an individual towards specific goals. 
• It results in initiation and persistence of specific activities 
• It affects cognitive processes and learning strategies used for completing similar tasks.

• Use less Heat and Air Conditioning 
• Drive less and Drive Smart 
• Use less hot water 
• Use the off switch 
• Buy energy efficient

1. credit, debit card or by internet banking etc

2.

 • A customer does not have sufficient time to visit stores. 

• Visiting a store is more expensive than purchasing a product online. 

• A product or service that is not available in the local market is available online. etc  

3.Flipkart , amazon, Myntra etc

4. Cash On Delivery

The key drivers of green job are forestry, farming, mining or fishing among others; concentrate on environmental factors like:

• Protecting water sources and biodiversity 
• Reducing greenhouse gas emissions 
• Support social protections and workers' rights; and home in on specific parts of production processes

Budget is an estimate of Revenue and expenditure for the coming year.

Common personality disorders are:

a) Paranoid 

b) Antisocial 

c) Schizoid 

d) Borderline 

e) Narcissistic 

f) Avoidant 

g) Dependent 

h) Obsessive

Price at which house bought by  Asif = Rs.50000

Profit earned by Asif, when selling to Maya = 20%

SP for Asif = CP for Maya = [(100 + 20)/100] × 50000 = Rs.60000

SP for Maya = CP for Reshma = Rs.45000

Profit earned by Maya on selling the house = 15%

So, the SP for Maya = [(100 + 15)/100] × 45000 = Rs.51750

Hence, the difference between the amount paid by Asif to buy the house and the SP for Maya = 51750 - 50000 = Rs.1750

∴ The extra amount at which Reshma has sold the house when compared to the price at which Asif had bought it is Rs.1750

Price at which Disha purchased the dress = 900

Profit for Disha, when selling to Vishal = 10%

So, the SP for Disha = [(100 + 10)/100] × 900 = 990

Hence, CP for Vishal = Rs.990

Loss for Vishal on selling the dress = 20%

So, the SP for Vishal = [(100 – 20)/100] × 990 = 792

Hence, CP for Vilas = Rs.792

Also, SP for Vilas = Rs.500

Loss for Vilas = [(792 – 500)/792] × 100 = 36.87%

∴ The percentage of loss earned by Vilas is approximately 37%

Various new ways of money collection include – 

• Use of debit cards/credit cards, swiping the card and making payment 
• Electronic funds transfer 
• Cash-on-delivery (COD) 
• Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) – used in case of large payments 

Loyal customers

Given:

Total number of watches = 18

SP of each watch = Rs. 250

Profit = CP of 2 watch

Concept:

Consider the CP of each watch be 'y'. Write the CP of total watches, then proceed to calculate the answer.

Formula used:

Profit = Selling Price - Cost price

Calculation:

Let, the CP of each watch = y

CP of 18 watches = 18y

SP of 1 watch = Rs. 250

⇒ SP of 18 watches = 18 × 250 = Rs. 4500

∵ Profit = Selling Price - Cost price

⇒ 2y = 4500 – 18y

⇒ 2y + 18y = 4500

⇒ 20y = 4500

⇒ y = 4500/20

⇒ y = Rs. 225

Given:

Cost price = Rs.3,900

One of them was sold at a profit of 25% and another at loss of 30%

Concept:

Loss amount = Cost price – selling price

Calculation:

Let, Cost price of first article = Rs.x

Then, Cost price of second article = Rs.(3900 – x)

From question,

x{1 +(25/100)} = (3900 – x){1 – (30/100)}

⇒ 5x/2 = (7/5) × (3900 – x)

⇒ 25x = 14 × 3900 – 14x

⇒ 39x = 14 × 3900

⇒ x = Rs.1,400

First article cost = Rs.1,400

Second article cost = 3900 – 1400 = Rs.2,500

Selling price of First article = 1400 × (125/100) = Rs.1,750

Selling price of Second article = 2500 × (70/100) = Rs.1,750

Total selling price of two articles = 1750 + 1750 = Rs.3,500

Loss amount = 3900 – 3500 = Rs.400

∴ Amount of overall loss is Rs.400.

Concept:

Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit

Profit % is calculated on cost price,

Calculation:

10% of 3000 = Rs. 300

Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit

= Rs. (3000 + 300)

= Rs. 3300

Formulae Used:

Simple Interest (SI), on a Principal P for a time period of T years, at a rate of R% per annum, is:

SI = (P × R × T)/100

Amount received at Simple Interest = P + SI

Amount received on a principal at a rate of R% per annum for a time period of T, when compounded annually:

Amount = P × [1 + (R/100)]^T

Calculation:

Let the money initially with A be Rs.x

So, the amount received by B after 1 year = x + [(x × 6 × 1)/100] = 1.06x

This amount becomes the principal for B

So, the amount collected with C after the second year is:

Amount = 1.06x × [1 + (10/100)]¹ = 1.166x

So, when B collects this money back from C, the profit made by him is:

[(1.166x – 1.06x)/1.06x] × 100 = 10%

∴ The profit of B in the overall transaction is 10%

Old ratio (A and B) = 5 : 3

C is admitted for 3/10th share of profit

A's sacrifice in favour of C = 1/5

B's sacrifice in favour of C = 1/10

New ratio = Old ratio - Sacrifcing ratio

A's new ratio = (5/8) - (1/5) = 17/40

B's new ratio = (3/8) - (1/10) = 11/40

C's share = 3/10 or 12/40

Therefore, new profit sharing ratio of A : B : C is 17 : 11 : 12

‘Stream of Consciousness’ is a method of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the mind of the character. It is different from the dramatic monologue or soliloquy, where the speaker addresses the audience or the third person.

चेतना का प्रवाह वर्णन की एक शैली है, जो कि पात्रों के मस्तिष्क में चल रहे विचारों के प्रवाह का शब्दों में वर्णन करती है। यह नाटकीय एकालाप या आत्म-भाषण से भिन्न है जहाँ कि, वक्ता श्रोताओं को या third person को सम्बोधित करता है।

E. specific heat of the slab

C. the energy absorbed by the substance as heat

C. a change in momentum of a gas molecule during a collision with the wall

(a) Swami Vivekananda