Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The correct answer is d only.

• The Climatic Regions of Rajasthan by Koeppen are Four.
  • Aw
  • BShw
  • BWhw
  • Cwg

• Aw:
  • It is Tropical Humid region.
  • This type of climate is found in the southern part of the Rajasthan.
  • It covers the areas of Dungarpur, Banswara, Chittorgarh and Jhalawar.
  • Here the temperature range is as follows.
    • Summer - 30-34 degree
    • Winter - 12-15 degree
  • Yearly Rain - 80 cm i.e. 800 mm 
  •  Vegetation - 
    • Deciduous trees of Monsoon type
    • Dense
    • Savanna like region
    • Arid Tropical grassland
  • In Mount Abu, the average rainfall is 150 cm.
• BShw:
  • It is Semi-Arid.
  • It is found in the Western side of Aravali.
  • It covers the areas of Barmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Nagore, Churu, Sikar, Jhunjhunu.
  • Average Rainfall - 20-40 cm
  • Here the temperature range is as follows.
    • Summer - 32-35 degree
    • Winter - 5-10 degree
  •  Vegetation -
    • Steppe
      • In physical geography, a steppe is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees.
    • Thorny bushes and grasses.
• BWhw:
  • It is the Arid Hot Desert region.
  • It covers the areas of Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Shriganganar, Hanumangarh.
  • Average Rainfall - 10-20 cm
  • Here the temperature is as follows.
    • Summer - 35 degree
    • Winter - 12-18 degree
    • Vegetation -
      • Vegetation less
      • Scanty Rainfall
      • Tough environment
      • Process of evaporation is very active.
• Cwg:
  • It is Sub Humid, Monsoonal type.
  • It is located at the southeastern part of the Aravali.
  • Areas - Hadoti, Mewat and Dang areas i.e Rajsamand, Bhilwara, Tonk, Dausa, Sawai Madhopur, Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Kota, Baran, Northern Chittorgarh.
  • Here Bhihad is found.

The correct answer is the Southern most region.

• Coppen climate classification - Koeppen's climate classifications are as follows:
• Aw or Tropical Humid region - Southernmost part of Rajasthan Banswara and Dungarpur districts.

• The Winter season is arid and cool whereas summers experience scorching heat.
• Rainfall also mainly occurs in the summer seasons.

• BShw or Semi Arid-The region comprises the district of Barmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Churu, Sikar Jhunjhunu, and Hanumangarh.

• Winter is dry and even in summer, there is no sufficient amount of rainfall.

• BWhw - Desert climate.
• Cwg - Southern eastern of Aravalli.

Feedback does not play any role in Active Listening - false

Satlaj River Bhakda Nagal Project is Situated.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Print_Series2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        int n,i,pr=0;
       System.out.printf("Enter the range of number(Limit):");
        n=sc.nextInt();
        for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            pr=(pr*2)+1;
            System.out.print(pr+" ");
        }
        sc.close();
    }
}

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()
{
char ch;
FILE *fp = fopen (“Student.txt”, “w”);
clrscr ();
if (fp = = NULL)
{
perror (“Error in opening file”);
exit (1);
}
ch = getc (stdin);
while (ch ! = ‘*’)
{
void main ()
{
char ch;
FILE *fp = fopen (“Student.txt”, “a”);
clrscr ( );
if (fp = = NULL)
}

The correct option is (a) 0.

1x + 1x + 2x = 180°, x = 45°.

∠A, ∠B and ∠C are 45°, 45° and 90°resp.

secA/cosec B – tanA/cot B

= sec 45/cosec 45 – tan 45/cot 45

= √2/√2 – 1/1

= 1 - 1

= 0

North-East Monsoon/ Retreating Monsoon.

• Protects from foreign invasions from the north since ancient time onwards. 
• Obstructs the monsoon winds and causes rainfall throughout North India. 
• Prevents the dry cold wind blowing from north from entering India during winter. 
• Causes the emergence of diverse flora and fauna 
• Forms the source of many perennial rivers. 
• The region has a remarkable role in the formation of the Northern Great Plains. which is the food bowl of India. 
• Attracts tourists and mountaineers. Tourism is ail Important source of income of this region. 
• Supports an indigenous culture.

(a). Kerala receives more rainfall within a day than the annual rainfall received in Rajasthan.

(b). Nearness to ocean Latitude 

(c). The Western Ghats block the Arabian Sea branch of south west monsoon and cause heavy rainfall in the south west parts of India. One branch of the Bay of Bengal branch of south west monsoon reaches the north eastern states through the Brahmaputra plains and causes heavy rainfall there. The Khasi and Garo hills block the winds and cause rainfall.

The history of the Roman Empire is usually divided into two phases the Early Empire and the Late Empire. The Early Empire is the history up to the end of the 3^rd century. The later period from the 4^th to the 7^th century is the. Late Empire. It is also called the Late Antiquity.

The Western ghats obstruct the rain bearing Arabian sea branch of southwest monsoon winds and cause heavy rainfall on the western margins in the state of Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, and Maharashtra. But the east of Western Ghats receives only less rainfall. This is because by the time the monsoon winds cross the Western Ghats and reach the east, the moisture content in them will be lost. This is the reason why Tamil Nadu gets scanty rainfall during southwest monsoon period while Kerala receives heavy rainfall. The eastern part of Western Ghats is a rain shadow region.

The Europeans who went to the Americas have given details of their journeys in their diaries and logbooks (the books in which details of the voyage are recorded). The records and writing of officials arid the Jesuit missionaries are also very important. Europeans have written a lot about the discovery of the Americas, North, and South. They have written more about their migration but their descriptions about the indigenes are very few.

In both the Americas (North and South) and the nearby islands, people have been living for thousands of years. There were migrations from Asia and from the islands of the South Ocean. South America was a region full of forests and hills, The longest river in the world Amazon flows mostly through dense forests. In Mexico, Central America, there were many dense human habitations. In the forest areas, there were also scattered villages.

During the northeast monsoon period, low pressure areas are formed over the Bay of Bengal and attract air from land. The monsoon winds which blow from land to ocean get moisture from the Bay of Bengal and move in south-east direction. These winds cause heavy rainfall over the Coromandel coast.

I agree with the view that slavery was the worst and brutal result of geographical discoveries. Slavery was not a new idea. But in South America, this was a new thing. The special feature of slavery in South America was that the increasing capitalist production system followed this brutal idea. The circumstances in which the slaves worked were terrible. But the Spaniards thought that such type of exploitation was necessary for their economic gains.

The Portuguese occupied Brazil by mere accident. In 1500 a effect of ships under Pedro Alvarez Cabral traveled to India. His ships were caught in a storm and they reached present-day Brazil. Thus Cabral got the name for discovering Brazil. Since Brazil was in the Eastern part of South America which the Pope had allowed the Portuguese to capture, Cabral claimed that Brazil was theirs.

Following Columbus there was a ow of Spanish navigators and migrants into America. They tried to colonize the Central and Southern regions of America. They used their military power, gunpowder, and horses to do it. From the local people, they collected tributes. They made the indigenes work in the gold and silver mines. After the first discovery, the Spanish established a residential center there. They made the local people work there. With the help of the local chiefs, they made explorations into the interiors of the country and tried to nd new gold mines.

Cortes and the Aztecs: Cortes and his warriors were known as Conquistadores. They attacked Mexico. In 1519, Cortes went from Cuba to Mexico. There he established a friendship with a group called Totonacs who wanted to secede from the Aztec rule. The Aztec ruler Montezuma sent an officer to meet Cortes, the officer was terrified at the zeal for war shown by the Spaniards, their gunpowder and horses. Montezuma was made to believe that Cortes was a reincarnation of some deity and he has come to take revenge on him.

Even then the Aztecs resisted the Spaniards. In a battle called The Night of Tears, some 600 conquistadores and Tiaxcalans, their allies, were killed. Cortes was forced to retreat to Tlaxcala. He then made fresh plans against the new king of the Aztecs Cuauhtenoc. By this time many Aztecs began to die from the small pox the Europeans had brought with them. With just 150 soldiers and 30 horses, Cortes moved into Tenochtitlan. The Aztecs felt their end was near and the Aztec king surrendered. Later he was executed.

Cortes completed the conquest of Mexico and then he became the Captain-General of Spain in Mexico. From Mexico, the Spaniards extended their control to Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Honduras.

Pizarro and the Incas: Pizarro was quite different from Cortes. He was a poor man with no education. He joined the army and in 1502 he reached the Caribbean. He had heard that the Inca Empire was full of gold and silver. He tried many times to reach there from the Pacific. Once when he was returning home, he happened to meet the Spanish king. He showed the king some Inca golden plates with beautiful carvings on them. The greed of the king was roused. He promised Pizarro that if he conquered the Inca Empire, he would make him the governor of the place. Pizarro tried to follow the path of Cortes. But when he found that the situation was different in the Inca Empire, he was disappointed.

in 1532, after an internal conflict, Atahualpa occupied the throne of the Inca Empire. At this time Pizarro appeared and trapped the king. The king promised to give Pizarro enough gold to fill a room if he was left free. This was the highest ransom ever recorded in history. But Pizarro did not succumb to this offer. He killed the king and his followers looted the entire Inca Empire. They also occupied it.

• Based on the topographic characteristics India can be divided into Northern mountain regions, Northern Great Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal plains, and Islands.
• Mention the influence of Northern plains in the life of Indians. (Food crops, sugarcane, cities, and towns, industrial centers, densely populated regions)
• Mention the role of Northern mountains in the life of Indians
• Mention the life of people in the Peninsular plateau, (mineral deposits, industrial centers)
• Mention the influence of coastal plains and islands in life of people (fertile soil, nuclear power production, and fishing).

India Hugli industrial region is situated in West Bengal. 

The sudden heating of the land compared to the sea results in the formation of a low pressure region. This difference in pressure causes the winds to blow from the Indian Ocean to the land. The southeast winds in the southern hemisphere become southwest winds on reaching the northern hemisphere due to Coriolis effect - Southwest monsoon As a result of the cooling of land areas in the northern hemisphere compared to the surrounding oceans the pressure increases. This difference in pressure causes the winds to blow from the northeast in the northern hemisphere. The northeast monsoon causes rainfall in Tamilnadu, Karnataka and Kerala.

It was urbanization that enabled the Emperor to rule and control the vast Roman Empire which had 60 million people and extensive and diverse regions. The real strength of the imperial administration was.

the great urban centers in the Mediterranean shores. Carthage, Alexandria, and Antioch were big urban centers of those times. It was through the cities that taxes from the rural areas of the provinces were collected by the Government. A good measure of the income of the empire came from rural areas. 

The Upper classes in the Provinces cooperated with the Roman Administration in administering their areas and to collect taxes. The Provinces and the Upper classes there were an integral part of the Roman administration. In the 2^nd and 3^nd centuries it was the Upper Classes in the Provinces that supplied the Cadres and army commanders for the Provincial administration.

Gradually, they became a new elite class of administrators and army commanders. Since they had the backing of the Emperors, they were able to become stronger than the senators. Emperors like Gallienus helped the new elite class to establish. themselves. Gallienus avoided senators from any position in the army. Thus he prevented the imperial administration falling into their hands. This strengthened the hands of the elite class.

In short, during the Early Roman Empire period, the importance of the Provinces increased tremendously. The majority of the Cadres in the administration as well as in the army were from the Provinces. As the power of the Provinces increased, the importance of Italy was lost.

Even her dominance in the Senate was lost. Until the 3^rd century Italy had dominated the Senator As the members from the Provinces increased in the Senate, Italy’s position became weak. Thus Italy degenerated politically and economically and an urbanized and new elite class began to come up.

Urban centers which contained villages and which had their own magistrates and corporations were called “Cities” by the Romans. Villages were under, the jurisdiction of the Citie. Some Villages were able to raise themselves to the status of cities. The reverse also happened. Cities became villages. lt all depended on the sweet will of the government.

Living in cities had an advantage. Curing famine the distribution of food in the cities was far better than in villages. Public baths were another important feature of the. Roman urban life. The people in the Roman cities used to enjoy entertainment of high standards. One Roman calendar shows that there were shows of various kinds on 176 days a year.

• Mahanadi/Godavari/Krishna/Kaveri/ Narmada/ Tapti
• Anyone tributary for the rivers mentioned.

Geographical discoveries definitely had far reaching impacts on Europe, the Americas, and Africa. From the 15^th century, some sea routes from Ocean to Ocean were known. But most of these routes were quite unknown to the Europeans. Not even a single ship had ever reached the Caribbean or the Americas. In the Southern Atlantic, nobody had done any exploration. No ship entered there or traveled toward the Pacific or Indian Ocean. But by the end of the 15^th century and the beginning of the 16th, all this became old stories. Adventurous navigators reached all these places. The discovery of the Americas had big repercussions on Europe, The ow of silver and gold from the newly discovered regions helped international trade and industrialization.

Between 1500 and 1600, each year hundreds of ships loaded with silver from South American mines readied Spain. But neither Spain nor Portugal made use of it for their internal development or welfare of the common people. They used it to develop trade or to build their naval power.

But England, France, Belgium, and Holland benefitted from the discoveries. Their merchants formed joint-stock companies and started trade trips. They established colonies in the newly discovered regions and brought new-world products like tobacco, potato, sugar, coco, pepper, and rubber into Europe. Soon the American produce became familiar to the Europeans. The Europeans then took them to places like India.

Geographical discoveries were ruinous to the indigenous people of the Americas. Many of the local people there were killed. Their culture and lifestyles were destroyed. They had to work like slaves in mines, estates, and mills.

Before the coming of the Europeans, there were some 70 million indigenes in the Americas. After a century and a half, their number was reduced to 3.5 million. It was wars and diseases that destroyed them.

In the duel between ancient American and European cultures, the Aztec-Inca cultures were completely ruined. Europeans used a war strategy that terrifed the local people psychologically and physically. This also showed the differences in their values. The local people did not realize the depth of the greed of the Spaniards for gold and silver.

Iron ore is produced from haematite ore.

The correct answer is Assam.

• Digboi Oil Refinery, commissioned on 11th December 1901, is India's oldest operating refinery and one of the oldest operating refineries in the world. It is located in Assam.

Assam

• Kamarupa is the old name of Assam.
• Dispur is the capital of Assam.
• Assam is known as the 'Tea Garden of India'.
• Assam is the leading producer of tea in India.
• Assam is known as the 'Gateway to the North Eastern States of India'.
• Assam shares international boundaries with Bhutan and Bangladesh.
• Guwahati is known as the 'light of the east'.
• Guwahati High court is the largest jurisdiction in terms of states (4 states).
• Jorhat is the cultural capital of Assam.
• The Brahmaputra is known as Sorrow of Assam.
• Manas National Park is famous for Royal Bengal Tigers.
• Kaziranga National Park is famous for its one-horned rhinoceros.
• Orang National Park is known as the Mini Kaziranga.
• Dibru Saikhova in Assam is the smallest biosphere reserve in India.
• Majuli Island is the biggest riverine island in the world is situated in the river Brahmaputra.

• Bhupen Hazarika Bridge or Dhola Sadiya bridge is the longest bridge in India, over the River Lohit, in Assam.

Gujarat

• Gandhinagar is the capital of Gujarat.
• Gujarat is known as 'the Land of Legends'.
• Gujarat has the longest coastline in India.
• Kandla is the first Special Economic Zone in India.
• The first four-lane Express Highway in India was established in Gujarat (Ahmedabad to Vadodara). It is known as National Expressway 1 or MahatmaGandhi Expressway 1.
• Largest Oil Refinery in India - Jamnagar Oil Refinery (Reliance).
• The Gir National Park in Gujarat is famous for Asiatic Lions.
• Ran of Kutch is the largest biosphere in India
• The tallest statue in the world - Sardar Vallabhai Patel (182 meters) known as the Statue of Unity in Vadodara on the banks of the Narmada river in Gujarat.
• The first Railway Univesity in India is in Vadodara.
• Judicial Capital of Gujarat - Ahmedabad

Odisha

• The old name of Odhisa was Kalinga.
• The tagline of Odhisa is "The soul of Incredible India".
• Bhubaneswar is the capital of Odhisa and known as the 'Temple city' and 'Cathedral city of India'.
• Rourkela is the industrial capital of Odhisa.
• Cuttack is the cultural capital of Odhisa.
• The high court of Odhisa is situated in Cuttack
• Konark Sun Temple is known as 'Black Pagoda' is at Odhisa.
• Jaganatha Temple is situated at Puri in Odhisa.
• Chilka Lake is the largest saline water lake in India.
• Hirakud is the longest dam in the world built across the Mahanadi river.
• The Mahanadi is known as Sorrow of Odhisa.
• Nandankanan Tiger Reserve is famous for White Tigers.
• Paradip is the major seaport of Odhisa.

Uttar Pradesh

• Lucknow is the capital of Uttar Pradesh.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
• Uttar Pradesh is the 'Sugar Bowl of India'.
• Uttar Pradesh has the largest number of monuments in India.
• Uttar Pradesh has the maximum membership (80 seats) in the Lok Sabha.
• Uttar Pradesh shares its boundary with the most number of states in India (9 states - Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh including Delhi and Nepal).
• Asia's first DNA bank is in Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh.
• Uttar Pradesh is the state through which most numbers of the National Highways pass.

Black soil : Suitable for cotton cultivation, high fertility. 

Red soil: Red in colour because of the presence of iron content.

• Agriculture : Cotton, pulses, groundnut, sugarcane, maize, ragi, chilli, etc. are the major agricultural crops of this region. – 
• Mining : Iron ore, coal, manganese, bauxite, limestone, etc. are the major minerals found here. 
• Industries : Agro-based industries and mineral-based industries are found.

• Life of people in different physiographic divisions. Influence of the climatic types in the life of Indians
• The role of rivers in the life of Indians.

Jamnagar is India’s largest oil refinery. 

• Black soil, Red soil, Laterite soil 
• Peculiar features of each soil type

Alluvial soil, the most fertile soil is found in the Great Plains. The Great Plain is known as the granary of India. The Himalayan rivers flowing through the plains provide water throughout the year. Flatland enables the construction of good network of roads and railways. India’s agriculture and industries are concentrated here. Road, rail and canal transport help to carry people and goods. Due to these reasons, the Northern Great Plains are the most densely populated region in India.

Northern Great Plains situated between Northern mountain system and Peninsular plateau play a decisive role in the economic development of India. Northern Great Plains is formed due to the continuous depositional activity of the Himalayan rivers. With several thousand kilometers of thickness, these plains spread to about 7 lakh km . This plain is one of the world’s most extensive alluvial plains. The plains are also known as Indo- Gangetic Brahmaputra plain.

Alluvial soils are the major type of soil in there plains. There soils are highly fertile.

So there plains are called the backbone of Indian agriculture. The Northern Plains are also known as the granary of India. Major crops cultivated here are wheat, maize, paddy, sugarcane, cotton and pulses. Fertile soils, flat land and the availability of water throughout the year attract people to these plains. So it is the most densely populates region in India. A variety of food crops and cash crops which add to the economic prosperity of India are produced here.

Along with agriculture, many agro-based industries and mineral-based industries are located here. The growth of industries paved the way for the emergence of many cities. The major Indian cities are located in these plains. The plains have well connected road and railway network which help to transport goods to different parts of the country. The Great Plains are the birthplace of Indian culture. Many Hindu pilgrim centers are located here. Thus the Great Plains help in the cultural life of India also.

Compact settlement is mainly found in the alluvial soil region of India.

• Extensive and level topography 
• High density of population.
• Necessity of various means of transportation for agriculture, industry, etc.

1. West Bengal 

2. Bihar 

3. Rajastan 

4. Punjab 

5. Uttarakhand

6. U.P 

7. Assam

• Hard crystalline rocks 
• Most extensive and old landform 
• Area of 15 sq. km 
• Storehouse of minerals 
• Presence of black soil

1. Peninsular plateau 

2. East-flowing – Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri 

3. West-flowing – Narmada, Tapti

• it is one of the intensive alluvial plains in the world
• One of the most densely populated regions in the world
• Known as the granary of India.

• Northern great 
• plains Coastal 
• plains Riverbanks

The Northern Great plains are formed by the alluvial deposits of Himalayan rivers. This is one of the largest alluvial plains of the world. Since it has a flat topography, construction of roads, rail and canals is easy.

• These Peninsular rivers originate from Peninsular plateau 
• East flowing rivers – Godavari, Kaveri, Mahanadi, Krishna 
• West flowing rivers – Narmada, Tapti

Between Northern mountains and peninsular plateau.

England, France, China

a. Northern Great Plains are formed by the continuous depositional work of the Himalayan’ rivers Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries. 

b. These rivers originate from northern mountain 

c. The alluvial soil formed by the Himalayan rivers is highly fertile. So this region is the backbone of Indian agriculture and so known as the granary of India. This is one of the most densely populated regions also.

Alluvial soil.