Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The major responsibilities of the CFT are:

• Mobilisation and raising awareness among potential job seekers about their entitlements and procedures under MGNREGA; 
• Facilitate preparation of the Annual Plan each year for every GP within the cluster resulting in a shelf of works and annual labour and material budget. 
• Prepare plans for such components in consultation with the GPs where there are significant externalities beyond the boundaries of a single GP. The CFT would ensure GS approval for such Perspective Plans. 
• Work with elected representatives and functionaries on all aspects of planning and implementation of MGNREGA including asset verification, measurement, payment, monitoring & evaluation, NREGASoft maintenance and Social Audit. 
• Train and provide technical guidance to elected representatives and functionaries such as Community Resource Persons (barefoot professionals), Gram Rozgar Sahayaks, GP members and GP Secretaries. 
• Conduct random checks of the measurements taken by the Technical Assistants. 
• Do resource mapping, an assessment of quantitative and qualitative status of natural resources (topography, soil depth and quality, rainfall, water bodies, groundwater, vegetation)
• Assess the additional resources required.

Proenzymes

The enzymes are protein in nature and they are generally produced in an inactive form in order to prevent their action body tissues. The best example is the digestive enzymes which are secreted in form of zymogens (Pepsinogen, Trypsinogen etc.,) which remain inactive in the cells in which they are produced. They are activated by proteolytic cleavage. The inactive form of the enzymes called the zymogens or proenzymes or enzyme precursors. 

1 . Nuclei contain two sets of homologous Chromosome

2 . Chromosome retain indentify and are gentically continuous throught the life cycle

3 . The two set of homologous chromosomes are funtionally equivalent

Risk and Return:

In investing, risk and return are highly correlated. Increased potential returns on investment usually go hand-in-hand with increased risk. Different types of risks include project-specific risk, industry-specific risk, competitive risk, international risk, and market risk. Return refers to either gains and losses made from trading a security.

Risk Profile:

If there is one thing that the equity market is associated with, it is ‘risk’. Per a strictly financial definition, risk refers to volatility in the market. However, several investors associate the term along the lines of losing out on their money or suffering fluctuations for which they were not prepared.

Since risk has such a hefty bearing on investment decisions of individuals, it is important to have an understanding of the risk profile to manage risks effectively.

1. Support Your Team by Reviewing Work Frequently

2. Support Your Team by Sticking Up For Them

3. Support Your Team By Communicating Accountability

4. Support Your Team By Setting Standards

Correct option is A) cheaply / easily

Correct option is A) one-fourth

Correct option is A) turn / down

Correct option is B) brought on

Types of Transpiration: Transpiration is of following three types: 

1. Stomatal transpiration: Stomata are microscopic structures present in high number on the lower epidermis of leaves. This is the most dominant form of transpiration and being responsible for most of the water loss (90 – 95%) in plants. 

2. Lenticular transpiration: In stems of woody plants and trees, the epidermis is replaced by periderm because of secondary growth. In order to provide gaseous exchange between the living cells and outer atmosphere, some pores which looks like lens – shaped raised spots are present on the surface of the stem called Lenticels. The loss of water from lenticels is very insignificant as it amounts to only 0.1% of the total.

3. Cuticular transpiration: The cuticle is a waxy or resinous layer of cutin, a fatty substance covering the epidermis of leaves and other plant parts. Loss of water through cuticle is relatively small and it is only about 5 to 10 % of the total transpiration. The thickness of cuticle increases in xerophytes and transpiration is very much reduced or totally absent.

Dam, structure built across a stream, a river, or an estuary to retain water. Dams are built to provide water for human consumption, for irrigating arid and semiarid lands, or for use in industrial processes.

While constructing dams the base is made more wider because a lot of water inside the dam increases the pressure on the ground and if the base will be little bit thinner than the dam can be broken or damaged and may result to a massive flood therefore the dam's bases made wilder.

The following are the reasons for water scarcity in India.

•  Increased demand for water: The growing population needs more water for domestic purposes and to produce more food. 
• Agricultural purposes: For agricultural purposes, water resources are being over-exploited. More food needs to be grown for the increasing population.  
• Intensive industrialisation and urbanisation: The increasing number of industries ‘ need more water and power to run the machinery. Hydroelectric power contributes twenty-two per cent of the electricity produced. The urban centres with large population and modern lifestyles have added to the problem of water scarcity. 
• Over-exploitation of water resources: In some cities, housing societies have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their needs. This has caused the depletion of water resources in several areas. 
• Bad quality of water: The water is getting polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemical pesticides and fertilizers.

Increase of mineral nutrients more than the normal concentration causes toxicity. A concentration, at which 10 % of the dry weight of tissue is reduced, is considered as toxic.

(i) Precondition for life : Water is necessary for life on earth. It is believed that life originated in water before it invaded land. Water is in fact a precondition of life. 

(ii) Water essential for crops: Cultivation of crops depends on the availability of water. Water dissolves minerals and other nutrients in the ground. The roots of the plants draw this nutritious water for the soil. India is an agricultural country so availability of water is a must. 

(iii) Water and industries : Industries need water as coolant, solvent, raw material, etc. 

(iv) Water for daily life : Water is also used for drinking and domestic consumption. The growing urbanisation with its modern lifestyle has been demanding greater share of water day by day. 

(v) Water an important component of ecosystem : Conservation of water is also important to prevent degradation of our natural ecosystems. 

(vi) Water scarcity : It is essential to conserve and manage water because its overuse and misuse has lead to water scarcity.

Preparation of herbarium specimen includes the following steps. 

1. Plant Collection 

2. Documentation of field site data 

3. Preparation of plant specimen 

4. Mounting herbarium specimen 

5. Herbarium labels 

6. Protection of herbarium sheets against mold and insects

Liana is a vine that is perennial and woody. Lianas are major components in the tree canopy layer of some tropical forests. e.g., Ventilago.

Photocheinical Phase:

1. Photolysis of water and oxygen evolution 

2. Electron transport and synthesis of assimilatory power.

TP stands for Turgor pressure. When a plant cell is placed in pure water (hypotonie solution) the diffusion of water into the cell takes place by endosmosis. It creates a positive hydrostatic pressure on the rigid cell wall by the cell membrane.

Hence forth the pressure exerted by the ccli membrane towards the cell wall is Turgor Pressure (TP).

C-Value is the amount in picograms of DNA contained within a haploid nucleus.

Plant morphology also known as external morphology deals with the study of shape, size and structure of plants and their parts like (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds).

Correct answer is Tamasha

The correct answer is 5.

• The Haryana Armed Police comprises five battalions.
  • Out of Five, three are based at Madhuban near Karnal.
  • Two battalions are based at Ambala and Hisar.
  • On the creation of Haryana State, on 1st November 1966, six battalions of Punjab Police were transferred to this state.
  • These included four Government of India Reserve Battalions which were later merged in Border Security Force/Central Reserve Police Force etc.
  • Subsequently, only two battalions were left and they were stationed at Ambala City and Nilokheri temporarily.
  • 1st Battalion is continuing at Ambala City.
  • The Headquarters of HAP was shifted to Madhuban in the year 1968.
  • The 3rd Battalion of HAP was raised in the year 1969 with its headquarters at Hisar.
  • Thereafter, the 4th Battalion of HAP was raised in 1973 as a technical battalion to maintain essential services like electric supply and road transport during any employee strike.
  • But due to the policy of transfer of HAP personnel to District Police adopted from 1979 onwards, this battalion is now like any other battalion.

The neighbouring areas of Shivaji’s kingdom which were not under the direct rule of Shivaji were to give % of their land revenue collection to him. This was called as Chauth.

Rajaraja Chola-1 built the Rajarajeshwara temple at Tanjore.

King Vijaya Raghava

The correct answer is Chambal.

• The Chambal river rises in the North of the Dhar district and flows north across the Malwa Plateau to join the Chambal River at the MP-Rajasthan boundary in the Mandsaur district.
• The holy city of Ujjain is located on the right bank of the Shipra river.
• The Shipra river originates in Kakri Bardi (district - Indore) and ends in Chambal in the Mandsaur district.
• Narmada - Shipra Sihastha Link Pariyojana, Mundla Dosdar is a project linking the Shipra river to Narmada.

Panama Canal connects Atlantic – Pacific Ocean.

Kurichya revolt was another tribal in surgency against the British in Wayanad. It was organised by the Kurichya and the Kurumba tribes of Wayanad in 1812. There are various reasons for this revolt. Imposition of excessive tax by the British,compulsion for paying tax in cash and seizing of agricultural land for non-payment of tax, etc. are some of them.

The Revolt was led by the Kurichya leader Rama Nambi. Several people other than the tribes also joined in this struggle. The British government suppressed the struggle and killed Rama Nambi. Besides the Santhal and Kurichya revolt. Several other tribal insurgencies broke out in different parts of India. The important ones among them are.

• Pachariya Rebellion 
• Kol Rebellion 
• Bhil Rebellion 
• Munda Rebellion 
• Khasi Rebellion 

United States is the largest trade partner of India.

The north-south corridor connects Srinagar- Kanyakumari. 

‘Bheel’ tribal community is the inhabitants of Madhya Pradesh. 

Tertiary sector is related to Trade, Transport, Communication and services. 

Rourkela steel plant has been established in collaboration with Germany. 

Badampahar is famous for Iron mineral.

The correct answer is Uranium.

• An extract of a radioactive mineral Uranium is Urania.
• Since the uranium concentrate powder obtained from the processing of uranium ores which resembled the shape and colour of a yellow cake when they are stored.
• Hence, this mineral is known as the "yellowcake".

• Uranium ores that carry significant amounts of basic minerals such as calcite or dolomite are strained by 0.5 to 1 molar sodium carbonate solutions.
• The uranium finds its application in the Military Sector.
• The Depleted uranium is used as a shielding material in containers which are used to store and carry radioactive substances.
• The uranium is also used as fuel in nuclear power plants.

The correct answer is Sharda.

• The Sharda river joins the Karnali river at Brahmaghat in India and forms the Ghaghara river.

• The Sharda River originates at Kalapani in the Himalayas.
• It is also known as Kali River and Mahakali River.
• The river flows through Nepal's western border with India and joins Ghaghra River, a tributary of the Ganges.
• The Pancheshwar Dam and the Tanakpur Hydroelectric Project are built on river Sharda.
• The tributaries of Sharda river are Chameliya, Ramgun in Nepal and Kuthi, Dhauli, Gori, Sarju, Ladhiya rivers in Uttarakhand.
• The Sharda river is named after the Hindu Goddess "Saraswati".

Correct answer is GHAGHRA

Washing soda (Na₂CO₃.10H₂O) is hygroscopic in nature because of which it absorbs moisture from the air and therefore water of crystallization is attached to its formula. It is a basic salt. 

Preparation: At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate.

 NaCl + NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O ⇾ NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl

2NaHCO₃ ⇾ Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O ⇾ Na₂CO₃.10 H₂O 

Uses: (i) used in glass, soap and paper industries, 

(ii) used in the manufacture of sodium compounds such as borax, 

(iii) used for removing permanent hardness of water.

Baking soda is the common name of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).

Solvay process: is used for the production of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ industrially. In this process, CO2, water, ammonia and brine solution in its concentrated form, are used as raw materials. 

The important chemical reaction that is used in the production of baking soda is: 

CO₂ + H₂O + NH₃ + NaCl ⇾ NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl

NaHCO₃ ⇾ Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O 

CO₂ produced is recycled to produce NaHCO₃. 

Uses of baking soda: 

(i) Reduces the acidity in the stomach 

(ii) Used in the process of washing as a water softener. 

(iii) Acts as a pesticide. 

(iv) Used in baking industries as CO₂ is generated (due to decomposition of NaHCO₃) which helps in the raising of the dough. 

Baking soda is naturally alkaline with a pH of 8.

The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide because the amount of hydroxide ions per unit volume increases. This happens only when base added dissolves in water. If the base is not soluble in water, the concentration of hydroxide ions remains constant.

Correct option is: (a) Increase in production

A. street vendor

Correct option is: (d) Canal