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Information about the conditions of the external and internal environments, like temperature, pressure, touch, spatial position, pH, metabolite levels (oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.), light, sounds, etc., are collected by specific neural structures (each for each type of information) called sensory receptors. Sensory receptors are distributed throughout the tissues according to their specific roles. The receptors get that information and transmit them through their own axons or through dendrites of neurons that connect to them. The information reaches the central nervous system that interprets and uses it to control and regulate the body.

Sensory receptors are structures specialized in the acquiring of information, like temperature, mechanical pressure, pH, chemical environment and luminosity, transmitting them to the central nervous system. Sensory receptors may be specialized cells, e.g., the photoreceptors of the retina, or specialized interstitial structures, for example the vibration receptors of the skin. In this last case they transmit information to dendrites of sensory neurons connected to them. There are also sensory receptors that are specialized terminations of neuronal dendrites (e.g., the olfactory receptors).

The near point is the closest distance between an object and the eye that makes possible the formed image to be focused, i.e., it is the point in which the ciliary muscles are in their maximum contraction. The far point is the most distant point from the eye in which an object can be placed and its image is still focused, i.e., it is the situation of maximum relaxation of the ciliary muscles. The zone between the near point and the far point is called the accommodation zone.

The organs of the human visual apparatus are the eyes, the optical nerves and the visual areas of the brain (located in the occipital lobes of both hemispheres).

The photoreceptor cells form the retina, a lamina that covers the internal posterior region of the eyeball. The photosensitive cells of the retina are divided into two types: the cone cells and the rod cells. These cells have pigments that sense specific light wave ranges (frequencies) and trigger action potentials conducted by the optical nerves to the visual area of the brain.

The iris works like the diaphragm of a photographic camera since it has muscles that contract or relax varying the pupil diameter. When the luminous intensity heightens the parasympathetic nervous system commands the contraction of the pupil; when there is shortage of light the sympathetic nervous system stimulates the dilation of the pupils. These movements depend upon the muscles of the iris.

The relationship between the plant and pollinator is called mutualism. 

Fig depends on wasp for pollination, and wasp depends on fig for food and shelter

With the decline in population of figs, wasp loses its source of food and shelter.

OR 

Regulators; 

Thermoregulation, Osmoregulation 

Birds/mammals 

The hormone which induces ripening is Ethylene

Correct option: (2) p-arm and q-arm respectively

Explanation: 

• Sub metacentric chromosome is Heterobrachial.
• Short arm designated as 'p' arm (p = petite i.e. short)
• Long arm designated as 'q' arm

Basipetal means transport through phloem from shoot to root and acropetal means transport through xylem from root to shoot.

​IPL 2020:

• ​IPL 2020 was the 13th edition of India's premier T20 league.
• Indian Premier League was conceptualized after India's landmark victory in the maiden ICC WT20 in 2007. 
• The league came into existence in 2008 with 8 franchises.
• IPL has been a great platform for young talent to showcase their skills and rub shoulders with the best players in the world. 
• Mumbai Indians won the Indian Premier League (IPL), 2020.
• The final match was played between Mumbai Indians and Delhi Capitals.
• Mumbai Indians won this match by 5 wickets.
• Mumbai Indians also won Paytm Fairplay Award this year.
• This is the consecutive second time Mumbai Indians won the IPL title & and overall 5th time.​

 K L Rahul:

• K L Rahul of Kings XI Punjab won the Orange Cap by scoring 670 runs in 14 matches in IPL 2020.
• The second highest runs (618) were scored by Shikhar Dhawan of Delhi Capitals.
• The IPL Orange Cap is an award that is given annually to the leading run-scorer in the IPL season. 
• The award was started in the first season of the tournament in 2008. 

Thus, K L Rahul won the Orange Cap in IPL 2020.

The question is asked for the year 2020 and not 2021.

• Shaun Marsh was the first player to win the Orange Cap. He scored 616 runs in 11 matches which were the most runs scored in the inaugural season of the Indian Premier League.
• The record of most runs in the IPL season belongs to Virat Kohli who scored 973 in 2016 and got his name in the Orange Cap winners list. 
• K Rabada of Delhi Capitals took the highest number of wickets (30 wickets) to win Purple Cup in IPL 2020.
• The IPL Purple Cap is given to the bowler who takes the most number of wickets in an Indian Premier League season. 
• David Warner (SRH) won the orange cap in IPL 2019.

​IPL 2020:

• ​IPL 2020 was the  13th edition of India's premier T20 league.
• Indian Premier League was conceptualized after India's landmark victory in the maiden ICC WT20 in 2007. 
• The league came into existence in 2008 with 8 franchises.
• IPL has been a great platform for young talent to showcase their skills and rub shoulders with the best players in the world. 
• Mumbai Indians won the Indian Premier League (IPL), 2020.
• The final match was played between Mumbai Indians and Delhi Capitals.
• Mumbai Indians won this match by 5 wickets.
• Mumbai Indians also won Paytm Fairplay Award this year.
• This is the consecutive second time Mumbai Indians won the IPL title & and overall 5th time.​

Kagiso Rabada:

• Star pacer Kagiso Rabada emerged from the IPL 2020 tournament as the highest wicket-taker - taking home the Purple Cap.
• Kagiso Rabada picked up 30 wickets in 17 matches at an average of 18.26 and an economy rate of 8.34. 4 for 24 was his best figure in the tournament.
• IPL19 Imran Tahir (CSK) won the purple cap.

Thus, Kagiso Rabada won the Purple Cap in IPL 2020.

Designated as a Biosphere Reserve, the Gulf of Mannar is one of the biologically richest coastal regions in all of the mainland of India.

• It is the first Marine Biosphere Reserve in South and southeast Asia. 
• In India, the Gulf of Mannar region in Tamil Nadu is one of the four major coral reef areas and the others are the Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat, Lakshadweep, and Andaman and Nicobar islands. 
• The Gulf of Mannar, running down south from Rameswaram to Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, India is situated between Longitudes 78008 E to 79030 E and along Latitudes from 8035 N to 9025 N.

Thus, we can conclude that the Gulf of Mannar is located in the East of Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is Shershah.

• Sher Shah Suri, also known as Farid Khan, was the founder of the Suri Empire in India, which had its capital in Sasaram, Bihar.
• He was the one who introduced the rupee as a currency.
• In 1540, Sher Shah, an ethnic Afghan king, assumed control of the Mughal Empire. His son Islam Shah succeeded him after his untimely death in 1545.
• He began his military career as a private before rising through the ranks to become a commander in Babur's Mughal army and later the governor of Bihar.
• Sher Shah conquered Bengal and established the Suri dynasty in 1537, when Babur's son Humayun was away on an expedition.
• Sher Shah was a clever thinker who also proved to be a successful Muslim administrator and general. His reformation of the empire established the groundwork for successive Mughal monarchs, particularly Akbar, Humayun's son.

The Egyptians believed that the soul resides in the dead body after death. So they used to embalm the dead body with a special oil. It kept the dead body preserved for thousands of years. In order to keep the dead bodies safe, tombs were built which were called pyramids. The dead bodies kept in pyramids were called Mummies. As pyramids were built in a large number during this period, so this age is called the ‘Pyramid age’.

They were built by Pharaohs (Kings). Out of all the pyramids of Egypt, the Pyramid of Gizeh is an excellent piece of architecture. It was built by Pharoah Cheops in 3000 BC. It is built in an area of 32 acres. It is 484 feet high and 755 feet long. Pyramids are an evidence of the arithmetical and geometrical knowledge of the Egyptians. Hatheshsut, the king of the Imperialist age, got many big sized stone statues and pyramids.

In the Western Ghats regions of India, summer comes first

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) designates four climatological seasons:

• Winter season.
• Summer season.
• Southwest monsoon.
• Retreating monsoon.

Summar Season in India: 

• Summer or pre-monsoon season, lasting from March to May.
• In western and southern regions, the hottest month is April and the beginning of May and for northern regions of India, May is the hottest month.
• In May, Temperatures average around 32–40 °C (90–104 °F) in most of the interior.
• The summer season in India can be experienced in April, May, and June.
• June is the hottest month.
• In most parts of India, temperatures recorded are between 30°-32°C.
• The mean daily minimum temperature during the summer months is quite high and rarely goes below 26°C.
• In May, temperatures around 48°C are not uncommon usually in the northern parts of the country.
• The hot weather season in south India is mild and not so intense as found in north India.
• The Peninsular situation of south India with moderating effect of the oceans keeps the temperatures lower than that prevailing in north India.
• The summer months are a period of excessive heat and falling air pressure in the northern half of the country.
• Dust storms in the evening are very common during May in parts of the country.
• These temporary storms bring a welcome respite from the oppressing heat since they bring with them light rains and a pleasant cool breeze.
• Occasionally, the moisture-laden winds are attracted towards the periphery of the low pressure developed in northern India.
• A sudden contact between dry and moist air masses gives rise to local storms of great intensity.
• These local storms are associated with violent winds, torrential rains and even hailstorms.​

Correct option is B) Both

Correct option is C) to

Correct option is B) from

• ‘Kundalini Paattu’ (The Song of the Kundalini) composed by Sree Narayana Guru. No one knows the date of the composition. It is said that in earlier times, this poem was known as ‘Pambatti Chinthu’ (The snake charmer’s song).
• In this poem, Guru talks of the principle of ‘Kundalini,’ the primal energy situated at the base of the spine. This energy can be awakened through the systems of yoga and it is believed that one can experience presence of the divine through this awakening. Like his other compositions, Guru has employed simple Malayalam instead of the hefty Sanskrit language that was the usual means of discussing philosophy then. Thus, the poem is accessible even to the interested layman.
• Vinayaka ashtakam and Gajendramoksham Vanchipattu is of Sri Narayana Guru.

Homo sapiens, the species to which all modern human beings belong. 

• Homo sapiens is one of several species grouped into the genus Homo, but it is the only one that is not extinct. 
• The name Homo sapiens was applied in 1758 by the father of modern biological classification, Carolus Linnaeus.
• It had long been known that human beings physically resemble the primates more closely than any other known living organisms, but at the time it was a daring act to classify human beings within the same framework used for the rest of nature.

Thus, we can say that Homo Sapiens is a Human.

• The motif of the Mangalyaan on the reverse of Rs 2000 note depicts the country's first venture into the interplanetary space.
• It was propelled from Satish Dhawan Space Centre on 5th November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), making the boldest statement till date about India’s foray into the next generation of space technology.
• The mission took off from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh.

​Thus, Mangalyaan is behind the 2000 rupee note of the Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series.

Eskimos are the indigenous circumpolar peoples who have traditionally inhabited the northern circumpolar region from eastern Siberia (Russia) to Alaska (United States), Canada, and Greenland (Denmark).

• Today, the Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) is composed of approximately 160,000 Inuit people living across Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Russia.
• The two main peoples known as "Eskimo" are the Inuit—including the Alaskan Inupiat peoples, the Greenlandic Inuit, and the mass-grouping Inuit peoples of Canada—and the Yupik of eastern Siberia and Alaska.
• A third northern group, the Aleut, is closely related to both.
• They share a relatively recent common ancestor and a language group (Eskimo-Aleut).
• The Chukchi People, from Siberia, are also the closest living relatives of Inuit, and the Yupik people.

Thus, it is clear that Eskimo nomadic hunters are in Greenland.

The correct answer is Road safety. 

1. India is a signatory to the United Nation's Brasilia Declaration with the target of reducing road fatalities by 50% by 2020.
2. Union Minister for Road Transport & Highways and MSMEs Nitin Gadkari reached Stockholm today to represent India at the “3rd High-Level Global Conference on Road Safety for Achieving Global Goals 2030”.
3. The objective of the two-day conference is to bring road safety on the global agenda and renew the world community’s commitment to safer roads.
4. Leaders from participating countries will draw up a roadmap for reaching the United Nation’s goal set under the UN Decade of Action of reducing road crashes by 2030. 

1. The United Nations, which has included Road Safety as part of the Sustainable Development Goals, has appealed to the global community to reaffirm their commitment to reducing mortality arising out of road crashes and join hands for making the world a safer place.
2. The declaration was adopted at the second global high-level conference on road safety held in Brazil in 2015.
3. It lays down recommendations on strengthening existing legislation, adopting sustainable transport, strengthening the post-crash response, etc.
4. India is a signatory to the Brasilia Declaration. 

1. Road safety day is observed on 19th June.
2. The theme for road safety 2021 is Streets for Life.
3. Safety Week is observed every year from 4th-10th March to celebrate the foundation of the National Safety Council of India to raise awareness about safety measures and prevent misfortunes.
4. National Safety Day 2021: 'Sadak Suraksha' theme to be observed this year.
5. This year, the focus of National Safety Day is on road safety and the theme is 'Sadak Suraksha'

Copper can be drawn into wires.

Germanium is an example of metalloid.

(b) Blue litmus to red

Chlorine non metal is used in water purification.

(a) Phosphorous 

c) Zn is more reactive than Cu

a) CuSO₄ + Fe

Fe metal present in the hoemoglobin of blood.

Lateral buds are portions of meristematic tissue located in the base of the shoots. Apical buds are portions of meristematic tissue situated in the tip of the stem and shoots.

Plant tissues are divided into growth (embryonic) tissues, supporting, filling and photosynthetic tissues (ground tissues), conductive (vascular) tissues and covering (dermal) tissues.

Embryonic tissues: primary meristems; secondary meristems. Supporting tissues: collenchyma; sclerenchyma. Filling and photosynthetic tissues: photosynthetic parenchyma; storage parenchyma. Conductive tissues: xylem; phloem. Covering tissues: epidermis; periderm.

Apical meristems are those primary meristems found in the apex of the stem and in the tips of shoots and roots.

The apical meristems are responsible for the primary growth of the plants. 

Lateral, or secondary, meristems, are the cambium and the phellogen (also known as cork cambium), tissues from the stem, branches and roots that by mitosis generate other tissues. These tissues participate in the secondary growth of plant, i.e., in the thickening of the stem, branches and roots.

Meristematic cells have very thin cell walls, small vacuoles, a well-centralized nucleus and they are constantly undergoing mitosis. Meristematic cells need a high mitotic rate because they are responsible for the plant growth.

C. An inactive drug that is transformed in the body to an active metabolite

The best hypothesis is that the tissue is a sample of meristematic tissue. Meristematic tissues seen under the microscope have many cells undergoing mitosis.

The plant supporting tissues are the collenchyma and the sclerenchyma.

The collenchyma is made of living and elongated cells that accumulate cellulose and pectin in some regions of the cell wall making them unequally thick and thus providing flexibility. 

The sclerenchyma is made mostly of dead cells killed by lignin deposition (lignin is an impermeable biopolymer) forming elongated, rigid and impermeable fibers. The sclerenchyma is a plant tissue widely used in the textile industry. 

A. It generates the hepatotoxic metabolite N-acetyl benzoquinone immine from paracetamol

A.  CYP  3A4

The root hairs are external elongated projections of the root epidermis. Their role is to increase the absorption of water by the root.