23 + Interview Questions in GENERAL QA IN PHARMACODYNAMICS Page 1 InterviewSolution

1.	All of the following statements about efficacy and potency are true EXCEPT: a) Efficacy is usually a more important clinical consideration than potency b) Efficacy is the maximum effect of a drug c) Potency is a comparative measure, refers to the different doses of two drugs that are needed to produce the same effect d) The ED50 is a measure of drug’s efficacy
Answer» d) The ED₅₀ is a measure of drug’s efficacy

Discussion

2.	The substance binding to one receptor sub type as an agonist and to another as an antagonist is called: a) Competitive antagonist b) Irreversible antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Partial agonist
Answer» c) Agonist-antagonist

Discussion

3.	If an agonist can produce sub maximal effects and has moderate efficacy it’s called: a) Partial agonist b) Antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Full agonist
Answer» a) Partial agonist

Discussion

4.	If an agonist can produce maximal effects and has high efficacy it’s called: a) Partial agonist b) Antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Full agonist
Answer» d) Full agonist

Discussion

5.	An agonist is a substance that: a) Interacts with the receptor without producing any effect b) Interacts with the receptor and initiates changes in cell function, producing various effects c) Increases concentration of another substance to produce effect d) Interacts with plasma proteins and doesn’t produce any effect
Answer» b) Interacts with the receptor and initiates changes in cell function, producing various effects

Discussion

6.	Therapeutic index (TI) is: a) A ratio used to evaluate the safety and usefulness of a drug for indication b) A ratio used to evaluate the effectiveness of a drugc) A ratio used to evaluate the bio availability of a drug d) A ratio used to evaluate the elimination of a drug
Answer» a) A ratio used to evaluate the safety and usefulness of a drug for indication

Discussion

7.	Target proteins which a drug molecule binds are: a) Only receptors b) Only ion channels c) Only carriersd) All of the above
Answer» d) All of the above

Discussion

8.	Idiosyncratic reaction of a drug is:a) A type of hypersensitivity reaction b) A type of drug antagonism c) Unpredictable, inherent, qualitatively abnormal reaction to a drug d) Quantitatively exaggerated response
Answer» c) Unpredictable, inherent, qualitatively abnormal reaction to a drug

Discussion

9.	Characteristic unwanted reaction which isn’t related to a dose or to a pharma codynamic property of a drug is called: a) Idiosyncrasy b) Hypersensitivity c) Tolerance d) Teratogenic action
Answer» b) Hypersensitivity

Discussion

10.	What does “affinity” mean? a) A measure of how tightly a drug binds to plasma proteins b) A measure of how tightly a drug binds to a receptor c) A measure of inhibiting potency of a drug d) A measure of bio availability of a drug
Answer» b) A measure of how tightly a drug binds to a receptor

Discussion

11.	The increase of second messengers’ (cAMP, cGMP, Ca2+ etc.) concentration leads to: a) Inhibition of intracellular protein kinases and protein phosphorylation b) Proteinkinases activation and protein phosphorylation c) Blocking of interaction between a receptor and an effector d) Antagonism with endogenous ligands
Answer» b) Proteinkinases activation and protein phosphorylation

Discussion

12.	Tick the second messenger of G-protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptor: a) Adenylyl cyclaseb) Sodium ions c) Phospholipase C d) cAMP
Answer» Option(d) cAMP.

Discussion

13.	If two drugs with the same effect, taken together, produce an effect that is equal in magnitude to the sum of the effects of the drugs given individually, it is called as: a) Antagonism b) Potentiation c) Additive effect d) None of the above
Answer» c) Additive effect

Discussion

14.	What phenomenon can occur in case of using a combination of drugs? a) Tolerance b) Tachyphylaxis c) Accumulation d) Synergism
Answer» d) Synergism

Discussion

15.	Which effect may lead to toxic reactions when a drug is taken continuously or repeatedly? a) Refractoriness b) Cumulative effect c) Tolerance d) Tachyphylaxis
Answer» b) Cumulative effect

Discussion

16.	Tachyphylaxis is: a) A drug interaction between two similar types of drugs b) Very rapidly developing tolerance c) A decrease in responsiveness to a drug, taking days or weeks to develop d) None of the above
Answer» b) Very rapidly developing tolerance

Discussion

17.	Drug resistance is a term used to describe the loss of effectiveness of antimicrobial or antitumour drugs. This consideration is: a) True b) False
Answer» Drug resistance is a term used to describe the loss of effectiveness of antimicrobial or antitumour drugs. This consideration is True.

Discussion

18.	What term is used to describe a decrease in responsiveness to a drug which develops in a few minutes? a) Refractoriness b) Cumulative effect c) Tolerance d) Tachyphylaxis
Answer» d) Tachyphylaxis

Discussion

19.	Tolerance develops because of: a) Diminished absorption b) Rapid excretion of a drug c) Both of the above d) None of the above
Answer» d) None of the above

Discussion

20.	The situation when failure to continue administering the drug results in serious psychological and somatic disturbances is called? a) Tachyphylaxis b) Sensibilization c) Abstinence syndrome d) Idiosyncrasy
Answer» c) Abstinence syndrome

Discussion

21.	Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of: a) Drug dependence b) Increased metabolic degradation c) Depressed renal drug excretion d) Activation of a drug after hepatic first-pass
Answer» b) Increased metabolic degradation

Discussion

22.	Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of: a) Change in receptors, loss of them or exhaustion of mediators b) Increased receptor sensitivity c) Decreased metabolic degradation d) Decreased renal tubular secretion
Answer» a) Change in receptors, loss of them or exhaustion of mediators

Discussion

23.	Dependence is often associated with tolerance to a drug, a physical abstinence syndrome, and psychological dependence (craving). This consideration is: a) True b) False
Answer» Dependence is often associated with tolerance to a drug, a physical abstinence syndrome, and psychological dependence (craving). This consideration is True.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

The substance binding to one receptor sub type as an agonist and to another as an antagonist is called: a) Competitive antagonist b) Irreversible antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Partial agonist

If an agonist can produce sub maximal effects and has moderate efficacy it’s called: a) Partial agonist b) Antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Full agonist

If an agonist can produce maximal effects and has high efficacy it’s called: a) Partial agonist b) Antagonist c) Agonist-antagonist d) Full agonist

Therapeutic index (TI) is: a) A ratio used to evaluate the safety and usefulness of a drug for indication b) A ratio used to evaluate the effectiveness of a drugc) A ratio used to evaluate the bio availability of a drug d) A ratio used to evaluate the elimination of a drug

Target proteins which a drug molecule binds are: a) Only receptors b) Only ion channels c) Only carriersd) All of the above

Idiosyncratic reaction of a drug is:a) A type of hypersensitivity reaction b) A type of drug antagonism c) Unpredictable, inherent, qualitatively abnormal reaction to a drug d) Quantitatively exaggerated response

Characteristic unwanted reaction which isn’t related to a dose or to a pharma codynamic property of a drug is called: a) Idiosyncrasy b) Hypersensitivity c) Tolerance d) Teratogenic action

What does “affinity” mean? a) A measure of how tightly a drug binds to plasma proteins b) A measure of how tightly a drug binds to a receptor c) A measure of inhibiting potency of a drug d) A measure of bio availability of a drug

Tick the second messenger of G-protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptor: a) Adenylyl cyclaseb) Sodium ions c) Phospholipase C d) cAMP

If two drugs with the same effect, taken together, produce an effect that is equal in magnitude to the sum of the effects of the drugs given individually, it is called as: a) Antagonism b) Potentiation c) Additive effect d) None of the above

What phenomenon can occur in case of using a combination of drugs? a) Tolerance b) Tachyphylaxis c) Accumulation d) Synergism

Which effect may lead to toxic reactions when a drug is taken continuously or repeatedly? a) Refractoriness b) Cumulative effect c) Tolerance d) Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is: a) A drug interaction between two similar types of drugs b) Very rapidly developing tolerance c) A decrease in responsiveness to a drug, taking days or weeks to develop d) None of the above

Drug resistance is a term used to describe the loss of effectiveness of antimicrobial or antitumour drugs. This consideration is: a) True b) False

What term is used to describe a decrease in responsiveness to a drug which develops in a few minutes? a) Refractoriness b) Cumulative effect c) Tolerance d) Tachyphylaxis

Tolerance develops because of: a) Diminished absorption b) Rapid excretion of a drug c) Both of the above d) None of the above

The situation when failure to continue administering the drug results in serious psychological and somatic disturbances is called? a) Tachyphylaxis b) Sensibilization c) Abstinence syndrome d) Idiosyncrasy

Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of: a) Drug dependence b) Increased metabolic degradation c) Depressed renal drug excretion d) Activation of a drug after hepatic first-pass

Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of: a) Change in receptors, loss of them or exhaustion of mediators b) Increased receptor sensitivity c) Decreased metabolic degradation d) Decreased renal tubular secretion

Dependence is often associated with tolerance to a drug, a physical abstinence syndrome, and psychological dependence (craving). This consideration is: a) True b) False