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1.	Give reasons: (a) Neither q nor w is a state function but q + w is state function. (b) The dissolution of ammonium chloride in water is endothermic still it dissolves in water.
Answer» q + w = ΔU. As ΔU is a state function, hence q + w is a state function. On dissolution, entropy increases i.e., ΔS is +ve. If TΔS > ΔH, then ΔG will be –ve. Hence, the process is spontaneous.

Give reasons: (a) Neither q nor w is a state function but q + w is state function. (b) The dissolution of ammonium chloride in water is endothermic still it dissolves in water.

Answer»

q + w = ΔU. As ΔU is a state function, hence q + w is a state function.

On dissolution, entropy increases i.e., ΔS is +ve. If TΔS > ΔH,

then ΔG will be –ve. Hence, the process is spontaneous.

Discussion

2.	One mole of an ideal gas initially at 400K and 20.52 atm pressure is expanded to a final state at 300K and 1 atm pressure to achieve the above change a reversible path is constructed that involve an adiabatic expansion in beginning followed by an isothermal expansion to find state. Draw a TV graph and determine the net work done by the system.Cvm = 1.5R
Answer» 1 mole of an ideal gas, initially at 400 K and 10 atm is first expanded at constant pressure till the volume is doubled Then the gas is made to undergo an isochoric process, in which its temperature is found to decrease In the last final ... step, gas was compressed reversibly and adiabatically to initial state.

Discussion

3.	The volume of gas is reduced to half from its original volume. The specific heat will be ______. (i) reduce to half (ii) be doubled (iii) remain constant (iv) increase four times
Answer» The correct option is (iii) Remain constant. Explanation: The specific heat of a substance is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by one degree (1 K or 1 °C). It is an intensive property and is independent of the volume of the substance.

The volume of gas is reduced to half from its original volume. The specific heat will be ______. (i) reduce to half (ii) be doubled (iii) remain constant (iv) increase four times

Answer»

The correct option is (iii) Remain constant.

Explanation:

The specific heat of a substance is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by one degree (1 K or 1 °C). It is an intensive property and is independent of the volume of the substance.

Discussion