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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
Embryology |
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Answer» Embryology is the science which deals with the study of development of an organism from an embryo. (ii) Comparative study of embryonic developmental stages of various vertebrates shows that all embryos have extreme similarities during initial stages. (iii) Those similarities decreases gradually. (iv) Similarities in initial stages indicate the common origin for all these animals. |
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| 52. |
Why are many species of animals and birds getting extinct? |
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Answer» (i) Animals and birds extinction may be caused by natural occurrences such as climatic heating or cooling or changes in sea levels. (ii) Habitat destruction as farming land expands and forests are cut-down. This is the main cause along with pollution and over fishing or hunting. |
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| 53. |
Connecting link |
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Answer» (i) Some plants and animals show some morophological characters by which they can be related to two different groups, hence they are called connecting links. (ii) E.g. In Peripatus, characters like segmented body, thin cuticle and parapodia are present like annelida and worms. Similarly, these animals show tracheal respiration and open circulatory system similar to arthropods. This indicates that Peripatus is the connecting link between annelida and arthropoda. (iii) Similarly, Duck Billed Platypus lays eggs like reptlies but shows relationship with mammals to due to presence of mammary glands and hair. (iv) Lung fish performs respiration with lungs irrespective of being a fish. (v) These examples indicate that mammals have evolved from reptiles and amphibians from fishes. |
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| 54. |
Duckbill platypus is a connecting link between annelida and arthropoda. |
| Answer» False, Peripatus is a connecting link between annelida and arthropoda. | |
| 55. |
Muscles of ear pinna, which are useful to huan, are useless in monkeys for movement of ear pinna. |
| Answer» FALSE. Muscles of ear pinn, which are useless to human are useful in monkeys for movement of ear pinna. | |
| 56. |
Why did the huge animals like dinosour become extinct? |
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Answer» Inspite of the fact that the cause for dinosaur extinction is still a mystery, following events could have played a role. (i) Gas seeping and ash evolving from volcanoes suffocated most of the dinosaurs. (ii) The entire population of dinosaur may have been wiped out due to diseases. (iii) The dinosaurs could not survive after a big meteorite crashed into earth, drastically changing the climatic conditions. (iv) Imbalances in food chain leads to starvationof the dinosaurs. |
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| 57. |
Are our wisdom teeth really useful for chewing the food? |
| Answer» No, people do not need wisdom teeth now for chewing the food but earlier they were used for chewing tough plants which were important part of the human diet. | |
| 58. |
What is the function of the appendix of our digestive system? |
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Answer» (i) The appendix is a vestigial organ that was once used by our herbivorous ancestors. (ii) It was found that in herbivorous vertebrates the appendex is comparatively larger and it helped in the digestion of tough herbivorus food such as the bark of a tree. (iii) It is also supposed to be a store house of good bacteria. |
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| 59. |
Appendix is useless to humans. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - True | |
| 60. |
Cocyx, intestine, wisdom teeth, appendix. |
| Answer» Intestine- It is a fully functional organ in humans, while others are vestigial organs. | |
| 61. |
How are the areas of study – evolution and classification – interlinked? |
| Answer» Classification involves grouping of organism into a formal system based on similarities in internal and extermanl structure or evolutionary history. Two species are more closely related if they have more characteristics in common. And if two species are more closely related. then it means they a more recent ancestor. For example, in a family, a brother and sister are closely related and they a recent common ancestor i.e., their parents. A brother and his cousin are also related but less than sister asn her brother. This is because the brother and his cousin have a common ancestor i.e., their grandparation. With subsequent generations, the variations make organisms more different than their ancetprs. This discussion clearly proves that we classify organisms according to their resemblance which is similar to creating an evolutionary tree. | |
| 62. |
what is applicable for Y chromosomes ?A. They lack DNAgtB. They lack histonesC. They contain genes for maleness.D. They contain genes for femaleness. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 63. |
Which is correct about autosomes ?A. They contain gense for sexual characters.B. They contain genes for both sexual and vegetative characters.C. They contain genes for vegatative charactes.D. none of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 64. |
In a monohybrid cross done by MendelA. `F_(1)` has 75% tall plants and 25 % dwarf plantsB. `F_(1)` had all till plantsC. `F_(1)` had all dwarf plantsD. none of the above was observed |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 65. |
According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a nes species is generally due to.A. sudden creation by natureB. accumulation of variations over several generationsC. clones formed during asexual reproductionD. movement of individuals from one habitat to another |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Accumulation cf variations over several generations forms new species. Genetic drift accumulate different changes in sub-populations of a specis. Also, natural selecticn may also operate differertly in the different geographic locations. Eventually difterent groups of new species will be formed. |
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| 66. |
Select the group which shares maximum number of common charactersA. two individuals of a speciesB. two genera of a familyC. two species of a genusD. two genera of two families |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Two individuals of a species share maximum number of common characters. A species is a poulation of organisms consisting of similar individuals wh ch can breed together and procuce fertile offs pring. |
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| 67. |
Which of the following statement is incorrect ?A. for every hormone there is a geneB. for every protein there is a geneC. for production of every enzyme there is a geneD. for every type of fat there is a gene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 68. |
Select the group which shares the maximum number of common characters :A. two individuals of a speciesB. two species of a genusC. two genera of a familyD. two genera of two families |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 69. |
If the ratio of each phenotype of the seeds of pea plants in the `F_(2)` generation is 9 : 3 : 3 : 1, it is known as :A. tetraphybrid ratioB. monohybrid ratioC. dihybrid ratioD. trihybrid ratio |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 70. |
A trait in an organism is influenced byA. paternal DNA onlyB. maternal DNA onlyC. both maternal and paternal DNAD. neither by paternal DNA . |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 71. |
A trait in an organism is influenced byA. paternal DNA onlyB. maternal DNA onlyC. both maternal and paternal DNAD. neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C A trait of an organism is influenced by both maternal and patemal DNA. It is passed down from one generation to another through genes found on the chromosomes. During sexual reproduction, both mother and father pass their genes to their children thus determining their traits, or characteristic features |
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| 72. |
Which of the following may be used to obtain an `F_(2)` generation ?A. allowing flowers on a parent plant to be self-pollinatedB. allowing flowers on an `F_(1)` plant to be self-pollinatedC. cross-pollinating an `F_(1)` plant with a parent plantD. cross-pollinating two parent plants |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 73. |
The visible characteristic in an organism is known as :A. prototypeB. stereotypeC. phenotypeD. genotype |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 74. |
Thed following results were obtained by a scientist who crossed the `F_(1)` generation of pure-breeding parents for round and wrinkled seeds. Dominant trait Recissive trait No. of `F_(2)` offspring Round seeds Wrinkled seeds 7524 From these results, it can be concluded that the actual number of round seeds he obtained was :A. 1881B. 22572C. 2508D. 5643 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 75. |
How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny? |
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Answer» In human beings, equal genetic contribution of male female perents is ensured in the progeny through inheritance of equal number of chromosomes from both parents. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes All human chromosomes are not paired. Out of these 23 pairs, the first 22 pairs are know as autosomes and the remaining one pair is know as sex chromosomes represented as X and Y. Females have a pergect pair of two X sex chromosomes and males have a mismatched pair of one X and one Y sex chromosome. During the course of reproduction, as fertilization process takes place, the male gamete (haloid) fuses with the female gamete(haploid) resulting in formation of the diploid zygote. The zygote in the progeny receive an equal contrive an equal contribution of genetic material form the parents. Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes in progeny, male parent contributes 22 autosomes and one X or Y chromosome and female parent contributes 22 autosomes and one X chromosome. |
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| 76. |
The real source of variation is _____ |
| Answer» dominant, recesive | |
| 77. |
Does geographical isolation of individuals of a species lead to formation of a new species? Provide a sutiable explanation. |
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Answer» Yes, geographical isolation of individuals of a species lead to formation of a new species. If we consider the population of same species splitting into two separate groups and getting isolated from each other geographically by various barriers as sea, mountain, etc. The geographical isolation of the two groups lead to their reproductive isolation due to which no genes are exchanged between them. However, breeding continues within the isolated populations producing more and more generations. Over the generations, genetic drift and natural selection is operated in the isolated group and make them more different from other. After many years, the individuals of isolated groups will become so different that they will be incapable of reproducing with each other (if they meet again) and new species will originate evolved. |
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| 78. |
A woman has only daughters. Analyse the situation genetically and provied a suitable explantion. |
| Answer» The sex of a child depends on the type of male gamete (sperm) as the man produces sperms with either X or Y-chromosome. If a sperm carrying X-chromosome fertilises the ovum (female gamete with X-chromosome), then the child born will be a girl. This is because the child will have XX pair of sex chromosome. A woman has only daughters. This indicates that in child will have XX pair of sex chromosome. A woman has only daughters. This indicates that in every fusion, the sperm carrying X-chromosome fertilised the ovum. | |
| 79. |
In the human blood grouping, the four basic blood types are type A, typeB, typeAB, and type O. The blood proteins A and B are :A. simple dominant and recessive traitsB. incomplete dominant traitsC. codominant traitsD. sex-linked traits |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 80. |
Sometimes, any nucleotides of the gene changes its position which cause a minor change which is called…………. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - mutation | |
| 81. |
…………………. Is produed as per the sequence of nucleotides on DNA. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - mRNA | |
| 82. |
The code for each amino acid consists of three nucleotides, called as…………. |
| Answer» Triplet codon | |
| 83. |
New species may be formed if : (i) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells (ii) chromosome number changes in the gamete (iii) there is no change in the genetic material (iv) mating does not take placeA. (i) and (ii)B. (i) and (iii)C. (ii), (iii) and (iv)D. (i), (ii) and (iii) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 84. |
Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (YY) seeds produce `F_(1)`, progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When `F_(1)`, plants are selfed, the `F_(2)`, progeny will have new combination of characters. Choose the new combination from the following. (i) Round, yellow (ii) Round, green (iii) Winkled, yellow (iv) Wrinkled, greenA. (i) and (ii)B. (iv) OnlyC. (ii) and (iii)D. (i) and (iii) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The new combination in `F_(2)`, progeny will be round yellow and wrinkled green. The phenotyoic of 9:3:3:1 is obtained. Round Yellow: Round green : Wrinkled yellow: Wrinked green = 9: 3: 3: 1 |
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| 85. |
A gene is a :A. hybridB. heritable traitC. pure breedD. part of a chromosome that transmits a trait |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 86. |
A normal cell of human body contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in a sex cell (sperm or ovum) of a human being is most likely to be :A. 46B. 23C. 21D. 42 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 87. |
Name the book in which Lamarckism is mentioned. |
| Answer» Philozophie Zoologique | |
| 88. |
A pregnant woman has an equal chance of her baby being blood group A or blood group AB. Which one of the following shows the possible genotypes of the woman and the father of her child ?A. `I^(A)I^(A)` and `I^(B)I^(O)`B. `I^(A)I^(B)` and `I^(B)I^(O)`C. `I^(A)I^(O)` and `I^(B)I^(O)`D. `I^(A)I^(B)` and `I^(A)I^(O)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 89. |
Name the book in which Darwinism is described. |
| Answer» Origin of Species | |
| 90. |
The Japanese are genetically the closest toA. Indian schoolboysB. chimpanzeesC. gorillasD. monkeys |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 91. |
Which of these is not a part of Darwinism?A. Struggle for existenceB. OverpopulationC. Natural selectionD. Use and disuse of organs |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 92. |
The forelimbs of man, cat, bat and whale areA. analogous organsB. homologous organsC. missing linksD. fossils |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 93. |
Select the incorret statemet.A. Frequency of certain genes in a population change over severl genertaions resulting in evolution .B. Reduction in weight of the organsim due to starvation is generatically controlledC. Low wieght parents can have heavy wieght progenyD. Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The weight reduction due to stravation will not change the Dna of the germ cells, because low weight is not a trait is geneticaly controlled or inherited. Thus : low weight weight parents may have heavy weight progeny. Tarits which are not inherited, i.e., the acquired traits are simply changes in non-reproductive tissues, so cannot be passed on the DNA of germ cells. Evolution results from change in frequency of gens in a populations over several genarations. |
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| 94. |
A zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into aA. boyB. girlC. X-chromosome does not determine the sex of a childD. either boy |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B A zygote that has an X-chromasome inherited from father will develop into a girl. All children whether boys or girls inherit an X-chromosome from their mother. Thus, sex is determined by what they inherit from their father. A child who inherits X-chromosome from her father will be a girl, and one who inherits a Y-chromosome from him will be a boy. |
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| 95. |
One of the following traits cannot be inherited. This one is :A. colour of eyesB. colour of skinC. size of bodyD. nature of hair |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 96. |
Only one of the following characteristic of the parents can be inherited by their childern. This one is :A. deep scar on chinB. snub noseC. technique of swimmingD. cut nose |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 97. |
Wing of an insect and forelimb of a bird are :A. analogous organsB. analeptic organsC. homologous organsD. homophobic organs |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 98. |
The organs which perform similar functions but have different basic structure are called :A. asymmetric organsB. analogous organsC. homologous organsD. homophonic organs |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 99. |
The organs which perform different functions but have the same basic structure are known as :A. homologous organsB. analogous organsC. homolytic organsD. analytic organs |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 100. |
Is each of the organs useful to organism? |
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Answer» (i) Most of the organs are useful to organisms. At the same time few organs may be present now but they have lost their function in the process of evolution. (ii) In human beings, appendix, tail-bone (coccyx), wisdom teeth and body hair are not useful now. |
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