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151.

Hydrogen combines with carbon monoxide in the presence of copper catalyst will synthesise (a) Ethanol (b) Methane (c) Methanol (d) Methanal

Answer»

(c) Methanol

152.

Which of the following mixture of gases is called water gas?

Answer»

\((c) CO_{(g)}+{H_2}_{(g)}\)

153.

Which one of the following is known as Hydrogen sponge? (a) Lithium hydride (b) Diborane (c) Palladium hydride (d) Ammonia

Answer»

(c) Palladium hydride

154.

What is meant by 100 – volume hydrogen peroxide?

Answer»

A 30% solution is marketed as 100 – volume hydrogen peroxide indicating that at STP, 100 volumes of oxygen are liberated per millimeter of the solution.

155.

Explain preparation of hydrogen using electrolysis.

Answer»

High purity of hydrogen (>99.9%) is obtained by the electrolysis of water containing traces of acid or alkali or electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide using a nickel anode and iron cathode. This process is not economical for large scale production.

At anode : 2OH- → H2O + \(\frac{1}{2}\)O2 + 2e- 

At cathode : 2H2O + 2e- → 2OH- + H2 

Overall reaction : H2O → H2 + 14 O2

156.

The magnetic moment of para hydrogen is …(a) one (b) zero (c) twice (d) maximum

Answer»

Answer: (b) zero

157.

Match the List-I and List-Il using the code given below the list.List-IList-IlA. Heavy water1. AntisepticB. Hydrogen peroxide2. ModeratoC. Heavy hydrogen3. Reducing agentD. Lithium Aluminium hydride4. TracerCode: (a) A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3(b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3(C) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4(d) A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2

Answer»

(b) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

158.

Consider the following statements. (i) Hydrogen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless heavy and highly inflammable gas.(ii) Hydrogen is a good reducing agent. (iii) Hydrogen can be liquefied under low pressure and high temperature. Which of the above statements is/are not correct? (a) (i) only (b) (ii) only (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (Hi)

Answer»

(c) (i) and (iii)

159.

Which one of the following is prepared in industry by the auto oxidation of 2-alkylanthraquional? (a) Heavy water (b) Deuterium (c) Hydrogen peroxide (d) Tritium

Answer»

(c) Hydrogen peroxide

160.

What are the uses of hydrogen peroxide?

Answer»
  • H2O2 is used in water treatment to oxidize pollutants. 
  • H2O2 is used as a mild antiseptic. 
  • H2O2 is used as a bleach in textile, paper and haircare industry.
161.

How ammonia is manufactured from Hydrogen? Give the uses of ammonia.

Answer»
  • Ammonia is manufactured by Habe's process in which the largest consumer of hydrogen is used. 

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) 

  • Ammonia is employed for the manufacture of nitric acid, fertilizers and explosives.
162.

Mention the uses of deuterium.

Answer»
  • Deuterium is used as a tracer element. 
  • Deuterium is used to study the movement of ground water by isotopic effect.
163.

Give the uses of heavy water.

Answer»

1. Heavy water is used as moderator in nuclear reactors as it can lower the energies of fast moving neutrons. 

2. D2O is commonly used as an tracer to study organic reaction mechanisms and mechanism of metabolic reactions. 

3. It is also used as a coolant in nuclear reactors as it absorbs the heat generated.

164.

Which of the following is used in illumination of wrist watches? (a) Phosphorous (b) Radon (c) Tritium (d) Deuterium

Answer»

Answer: (c) Tritium

165.

Which one of the following does not contain neutron? (a) ordinary hydrogen (b) Heavy hydrogen (c) Radioactive hydrogen (d) Deuterium

Answer»

(a) ordinary hydrogen

166.

Explain about the uses of hydrogen compounds.

Answer»
  • The hydrogen compounds such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) are commonly used as reducing agents in organic chemistry. 
  • Hydrides such as sodium hydride (NaH) and potassium hydride (KH) are used as strong bases in organic synthesis.
  • Calcium hydride is used as desiccant to remove moisture from organic solvents. 
  • Hydride complexes are catalysts. 
  • Atomic hydrogen and oxy-hydrogen torches for cutting and welding.
  • Hydrogen is used in fuel cells for generating electrical energy. 
  • Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel as well as in space research.
  • Metallic hydrides are used in battery applications.
167.

The half life period of tritium is ……(a) 123.3 year(b) 12.33 years (c) 1 year(d) 1600 years

Answer»

(a) 12.33 years

168.

Mention the uses of tritium.

Answer»
  • Tritium has replaced radium in application such as emergency exit sign.
  • Tritium is used in illumination of wrist watches.
169.

By which rays nuclear reactions are induced in upper atmosphere to produce tritium? (a) α-rays (b) β-rays (c) γ-rays (d) cosmic rays

Answer»

(d) cosmic rays

170.

The density of water is less in its solid state becauseA. in solid state (ice), water molecules are arranged in highly ordered open cage like structureB. more extensive hydrogen bonding is present in solid state iceC. the water molecules are closest in solid state of waterD. water is a rigid crystalline, closely packed structure in its solid state.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The water has maximum density at `4^(@)C` when it is converted to ice, an open cage three dimensional structure is formed.
171.

Liquid water is denser than ice due toA. higher surface tensionB. hydrogen bondingC. van der Waals forcesD. covalent bonding.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Due to extensive H-bonding water is denser than ice. Some of the H-bonding breaks when ice is formed.
172.

Liquid hydrogen is used as (a) a rocket fuel as well as in space research (b) fuel cells for generating electrical energy(c) cutting and welding torch (d) desiccant to remove moisture from organic solvent

Answer»

(a) a rocket fuel as well as in space research

173.

Why is ice less denser than water and what kind of attractive force must be overcome to melt ice?

Answer» Ice is lesss dense or lighter than water because of its porous or cage like structure on account of the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in `H_(2)O` molecules. When ice is melted to form water, energy has to be supplied to overcome attractive forces on account of hydrogen bonding.
174.

Give the advantages of hydrogen used as a fuel.

Answer»

There are following advantages of hydrogen used as a fuel:

(i) It has high calorific value. 

(ii) It is eco-friendly in nature. 

(iii) It can be used in a fuel cell to generate electricity. 

(iv) It can be used I n internal combustion engines with slight modification. 

(v) On mass basis, it can release more energy than petrol (about 3 times)

175.

Give the advantages of future fuel – Hydrogen.

Answer»

Hydrogen is considered as a potential candidate for this purpose as it is a clean burning fuel. Hence, hydrogen can directly be used as a fuel and can replace existing gasoline (petrol) diesellkerosene powered engines, and indirectly be used with oxygen in fuel cells to generate electricity. One major advantage of using hydrogen is that the combustion product is essentially free from pollutants; the end product formed in both cases is water.

176.

The formula of sodium zeolite which is used in permutit process for softening water isA. `Na_(2)OAl_(2)O_(3)Si_(2)OxH_(2)O`B. `Na_(2)Al_(2)Si_(2)O_(4)xH_(2)O`C. `Na_(2)OAlO_(3)SiO_(4)xH_(2)O`D. `K_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(8)xH_(2)O`.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Zeolite is sodium aluminium silicate.
177.

Compare the chemical properties of `H_(2)O and H_(2)O_(2)`.

Answer» Both `H_(2)O and H_(2)O_(2)` are the covalent compounds of hydrogen and oxygen. These are liquids at room temperature. They differ widely. In their chemical characteristics. While hydrogen peroxide in dilute solution is weakly acidic and also acts as an oxidising, reducing as well as bleaching agent, water shows none of these characteristics. It is rather neutral according to Arrhenius theory. For the details of their chmica characteristics, please consult textual knowledge.
178.

In which of the following reactions does reactions does water act as oxidising agent ?A. `3F_(2)+3H_(2)Oto6HF+O_(3)`B. `C(g)+H_(2)O(g)toCO(g)+H_(2)(g)`C. `Ca_(2)P_(2)+6H_(2)Oto3Ca(OH)_(2)+2PH_(3)`D. `2Cl_(2)+2H_(2)Oto4HCl+Cl_(2)`.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
In this reaction C increases its oxidation number from 0 to +2 i.e. water oxides C to `CO_(2)`.
179.

Which of the following molecules can act as an oxidising as well as a reducing agent ?A. `H_(2)S`B. `SO_(3)`C. `H_(2)O_(2)`D. `F_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
180.

In which of the following reactions does hydrogen act as an oxidising agent ?A. `H_(2)+F_(2)rarr`B. `H_(2)+SiCl_(4)rarr`C. `Na+H_(2)rarr`D. `CuO+H_(2)rarr`

Answer» Correct Answer - C
The reaction in which hydrogen accepts the electron or its oxidation number changes from 0 to -1, it acts as an oxidizxing agent. 12Na+H_(2)rarr2Na^(+)H^(-)`
181.

In which of the following reactions, `H_(2)O_(2)` act as a reducing agent ?A. `PbO_(2)(s)+H_(2)O_(2)(aq)toPbO(s)+H_(2)O(l)+O_(2)(g)`B. `Na_(2)SO_(3)(aq)+H_(2)O_(2)(aq)toNa_(2)SO_(4)(aq)+H_(2)O(l)`C. `2KI(aq)+H_(2)O_(2)(aq)to2KOH(aq)+I_(2)(s)`D. `KNO_(2)(aq)+H_(2)O_(2)(aq)toKNO_(3)(aq)+H_(2)O(l)`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
In the follwing reaction `H_(2)O_(2)` acts as a reducing agent.
`PbO_(2)(s)+H_(2)O_(2)(aq)toPbO(s)+H_(2)O(l)+O_(2)(g)`
182.

The process used for the removal of hardness of water isA. CalgonB. BaeyerC. SerpeckD. Hoope.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Calgon process is used for the removal of hardness of water.
183.

When `H_(2)O_(2)` is added to ice cold solution of acidified potassium dichromatic in ether and the contents are shaken and allowed to stand.A. a blue colour is obtained in ether due to formation of `Cr_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)`B. a blue colour is obtained in ether due to formation of `CrO_(5)`C. a blue colour is obtained in ether due to formation of `CrO_(3)`D. chromyl chloride is formed

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)+2H^(+)4H_(2)O_(2)rarr2CrO_(5)+5H_(2)O`
184.

On shaking `H_(2)O_(2)` with acidified potassium dichromate and ether, etheral layer becomesA. greenB. redC. blueD. black.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
This is due to the formation of `CrO_(5)`.
`K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)+H_(2)SO_(4)+4H_(4)O_(2)toK_(2)SO_(4)+2CrO_(5)+5H_(2)O`
185.

When `H_(2)O_(2)` is added to ice cold solution of acidified potassium dichromate containing ether. The contents are shaken allowed to stand, thenA. blue colour is obtained in ether due to formation of `Cr_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)`B. a blue colour is obtained in ether due to formation of `CrO_(5)`C. `CrO_(3)` is formed which dissolves in ether to give blue colourD. Chromyl chloride is formed.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`Cr_(2)O(2)/(7)+2H^(-1)+4H_(2)Ounderset("Blue Carbon")(to2CrO_(5))+6H_(2)O`
186.

The order of reactivity of halogens towards hydrogen isA. `F_(2) lt Cl_(2) lt Br_(2) lt I_(2)`B. `I_(2) lt Br_(2) Cl_(2) lt F_(2)`C. `Cl_(2) lt Br_(2) lt I_(2) lt F_(2)`D. `Br_(2) lt Cl_(2) lt F_(2) lt I_(2)`

Answer» Correct Answer - A
187.

Why does H+ ion always get associated with other atoms or molecules?(i) Ionisation enthalpy of hydrogen resembles that of alkali metals.(ii) Its reactivity is similar to halogens.(iii) It resembles both alkali metals and halogens.(iv) Loss of an electron from hydrogen atom results in a nucleus of very small size as compared to other atoms or ions. Due to smal size it cannot exist free.

Answer»

(iv) Loss of an electron from hydrogen atom results in a nucleus of very small size as compared to other atoms or ions. Due to smal size it cannot exist free.

188.

In what respect electronic configuration of hydrogen and halogens are similar ?A. Hydrogen and halogens have one electron in their outermost shell .B. Hydrogen and halogens have one electron less then the noble gas configuration.C. Hydrogen and halogens can lose one electron to form positive ions.D. Hydrogen and halogens show noble gas configuration.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`H - 1s^(1) , He - 1s^(2)`
Halogen, X - `ns^(2)np^(5)` , Inert gas - `ns^(2)np^(6)`
Both have one electron less than the nearest noble gas configuration.
189.

Explain how ydrogen differs from alkali metals on the basis of ionisation energies.

Answer» Ionisation energy of hydrogen is very high in comparison to that of alkali metals, for example,ionisation energy of H is 1312 Kj/mol wheras that of Li is 520 kJ/mol.
190.

What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

Answer»

Temporary Hardness

Temporary hardness is due to the presence of magnesium and calcium hydrogencarbonates.

Permanent Hardness

It is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphates in water.

191.

In which respect hydrogen differs from alkali metals and halogens?

Answer»

Differences with alkali Metals 

Non-metal: Hydrogen is essentially not a metal like all alkali metals, but a non-metal 

Loss of Electron: Although it has only one electron in its outer shell, hydrogen cannot easily lose this electron to gain electropositivity. All other alkali metals can do this with ease. 

State: At room temperatures where all alkali metals exist is the solid state, hydrogen is a gas. 

size of atom: The H+ ion of hydrogen is much smaller than ions of alkali metals. Ionization 

Potential: The ionization potential of hydrogen is over 300 kcal per mole, The maximum ionization potential for metals is 147 kcal per mole

192.

Hydrogen molecule differs from chlorine molecule in the following respect `:`A. Hydrogen molecule is non -polar but chlorine molecule is polarB. Hydrogen molecule is polar while chlorine molecule is non-polarC. Hydrogen molecule can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds but chlorine molecule does notD. Hydrogen molecule cannot participate in coordination bond fromation but chlorine molecule can

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Chlorine has lone pair which it can donate to form coordinate bond while hydrogen cannot.
193.

Hydrogen molecule differs from chlorine molecule in the following respect `:`A. hydrogen molecule is non `-` polar but chlorine molecule is polar.B. hydrogen molecule is polar while chlorine molecule is non `-` polar.C. hydrogen molecule can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds but chlorine molecular does not.D. hydrogen molecule cannot participate in coordinate bond formation but chlorine molecule can.

Answer» Correct Answer - d
d
194.

Match the following

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D
195.

Hydrogen has the tendency to gain one election to acquire helium configuration, in this respect, it resembles:A. alkali metalsB. carbonC. alkaline earth metalsD. halogens

Answer» Correct Answer - D
General electronic configuration of halogen is `ns^(2)np^(5)`,i.e., they are short of one electron to acquire noble gas configuration.
196.

Hydrogen has the tendency to gain one election to acquire helium configuration, in this respect, it resembles:A. HalogenB. Alkali metalsC. ChalcogensD. Alkaline earth metals

Answer» Correct Answer - A
`underset(1s^(1))(H)+e^(-)rarrunderset(1s^(2)or [He]^(2))(H^(-))`
`underset([He]^(2)2s^(2)2p^(5))(F)+e^(-)rarrunderset([He]^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)or [Ne]^(10))(F^(-))`
197.

Which of the following statements is correct?A. Elements of group 15 forms electron difficient hydrides.B. All elements of group 14 form electron precise hydrides.C. Electron precise hydrides have tetrahedral geometries.D. Electron rich hydrides can act as Lewis acids.

Answer» (b,c) Both the statements are correct.
198.

Match the following

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D
199.

Othro and para hydrogens differ in theA. In the number of protonsB. In the molecular weightC. In the nature of spins of protonsD. In the nature of spins of electrons.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
In ortho hydrogen, the spin of protons are in the same direction whereas in para hydrogen the spin of proton are in the opposite direction.
200.

Match the following

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D