InterviewSolution
Saved Bookmarks
InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries and bee-keeping? |
| Answer» The common factor for increasing production in poultry, fisheries, and bee keeping is the proper management techniques that are to be followed. Regular cleaning of farms is of utmost importance. Maintenance of temperature and prevention and cure of diseases is also required to increase the number of animals. | |
| 2. |
Distinguish between (a) Inland fishery and marine fishery (b) Culture fishery and capture fishery (c ) Aquaculture and pisciculture |
|
Answer» (a) Inland fishery is the rearing of fish in fresh water whereas marine fishery is the rearing of fish in sea water (b) Culture fishery is the raising of fish in ponds and tanks whereas capture fishery is management of catching of fish without raising them. (c ) Aquaculture is rearing and management of fish, oysters, mussles and other aquatic animals and plants. The pisciculture is rearing, catching and management of catching of fish. |
|
| 3. |
The figure shows two crop fields (plots A and B) have been treated by manures and chemical fertilizers, respectively, keeping other environment factors same. Observe the graph and answer the following question: (i) Why does plot B shows sudden increase and then gradual decrease in yield ? (ii) Why is the highest peak in plot A graph slightly delayed? (iii) What is the reason for the different pattern of the two graphs. |
|
Answer» (i) Addition of chemical fertilizers in plot B will result in sudden increase in yield due to more availability of N, P, K nutrients. The gradual decline may be due to killing of useful microbes in soil as a result of persistence of chemicals in the soil. This decreases soil fertility. (ii) In plot A, manures supply nutrients slowly to the soil manures contain large quantity of organic matter which is slowly decomposed by microbes to release nutrients in small quantities. Thus, manures enrich soil fertility gradually. (iii) Different patterns in two graphs are due to the reason that use of manures is beneficial for long duration in crop fields to keep soil fertility high whereas chemical fertilizers lead to problems when used continuously for long time. Loss of microbes lead to decrease in decomposition of organic matter and as a result soil fertility is reduced. |
|
| 4. |
What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production? |
| Answer» Pasturage is the availability of flowers from which bees collect nectar and pollen. It is related to the production of honey as it determines the taste and quantity of honey. | |
| 5. |
What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production ? |
| Answer» Pasturage is the availability of flowers for nectar and pollen collection. The quality and taste of the honey is determined by the kind and quantity of pasturage. | |
| 6. |
What are macro-nutrients and why are they called macro- nutrients ? |
| Answer» Macro-nutrients are those nutrients which are required in large quantities for growth and development of plants. Since they are required in large quantities, they are known as macro-nutrient. The six macro-nutrients required by plants are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium , calcium, magnesium , and sulphur. | |
| 7. |
How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production ? |
|
Answer» Biotic factors such as pests, insects and diseases reduce the crop production. A pest causes damage to our crops by feeding. Weeds also reduce crop productivity by competing with the main crop for nutrients and light. Similarly, abiotic factors such as temperature, wind , rain etc. affect the net crop production. For example droughts and floods have a great impact on crops sometimes, destroying the entire crop. |
|
| 8. |
Name the components of cattle feed. |
| Answer» Roughage and Concentrates. | |
| 9. |
What are the benefits of cattle farming? |
|
Answer» Benefits of cattle farming: `rarr` Good quality and quantity of milk can be produced. `rarr` Draught labour animals can be produced for agricultural work. `rarr` New variety that are resistant to diseases can be produced by crossing two varienties with the desired traits. |
|
| 10. |
Which method is commonly used for improving cattle breeds and why? |
| Answer» Cross Breeding is commonly used for improving cattle breeds. Cross breeding between two good varieties of cattle will produce a new improved variety. For example, the cross between foreign breeds such as Jersey Brown, Swiss and Indian breeds such as Red Sindhi, Sahiwal produces a new variety having qualities of both breeds. | |
| 11. |
What management practices are common in dairy and poultry farming? |
|
Answer» Common management practices in dairy and poultry farming are : `rarr` Proper shelter facilities and their regular cleaning . `rarr` Some basic hygienic conditions such as clean water, nutritious food, etc. `rarr` Animals are kept in spacious , airy, and ventilated place. `rarr` Prevention and cure of diseases at the right time is ensured. |
|
| 12. |
What are the desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements ? |
|
Answer» The desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements are : `rarr` Tallness and profuse branching in any fodder crop. `rarr` Dwarfness in cereals. |
|
| 13. |
Give any two common diseases of cattle. |
| Answer» (i) Anthrax (ii) Foot and mouth disease. | |
| 14. |
On the basis of the following characteristics, identify A, B, C, D and E from the list given below : List : Common carps, grass carps, Rohus, Catlas, Mrigals Characteristics : A are surface feeders, B feed in the middle-zone of the pond, C and D are bottom feeders, E feed on the weeds |
| Answer» A = Catlas, B = Rohus, C = Mrigals, D = Common carps, E = Grass carps. | |
| 15. |
What are cereals ? |
| Answer» Wheat, barley, rice and other similar grains belonging to grass family are called cereals. | |
| 16. |
What is white revolution ? |
| Answer» Increase in production of milk and milk products is called white revolution. | |
| 17. |
Define animals husbandry. |
| Answer» Animal husbandary is the agricultural practice of feeding, breeding and raising animal livestock whose primary purpose is to provide meat and milk. | |
| 18. |
How is genetically modified crop produced ? Explain. |
| Answer» Selection and hybridization methods involve the whole genomes of plants. Latest recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering involves transfer of one or more genes (i.e. DNA fragments) from one plant to another. The plant in which foreign gene has been introduced in called genetically modified plant. | |
| 19. |
What are draught animals ? Give two examples. |
| Answer» Animals used in agriculture and for transport are called draught animals. Examples, Bullocks and Horses. | |
| 20. |
(a) What are draught animals ? Give atleast 3 examples. (b) In which ways are draught animals utilized in India, particularly in hilly terrains and sandy deserts ? |
|
Answer» (a) Animals used in agriculture and for transport are called draught animals. For example- Horses, bullocks, mules etc. (b) In hilly terrains and sandy deserts, these are utilized as means of transport. They are also utilized in agricultural practices such as tilling and irrigation. |
|
| 21. |
(a) What is composite fish culture ? What criteria do you take in the selection of fishes in this culture ? Also give its advantage. (b) List atleast three species of Indian major carps and exotic carps which are generally cultured in composite fish culture. |
|
Answer» (a) Now a days, a combination of 3 or more species of fish (maximum 5 or 6 species) are cultured in a single pond. Such a culture is called composite fish culture. Criteria used for selection of fishes (i) The selected species should be fast growing. (ii) They should not compete with each other for space and nutrition. (iii) They live in distinct zones inside the pond. (iv) Their feeding habits are distinct. Advantages (i) Fish yield is enhanced with the same cost (ii) This technique utilises most of the available food in the water pond/reservoir. (b) Selected species for composite fish culture. Inidan Major Carps- Rohu, Catla and Mrigal Exotic Carps- Silver carp, Grass carp and Common carp. |
|
| 22. |
(a) Expand abbreviation CFCs. Where are these commercially used ? (b) How these gases bring depletion of ozone layer ? |
| Answer» CFCs-Chlorofluorocarbons , | |
| 23. |
(i) List atleast three categories of animal connective tissues. (ii) Differentitate between tendons and ligaments. |
| Answer» (i) Adipose tissue, skeletal tissue, vascular tissues | |
| 24. |
Name any two abiotic factors which result in loss to stored grains. |
| Answer» (i) Moisture and temperature. | |
| 25. |
Find out the correct sentene about manure (i) Manure contains large quantites of organic matter and small quantites of nutrients. (ii) It increases the water holding capacity of sandy soil. (iii) It helps in draining out of excess of water from clayey soil. (iv) Its excessive use pollutes environment because it is made of animal excretory waste.A. (i) and (iii)B. (i) and (ii)C. (ii) and (iii)D. (iii) and (iv) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 26. |
Cattle husbandry is done for the following purposes `" (i) Milk production"" ""(ii) Agricultural work"` `"(iii) Meat production"" ""(iv) Egg production"`A. (i), (ii) and (iii)B. (ii), (iii) and (iv)C. (iii) and (iv)D. (i) and (iv) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 27. |
Group the following and tabulate them as energy yielding protein yielding oil yielding and fodder crop. Wheat rice berseem maize gram oat pigeon gram sudan grass lentil soyabean groundnut castor and mustard. |
|
Answer» Energy yielding - wheat, rice, maize Protein yielding - grain, pigeon, gram, lentil, soybean Oil yielding - groundnut, castor, mustard, soybean Fodder crops - barseem, oat, sudan grass. |
|
| 28. |
What products are obtained from bee-keeping ? |
| Answer» Honey, Wax, Propolis and Bee-poison. | |
| 29. |
Why is excess use of fertilisers detrimental for environment? |
| Answer» Hints. Fertilizers, when used in excess quantities, result in environmental pollution as their residues and excess amounts become pollutants in water, soil and in air. | |
| 30. |
Discuss why the pesticides are used in very accurate concentration and at very appropriate time. |
|
Answer» If pesticides are used in excess concentrations, they will (i) harm the soil fertility as organic matter is not replenished. (ii) kill the useful soil microorganisms. (iii) cause environmental (air, water and soil) pollution. |
|
| 31. |
Give one word for the following (a) Farming without the use of chemicals as fertilisers herbicides and pesticides is known as `"_________"` (b) Growing of wheat and groundnut on the same field is called as `"_________"` (C) Planting soyabean and maize in alternate rows in the same field is called as `"_________"` (d) Growing different crops on a piece of land in pre-planned succession is known as `"_________"` (e) xanthium and Parthenium are commonly known as `"_________"` (f) Causal organism of any disease is called as `"_________"` |
| Answer» (a) organic farming (b) mixed cropping (c ) inter cropping (d) crop rotation (e) weeds (f) pathogen. | |
| 32. |
Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yield. |
| Answer» Inter cropping is a method of crop production which ensures high yield. It is a practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field in rows. In inter cropping definite row patterns are followed such as one row of main crop of is followed by two row of intercrop. In inter cropping there is greater utilisation of the interspaced area, light , nutrients, water and air. As a result productivity per unit area increased. | |
| 33. |
What are micronutrients ? |
| Answer» The mineral elements required by plants in trace or micro amounts are called micronutrients. They are iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum and chlorine. | |
| 34. |
What is plant breeding ? |
| Answer» The science of improvement in genotype of plants by improving their genetic potentialities is called plant breeding. | |
| 35. |
What are the different methods of plant breeding. |
| Answer» The different methods of plant breeding are introduction, selection, hybridizationa and recombinant DNA technology (genetic engineering). | |
| 36. |
Discuss various methods for weed control. |
|
Answer» Hints. Various methods of weed control are - (i) Hand pulling (ii) Tillage (iii) Mowing (iv) Flooding (v) Proper seed bed preparation (vi) Intercropping (vii) Crop rotation (viii) Use of chemical herbicides. |
|
| 37. |
Differentiate between compost and vermicompost? |
| Answer» Compost. It is formed by the partial degradation of farm waste materials (livestock excrete, vegetable and fruit peels and wastes, animal refuse, domestic waste, straw, weeds etc.) and used as maure. Vermi-compost. The compost prepared due to the action of earthworms in the soil. | |
| 38. |
Discuss the role of hydridisation in crop improvement. |
| Answer» Hybridization may be intra-varietal, inter-varietal, inter-specific and intergeneric - Two crops with desired characters are crossed to obtain a new crop having desired traits of parental crops. It helps in increasing the yield, disease resistance, pest resistance etc. | |
| 39. |
List out some useful traits in improved crop ? |
|
Answer» Useful traits in improved crops are : High yield (ii) Improved nutritional quality (iii) Biotic and abiotic resistance (iv) Change in maturity duration (v) Wider adaptability (vi) Desirable agronomic characteristics. |
|
| 40. |
What are macronutrients and why are they called macronutrients ? |
| Answer» The macronutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. They are called macronutrients because they are required by crop plants in larger amounts. | |
| 41. |
Which of the following conditions will give the most benefits? Why? (a) Farmers use high-quality seeds, do not adopt irrigation or use fertilizers. (b) Farmers use ordinary seeds, adopt irrigation and use fertilizer. (c) Farmers use quality seeds, adopt irrigation, use fertilizer and use crop protection measures. |
| Answer» The conditions at (c ) will give the most benefits because all these conditions are required for good crop production. High quality seeds germinate properly and grow to healthy plants. Irrigation helps crop plants to fight against draught stress. Fertilizers provide nutrients and crop protections measures protect the plants from diseases. | |
| 42. |
Compare the use of manure and fertilizers in maintaining soil fertility. |
| Answer» Manure contains many organic substances of biological origin which can be easily degraded and absorbed by plants. It helps in recycling of biological waste. They increase the fertility of soil for long duration without causing any harm. The chemical fertilizers, on the other hand, improve soil fertility for short duration but cause environmental hazard. Continuous use of fertilizers in a particular area causes destruction of soil fertility. | |
| 43. |
What is apiculture ? |
| Answer» Apiculture or bee-keeping is domestication of honey bees for production of honey and wax on commercial basis. | |
| 44. |
What are macronutrients ? How many are there in plants ? |
|
Answer» The elements required in large amounts are called macronutrients. Six macronutrients are needed by plants. |
|
| 45. |
Name two marine fishes and two fresh water fishes. |
| Answer» Marine fish : Pomphrets and Mackerels , Fresh water fish : Rohu and Catla. | |
| 46. |
Name any two marine and fresh water fishes popularly consumed as food. |
|
Answer» Marine fishes - Pomphrets, Tuna Fresh water fishes - Rohu, Malhi. |
|
| 47. |
What is hybridisation ? |
| Answer» Hybridisation is crossing between genetically dissimilar plants. | |
| 48. |
Name some fodder crops raised as food for the livestock. |
| Answer» Berseem, Oats and Sudan grass. | |
| 49. |
Name any two oil seeds. |
| Answer» Soyabean and Ground nut. | |
| 50. |
Which one is an oil yielding plant among the following ?A. LentilB. SunflowerC. CauliflowerD. Hibiscus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |