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The CORRECT answer is (B) DATA layer

Easiest explanation: In OSI model, we are having 7 LAYERS in which the network layer ISSUES request to the layer below it called Data Link Layer.

Right ANSWER is (c) Federation

To explain: XMPP supports federation, meaning devices from different MANUFACTURES CONNECTED to different PLATFORMS can talk to each other with a standard communication protocol.

Correct OPTION is (b) Response message

The best explanation: A status LINE which includes the status code and REASON message (e.g., HTTP/1.1 200 OK, which indicates that the CLIENT’s request succeeded).

The CORRECT choice is (d) Transport layer

The best explanation: IOT is, of course all about connection to the internet. And even more so, it is about security. Without security and without ENCRYPTED communication, anyone can see what I SEND and receive. So encryption and secure communication are key. The solution is to use a connection that uses the TLS(Transport Layer Security) PROTOCOL.

Right answer is (d) TCP/IP

Easiest explanation: STANDARD PORTS of MQTT are TCP/IP. TCP/IP port 1883 is reserved with IANA for use with MQTT.

The correct choice is (c) CoAP

Explanation: CoAP needs to consider OPTIMIZING length of datagram and SATISFYING REST protocol to SUPPORT URI. It also needs to provide DEPENDABLE communication based on UDP protocol.

The correct choice is (C) I2C

Best explanation: The i2c protocol also known as the TWO WIRE INTERFACE is a simple serial communication protocol that uses just pins of a microcontroller namely SCL and SDA.

Correct option is (a) Queued SPI

Explanation: A Queued serial peripheral Interface is a TYPE of SPI controller that uses a DATA QUEUE to TRANSFER data across the SPI BUS.

The correct choice is (a) MM

To explain I would say: The MM BIT in control REGISTER defines the address bit or idle line MULTIPROCESSOR protocol mode. Both formats use the wake up on transmitting, using the address FEATURE function (TWWake bit), and on activating the RXWake bit.

The CORRECT option is (c) 2 versions

The best I can explain: Two versions of the Internet Protocol are in common use in the Internet today. The original VERSION of the Internet Protocol for use in the Internet is Internet Protocol Version 4, FIRST installed in 1983.

The correct choice is (a) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

The best explanation: The IP address space is MANAGED globally by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA), and by five Regional Internet Registries(RIR) RESPONSIBLE in their DESIGNATED territories for assignment to end USERS and local Internet registries, such as Internet services providers.

Right choice is (a) True

To explain: The application layer is the ending of DATA TRANSFER. When you GET here, you will find applications like Microsoft word or programs like JAVA.

The correct choice is (b) MQTT

Explanation: IoT needs standard protocols. TWO of the most PROMISING for small DEVICES are MQTT and COAP. Both ATE standard protocols.

Right option is (b) Message

For EXPLANATION: MQTT is message ORIENTED. EVERY message is a DISCRETE chunk of data, opaque to the broker

MQTT is message oriented. Every message is a discrete chunk of data, opaque to the broker.

Right choice is (a) M2M COMMUNICATION

For explanation: MQTT is a PUBLIC messaging protocol designed for LIGHTWEIGHT M2M communication. It was originally developed by IBM and is now an OPEN standard.

Right option is (a) True

Easiest explanation: CoAP is one of the LATEST APPLICATION LAYER protocol developed by IETF for smart DEVICES to connect to the INTERNET.

Correct OPTION is (b) 10 KiB of RAM and 100 KiB of ROM

To elaborate: The Internet of Things will NEED billions of nodes, many of which will need to be inexpensive. COAP has been designed to work on microcontrollers with as low as 10 KiB of RAM and 100 KiB of ROM (code SPACE).

Correct answer is (B) Line for the slave to SEND data to the master

To ELABORATE: MISO is the logic signal. The data will be RECEIVED by master from the slave.

The correct answer is (b) False

Explanation: The SPI is accurately described as a synchronous interface, but it is different from the synchronous serial interface(SSI) protocol, which is also a employs DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALING and PROVIDES only a single simplex communication channel.

Right answer is (b) two

For explanation: These formats can be used to transfer information between many microcomputers on the same serial link. Information is TRANSFERRED as a block of frames from a particular SOURCE to ONE or more destinations.

Right answer is (d) SIMPLEX, half DUPLEX, full duplex

To elaborate: COMMUNICATION MAY be simplex(in ONE direction only no provision for the receiving device to send data back to the transmission device), full duplex(both devices send and receive data at the same time), half duplex(devices takes turns transmitting and receiving).

The correct OPTION is (b) MAC address

Easiest EXPLANATION: Hardware and SOFTWARE working together, IP address and MAC address working together. For this reason, the MAC address is SOMETIMES referred to as a NETWORKING hardware address, the burned in address or the physical address.

The correct answer is (c) End to End PRINCIPLE

The explanation is: The design of the Internet protocol suite ADHERES to the end to end principle, a concept ADAPTED from the CYCLADES project. Under the end to end principle, the network infrastructure is considered inherently UNRELIABLE at any signal network element or transmission medium and is dynamic in terms of availability of links and NOTES.

The correct choice is (a) Transport layer

The explanation: In OSI model, we are having 7 layers in which the NETWORK layer responds to REQUEST from the layer above it CALLED Transport Layer.

Right choice is (a) IPv6 PROTOCOL

Explanation: All modern desktop and enterprise server operating systems include NATIVE SUPPORT for the IPv6 protocol, but it is not yet widely DEPLOYED in other devices, such as residential networking ROUTERS, voice over IP(VoIP)and multimedia equipment, and network peripherals.

Right answer is (a) SESSION Initiation PROTOCOL

For explanation: XMPP has OFTEN regarded as a competitor to SIMPLE, BASED on Session Initiation Protocol, as the standard protocol for instant messaging and presence notification.

Right option is (a) 5 signals

The best explanation: The SPI BUS specifies five logic signals:

 SCLK: Serial clock(OUTPUT from MASTER)

 MOSI: Master Output Input, Master Out Slave In(data output from master)

 MISO: Master Input Slave Output, or master In Slave Out( data output from master)

 SDIO: Serial Data I/O(bidirectional I/O)

 SS: Slave Select(OFTEN ACTIVE low, output from master).

Correct choice is (b) Microwire

To explain I would say: Microwire often spelled uwire, is essential a PREDECESSOR OD SPI and a trademark of National Semiconductor. It is subset of SPI: half duplex, and USING SPI MODE 0.

The correct ANSWER is (b) Master TRANSMIT

To ELABORATE: The master is initially in master transmit MODE by sending a start BIT followed by 7 bit address of the slave.

The correct answer is (a) True

Best explanation: This PROTOCOL will address a large NUMBER of slave devices that are CONNECTED to the same BUS.

The correct answer is (a) True

To elaborate: MAC ADDRESSES are very USEFUL in diagnosing network issues, such as problems with IP address. They are useful for network DIAGNOSIS because they never change, as opposed to a dynamic IP address, which can change from time to time.

Correct option is (C) Regional Internet Registries

Explanation: The IP address space is managed globally by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA), and by five Regional Internet Registries(RIR) responsible in their designated territories for assignment to END USERS and local Internet registries, such as Internet services providers.

Correct option is (C) Congestive COLLAPSE

For explanation: Congestion control can control TRAFFIC ENTRY into a telecommunications network, so to avoid Congestive collapse by attempting to avoid oversubscription of any of the processing or link capabilities of the intermediate nodes.

Right choice is (b) Internet Control Message PROTOCOL

For EXPLANATION: The Internet Protocol is the key network layer protocol that implements the TCP/IP Protocol SUITES. Since IP is the protocol that provides the mechanism for delivering datagrams, between DEVICES, it is designed to be relatively basic, and to function with few “bell and whistles”.

The correct choice is (b) Packets

To explain I would say: Data is TRANSFERRED in the form of packets via logical network paths in an ordered format CONTROLLED by the network LAYER.

Right answer is (d) The DEVICES that operates at NETWORK

To elaborate: The network interconnection devices that operate at the network LAYER are usually called routes, which at this point should hopefully COME as no surprise to you.

Right option is (b) False

To explain I would say: The TCP/IP INTERNET layer is in fact only a SUBSET of functionality of the NETWORK layer. It DESCRIBES only one TYPE of network architecture, the Internet.

The correct option is (a) Decentralized client-SERVER

Easy explanation: The XMPP uses a decentralized client-server architecture where CLIENTS do not talk directly to one ANOTHER, but there is no CENTRAL server.

Right CHOICE is (a) Message Queuing Telemetry TRANSPORT

For explanation: MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight MESSAGING PROTOCOL that provides resource-constrained network clients with a simple way to DISTRIBUTE telemetry information.

Right choice is (b) XML

Best EXPLANATION: XMPP is an open PROTOCOL for streaming XML elements in order to exchange messages and PRESENCE INFORMATION in close to real time.