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Extensible Markup LANGUAGE. A markup language that ALLOWS you to define the tags (markup) needed to identify the DATA and text in XML DOCUMENTS.

Extensible Markup Language. A markup language that allows you to define the tags (markup) needed to identify the data and text in XML documents.

An OBJECT that ENCAPSULATES and DELEGATES to another object to alter its INTERFACE or behavior in some way.

An object that encapsulates and delegates to another object to alter its interface or behavior in some way.

Files on a file system that can be VIEWED (read) by any user. For example: files residing on WEB servers can only be viewed by INTERNET users if their permissions have been set to WORLD READABLE.

Files on a file system that can be viewed (read) by any user. For example: files residing on Web servers can only be viewed by Internet users if their permissions have been set to world readable.

A Java KEYWORD USED to declare a LOOP that iterates a block of statements. The loop's exit condition is specified as part of the while STATEMENT.

A Java keyword used to declare a loop that iterates a block of statements. The loop's exit condition is specified as part of the while statement.

Software that PROVIDES services to access the Internet, an intranet, or an extranet. A WEB server hosts Web sites, provides support for HTTP and other PROTOCOLS, and executes server-side programs (such as CGI scripts or servlets) that perform certain functions.

Software that provides services to access the Internet, an intranet, or an extranet. A Web server hosts Web sites, provides support for HTTP and other protocols, and executes server-side programs (such as CGI scripts or servlets) that perform certain functions.

A Java keyword USED in variable declarations that SPECIFIES that the variable is modified ASYNCHRONOUSLY by concurrently running THREADS.

A Java keyword used in variable declarations that specifies that the variable is modified asynchronously by concurrently running threads.

A JAVA keyword USED in method DECLARATIONS to specify that the method does not return any VALUE. void can also be used as a nonfunctional statement.

A Java keyword used in method declarations to specify that the method does not return any value. void can also be used as a nonfunctional statement.

An abstract SPECIFICATION for a computing device that can be implemented in different ways, in software or hardware. You compile to the instruction set of a virtual machine much like you'd compile to the instruction set of a microprocessor. The JAVA virtual machine consists of a BYTE CODE instruction set, a set of registers, a STACK, a garbage-collected heap, and an area for storing methods.

An abstract specification for a computing device that can be implemented in different ways, in software or hardware. You compile to the instruction set of a virtual machine much like you'd compile to the instruction set of a microprocessor. The Java virtual machine consists of a byte code instruction set, a set of registers, a stack, a garbage-collected heap, and an area for storing methods.

An item of data NAMED by an identifier. Each variable has a TYPE, such as int or OBJECT, and a scope. See also class variable, instance variable, LOCAL variable.

An item of data named by an identifier. Each variable has a type, such as int or Object, and a scope. See also class variable, instance variable, local variable.

UNIFORM Resource Name. A unique identifier that IDENTIFIES an entity, but doesn't tell where it is LOCATED. A SYSTEM can use a URN to look up an entity locally before trying to find it on the Web. It also allows the Web location to change, while still allowing the entity to be found.

Uniform Resource Name. A unique identifier that identifies an entity, but doesn't tell where it is located. A system can use a URN to look up an entity locally before trying to find it on the Web. It also allows the Web location to change, while still allowing the entity to be found.

UNIFORM Resource Locator. A standard for writing a text reference to an arbitrary piece of data in the WWW. A URL LOOKS like "protocol://HOST/localinfo" where protocol specifies a protocol to use to fetch the object (like HTTP or FTP), host specifies the Internet name of the host on which to find it, and localinfo is a string (often a file name) passed to the protocol handler on the remote host.

Uniform Resource Locator. A standard for writing a text reference to an arbitrary piece of data in the WWW. A URL looks like "protocol://host/localinfo" where protocol specifies a protocol to use to fetch the object (like HTTP or FTP), host specifies the Internet name of the host on which to find it, and localinfo is a string (often a file name) passed to the protocol handler on the remote host.

Uniform Resource IDENTIFIER. A COMPACT string of characters for identifying an abstract or physical resource. A URI is either a URL or a URN. URLS and URNs are concrete entities that ACTUALLY exist; A URI is an abstract superclass.

Uniform Resource Identifier. A compact string of characters for identifying an abstract or physical resource. A URI is either a URL or a URN. URLs and URNs are concrete entities that actually exist; A URI is an abstract superclass.

A 16-bit CHARACTER set DEFINED by ISO 10646. SEE also ASCII. All source CODE in the Java PROGRAMMING environment is written in Unicode.

A 16-bit character set defined by ISO 10646. See also ASCII. All source code in the Java programming environment is written in Unicode.

A CLASS or INTERFACE.

A class or interface.

A Java keyword that DEFINES a block of statements that MAY throw a Java language exception. If an exception is THROWN, an optional catch block can HANDLE specific exceptions thrown within the try block. Also, an optional finally block will be executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.

A Java keyword that defines a block of statements that may throw a Java language exception. If an exception is thrown, an optional catch block can handle specific exceptions thrown within the try block. Also, an optional finally block will be executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.

A keyword in the Java programming language that indicates that a field is not part of the serialized FORM of an object. When an object is serialized, the values of its transient FIELDS are not INCLUDED in the SERIAL representation, while the values of its non-transient fields are included.

A keyword in the Java programming language that indicates that a field is not part of the serialized form of an object. When an object is serialized, the values of its transient fields are not included in the serial representation, while the values of its non-transient fields are included.

Provides the SERVICES and management FUNCTIONS required to support TRANSACTION demarcation, transactional resource management, synchronization, and transaction CONTEXT propagation.

Provides the services and management functions required to support transaction demarcation, transactional resource management, synchronization, and transaction context propagation.

The degree to which the intermediate STATE of the DATA being MODIFIED by a TRANSACTION is visible to other concurrent transactions and data being modified by other transactions is visible to it.

The degree to which the intermediate state of the data being modified by a transaction is visible to other concurrent transactions and data being modified by other transactions is visible to it.

An atomic unit of work that MODIFIES data. A transaction encloses ONE or more program statements, all of which either COMPLETE or roll BACK. Transactions enable multiple users to ACCESS the same data concurrently.

An atomic unit of work that modifies data. A transaction encloses one or more program statements, all of which either complete or roll back. Transactions enable multiple users to access the same data concurrently.

A Java KEYWORD used in method DECLARATIONS that specify which exceptions are not handled within the method but rather passed to the NEXT higher level of the program.

A Java keyword used in method declarations that specify which exceptions are not handled within the method but rather passed to the next higher level of the program.

A Java keyword that allows the user to throw an exception or any CLASS that IMPLEMENTS the "THROWABLE" INTERFACE.

A Java keyword that allows the user to throw an exception or any class that implements the "throwable" interface.

A Java keyword 'that' can be used to REPRESENT an instance of the class in which it APPEARS. 'this' can be used to ACCESS class VARIABLES and METHODS.

A Java keyword 'that' can be used to represent an instance of the class in which it appears. 'this' can be used to access class variables and methods.

A SYSTEM that runs a very light operating system with no LOCAL system ADMINISTRATION and EXECUTES applications delivered over the network.

A system that runs a very light operating system with no local system administration and executes applications delivered over the network.

A test suite, a set of TOOLS, and other REQUIREMENTS used to CERTIFY an implementation of a particular Sun TECHNOLOGY conformant both to the applicable specifications and to Sun or Sun-designated REFERENCE implementations.

A test suite, a set of tools, and other requirements used to certify an implementation of a particular Sun technology conformant both to the applicable specifications and to Sun or Sun-designated reference implementations.

Transmission Control Protocol BASED on IP. This is an Internet protocol that PROVIDES for the reliable delivery of streams of data from ONE host to another.

Transmission Control Protocol based on IP. This is an Internet protocol that provides for the reliable delivery of streams of data from one host to another.

A KEYWORD in the Java programming language that, when applied to a method or code block, guarantees that at most one thread at a time EXECUTES that code.

A keyword in the Java programming language that, when applied to a method or code block, guarantees that at most one thread at a time executes that code.

A collection of GRAPHICAL user interface (GUI) components that runs uniformly on any native platform which SUPPORTS the Java virtual machine*. Because they are WRITTEN ENTIRELY in the Java programming language, these components MAY provide functionality above and beyond that provided by native-platform equivalents.

A collection of graphical user interface (GUI) components that runs uniformly on any native platform which supports the Java virtual machine*. Because they are written entirely in the Java programming language, these components may provide functionality above and beyond that provided by native-platform equivalents.

A Java keyword used to evaluate a VARIABLE that can later be matched with a VALUE SPECIFIED by the CASE keyword in ORDER to execute a group of statements.

A Java keyword used to evaluate a variable that can later be matched with a value specified by the case keyword in order to execute a group of statements.

The supertypes of a TYPE are all the INTERFACES and CLASSES that are EXTENDED or IMPLEMENTED by that type.

The supertypes of a type are all the interfaces and classes that are extended or implemented by that type.

A JAVA KEYWORD USED to access MEMBERS of a class inherited by the class in which it appears.

A Java keyword used to access members of a class inherited by the class in which it appears.

A CLASS from which a PARTICULAR class is derived, PERHAPS with one or more classes in between.

A class from which a particular class is derived, perhaps with one or more classes in between.

If TYPE X EXTENDS or IMPLEMENTS type Y, then X is a SUBTYPE of Y.

If type X extends or implements type Y, then X is a subtype of Y.

A CLASS that is DERIVED from a PARTICULAR class, perhaps with one or more CLASSES in between.

A class that is derived from a particular class, perhaps with one or more classes in between.

A stream is simply a byte-stream of data that is SENT from a SENDER to a RECEIVER. There are two basic categories, so the java.io package INCLUDES two abstract classes (InputStream and OUTPUTSTREAM).

A stream is simply a byte-stream of data that is sent from a sender to a receiver. There are two basic categories, so the java.io package includes two abstract classes (InputStream and OutputStream).

Methods declared with the keyword static as modifier are called static methods or class methods.

There are two types of methods:

• Instance methods : associated with an object and use the instance variables of that object. This is the DEFAULT.
• Static methods : use no instance variables of any object of the class they are defined in. If you DEFINE a method to be static, you will be given a RUDE message by the compiler if you try to access any instance variables. You can access static variables, but except for constants, this is unusual. Static methods typically take all they data from parameters and compute something from those parameters, with no reference to variables. This is typical of methods which do some kind of GENERIC calculation. A good example of this are the many UTILITY methods in the predefined Math class.

Methods declared with the keyword static as modifier are called static methods or class methods.

There are two types of methods:

A STATIC FIELD is a class field, which means that its data is STORED in one location in memory, no matter how many objects are created from its class. In FACT, you can use a static field to keep track of how many objects have been created from a PARTICULAR class.

A static field is a class field, which means that its data is stored in one location in memory, no matter how many objects are created from its class. In fact, you can use a static field to keep track of how many objects have been created from a particular class.

A Java keyword USED to define a variable as a class variable. Classes maintain one copy of class variables regardless of how many instances exist of that class. static can ALSO be used to define a method as a class method. Class METHODS are invoked by the class instead of a specific instance, and can only operate on class variables.

A Java keyword used to define a variable as a class variable. Classes maintain one copy of class variables regardless of how many instances exist of that class. static can also be used to define a method as a class method. Class methods are invoked by the class instead of a specific instance, and can only operate on class variables.

STRUCTURED Query Language. The standardized RELATIONAL database language for defining database objects and manipulating DATA.

Structured Query Language. The standardized relational database language for defining database objects and manipulating data.

The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) USES a combination of XML-based data structuring and the Hyper Text TRANSFER Protocol (HTTP) to define a standardized method for invoking methods in objects DISTRIBUTED in DIVERSE operating environments across the Internet.

The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) uses a combination of XML-based data structuring and the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to define a standardized method for invoking methods in objects distributed in diverse operating environments across the Internet.

STANDARDIZED Generalized MARKUP Language. An ISO/ANSI/ECMA standard that SPECIFIES a WAY to ANNOTATE text documents with information about types of sections of a document.

Standardized Generalized Markup Language. An ISO/ANSI/ECMA standard that specifies a way to annotate text documents with information about types of sections of a document.

In the JAVA language specification, describes a floating point NUMBER with 32 BITS of data. See also double PRECISION.

In the Java language specification, describes a floating point number with 32 bits of data. See also double precision.

A JAVA keyword used to DEFINE a variable of TYPE short.

A Java keyword used to define a variable of type short.

The ENCODING of objects, and the objects REACHABLE from them, into a stream of bytes and the complementary reconstruction of the OBJECT GRAPH from the stream.

The encoding of objects, and the objects reachable from them, into a stream of bytes and the complementary reconstruction of the object graph from the stream.

A scope over which the same security mechanism is used to ENFORCE a security POLICY. MULTIPLE security policy domains can exist within a SINGLE technology domain.

A scope over which the same security mechanism is used to enforce a security policy. Multiple security policy domains can exist within a single technology domain.

A scope over which security policies are defined and enforced by a security administrator. A security policy domain has the following characteristics:
It has a collection of users (or principals).
It uses a WELL defined AUTHENTICATION protocol(s) for AUTHENTICATING users (or principals).
It may have GROUPS to SIMPLIFY setting of security policies.

A scope over which security policies are defined and enforced by a security administrator. A security policy domain has the following characteristics:
It has a collection of users (or principals).
It uses a well defined authentication protocol(s) for authenticating users (or principals).
It may have groups to simplify setting of security policies.

An OBJECT that encapsulates the SHARED STATE INFORMATION regarding security between two ENTITIES.

An object that encapsulates the shared state information regarding security between two entities.

A SET of properties ASSOCIATED with a principal. Security attributes can be associated with a principal by an AUTHENTICATION protocol.

A set of properties associated with a principal. Security attributes can be associated with a principal by an authentication protocol.

A PROTOCOL that ALLOWS COMMUNICATION between a Web browser and a SERVER to be encrypted for privacy.

A protocol that allows communication between a Web browser and a server to be encrypted for privacy.

A characteristic of an identifier that determines where the identifier can be used. Most identifiers in the Java programming environment have either CLASS or local scope. INSTANCE and class VARIABLES and methods have class scope; they can be used outside the class and its subclasses only by PREFIXING them with an instance of the class or (for class variables and methods) with the class name. All other variables are DECLARED within methods and have local scope; they can be used only within the enclosing block.

A characteristic of an identifier that determines where the identifier can be used. Most identifiers in the Java programming environment have either class or local scope. Instance and class variables and methods have class scope; they can be used outside the class and its subclasses only by prefixing them with an instance of the class or (for class variables and methods) with the class name. All other variables are declared within methods and have local scope; they can be used only within the enclosing block.

Comprises a number of cooperating system components, RANGING from security MANAGERS that execute as PART of the application, to security measures designed into the Java virtual machine1 and the language itself. The sandbox ensures that an untrusted, and possibly malicious, application cannot gain access to system RESOURCES.

Comprises a number of cooperating system components, ranging from security managers that execute as part of the application, to security measures designed into the Java virtual machine1 and the language itself. The sandbox ensures that an untrusted, and possibly malicious, application cannot gain access to system resources.