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It is the METHOD USED to STUDY the STRUCTURE of CRYSTALS.

It is the method used to study the structure of crystals.

They are DIFFERENT physical STRUCTURES of a solid SUBSTANCE,

Example: DIAMOND and graphite both are, allotropes of carbon.

They are different physical structures of a solid substance,

Example: diamond and graphite both are, allotropes of carbon.

Heat, Light, Sound, MAGNETIC, ELECTRIC, KINETIC, Potential ETC,, are the main forms of energy.

Heat, Light, Sound, Magnetic, Electric, Kinetic, Potential etc,, are the main forms of energy.

It is DEFINED as its CAPACITY to do WORK.

It is defined as its capacity to do work.

NEWTON’s THIRD LAW.

Newton’s third law.

1. A body continues in a state of rest or of motion at constant speed in a straight line, except when this state is CHANGED by forces acting on it.
2. Force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration.
3. For EVERY ACTION there is equal and opposite reaction.

It is DEFINED as the external agency that CHANGES or tends to CHANGE the state of rest or uniform MOTION of a BODY in a straight line.

It is defined as the external agency that changes or tends to change the state of rest or uniform motion of a body in a straight line.

The BOMB will not HIT the TARGET. The bomb wil strike at a point 1982 metre away from the target. 

The bomb will not hit the target. The bomb wil strike at a point 1982 metre away from the target. 

ISAAC NEWTON.

Isaac Newton.

CONSERVATION of MOMENTUM

Conservation of momentum

The SECOND LAW of THERMODYNAMICS.

The second law of thermodynamics.

It CONFIRMS the LAW of CONVERSION of ENERGY.

It confirms the law of conversion of energy.

ENERGY 

Energy 

Romans

Romans

TURNING FORCE on the other SIDE.

Turning force on the other side.

CENTRIPETAL FORCE

Centripetal force

CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

Centrifugal force

A CHANGE in its INTERNAL KINETIC ENERGY, POTENTIAL energy.

A change in its internal kinetic energy, potential energy.

Displacement is the vector that specifies the change in POSITION of a point or a PARTICLE in REFERENCE to a PREVIOUS position. When the previous point is the origin, this is better REFERRED to as a position.

Displacement is the vector that specifies the change in position of a point or a particle in reference to a previous position. When the previous point is the origin, this is better referred to as a position.

When a body rotates about a fixed axis the MOTION is SAID to be ROTATORY.

When a body rotates about a fixed axis the motion is said to be rotatory.

TRANSLATORY and ROTATORY MOTION.

Translatory and rotatory motion.

TWO DIMENSIONAL MOTION.

Two dimensional motion.

TWO DIMENSIONS.

Two dimensions.

KEEPS on INCREASING.

Keeps on increasing.

The LIGHTER OBJECTS is MOVING FASTER than HEAVIER.

The lighter objects is moving faster than heavier.

FORCE and VELOCITY

Force and velocity

The STONE moves TOWARDS the centre of the CIRCULAR PATH.

The stone moves towards the centre of the circular path.

Zero.

Zero.

The frictional force between two surfaces when one roles over the other is called rolling friction. A wheel or a BALL is slightly FLATTENED when its rests over a surface. A surface ALSO is slightly dented. Because of this deformation a resistance force ARISES when the wheel or ball rolls on a surface. This is called rolling friction. Rolling friction is much SMALLER than sliding friction.

The frictional force between two surfaces when one roles over the other is called rolling friction. A wheel or a ball is slightly flattened when its rests over a surface. A surface also is slightly dented. Because of this deformation a resistance force arises when the wheel or ball rolls on a surface. This is called rolling friction. Rolling friction is much smaller than sliding friction.

ROLLING of a wheel on surface is POSSIBLE because of the friction between the TWO. Due to this REASON the types have treads which increase friction and AVOID slipping.

Rolling of a wheel on surface is possible because of the friction between the two. Due to this reason the types have treads which increase friction and avoid slipping.

When a solid body is moved over the SURFACE of another solid body, an opposing force ACTS in between the TWO surface ( parallel to them ) and it tends to destroy the relative motion in between them. This opposing force is called force of friction. The magnitude of the force of friction DEPENDS upon the nature of the two surfaces in CONTACT.

When a solid body is moved over the surface of another solid body, an opposing force acts in between the two surface ( parallel to them ) and it tends to destroy the relative motion in between them. This opposing force is called force of friction. The magnitude of the force of friction depends upon the nature of the two surfaces in contact.

When two or more bodies INTERACT with one ANOTHER, their total momentum REMAINS constant, PROVIDED no EXTERNAL forces are acting.

When two or more bodies interact with one another, their total momentum remains constant, provided no external forces are acting.

This is because if INERTIA of MOTION.

This is because if inertia of motion.

Because there is no FRICTION in EMPTY SPACE.

Because there is no friction in empty space.

With the HELP of these forces we can explain he observations made on ATOMS and nucleons. These observations can be explained on TWO types of forces called strong and weak forces. Strong force ACTS between protons and neutrons in a nucleus. It acts only over a very short range of about 10 -15 m. A weak force acts between any two elementary particles like electron and NEUTRON.

With the help of these forces we can explain he observations made on atoms and nucleons. These observations can be explained on two types of forces called strong and weak forces. Strong force acts between protons and neutrons in a nucleus. It acts only over a very short range of about 10 -15 m. A weak force acts between any two elementary particles like electron and neutron.

The force between TWO MAGNETS is called MAGNETIC force. The electric and magnetic FORCES are two FACTS of the general electromagnetic force facts.

The force between two magnets is called magnetic force. The electric and magnetic forces are two facts of the general electromagnetic force facts.

There are TWO types of CHARGES; positive and negative. The electrostatic force between two opposite charges is ATTRACTIVE while between two similar charges it is REPULSIVE. This force is effective over large distances.

There are two types of charges; positive and negative. The electrostatic force between two opposite charges is attractive while between two similar charges it is repulsive. This force is effective over large distances.

There is a gravitational FORCE of attraction between any TWO objects. All objects fall towards the earth because of gravitational force of earth, F= mg, where m is mass of the body. The direction of this force is towards the centre of the earth. This force is effective over large DISTANCES.

There is a gravitational force of attraction between any two objects. All objects fall towards the earth because of gravitational force of earth, F= mg, where m is mass of the body. The direction of this force is towards the centre of the earth. This force is effective over large distances.

1.  Gravitational FORCE
2.  ELECTROSTATIC force
3.  Magnetic force
4.  ATOMIC force
5.  NUCLEAR force

LORD KELVIN

Lord Kelvin

It is REGION where at every point, the MAGNITUTDE and the direction of the force is KNOWN.

For EXAMPLE: the GRAVITATIONAL force due to the earth acting on a mass of 1kg can be specified at all the points on the surface of earth both in magnitude and direction. We then say that there is a gravitational “ force field ”

It is region where at every point, the magnitutde and the direction of the force is known.

For example: the gravitational force due to the earth acting on a mass of 1kg can be specified at all the points on the surface of earth both in magnitude and direction. We then say that there is a gravitational “ force field ”

A quantitative measure of the property of interia of an OBJECT is its mass. GREATER the mass of the body, larger is the EFFORT needed to SET it in motion. Also greater the mass of a body, the larger is the effort needed to stop it if it is in motion ALREADY.

A quantitative measure of the property of interia of an object is its mass. Greater the mass of the body, larger is the effort needed to set it in motion. Also greater the mass of a body, the larger is the effort needed to stop it if it is in motion already.

The property of a material body by virtue of which the body at rest tends to REMAIN at rest and an object in motion tends to remain in motion is called interia.

Bodies have two KINDS of INTERTIA :

1.  Interia at rest
2.  Intertia of motion 

The property of a material body by virtue of which the body at rest tends to remain at rest and an object in motion tends to remain in motion is called interia.

Bodies have two kinds of intertia :

It is an EFFORT which SETS the OBJECTS in MOTION.

It is an effort which sets the objects in motion.

The STUDY of motion, which describes a RELATION between force and its EFFECT, is CALLED dynamics.

The study of motion, which describes a relation between force and its effect, is called dynamics.