Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

C) The revenue system of Mughals.

Mughal emperor spent most of his life in exile Humayun.

Correct option is (D) 15

Correct option is A) 1687 CE

Correct option is (D) Chittor

Chhatrapati.

1. Shah Jahan 

2. Agra 

3 Mughal Emperors

4. defeating Ibrahim Lodi – Panipat – I 

5. Timur, mother side

Correct option is (C) 16

Correct option is (D) 1674

Torana, Chakan, Sinhgadh, Purandar, etc.

Self-respect, fearlessness and brilliance.

A) Shivaneri fort

Correct option is C) Shivaji

B) Dadaji Khondadev

• Shershah Suri was an Afghan ruler who established his rule in Delhi.
• He ruled only for 5 years but became quite famous as a great reformer.
• He was more famous as a reformer than a warrior.

Reforms:

• With the help of Todarmal, he classified land on the basis of its type and productivity. Based on this classification, both of them prepared a table for collecting land revenue.
• When Akbar came into power, he followed the same method of revenue collection.
• Shershah removed octroi so that trade and transport of goods could increase.
• He also constructed roads to increase the trade and for the convenience of pedestrians.

Famous roads were constructed between

1. Agra and Barhanpur,
2. Agra and Marwar and
3. Lahore and Mulan during his reign.

• Trees were planted on both sides of the roads. Guesthouses and inns were constructed on the highways for the comfort of travellers.
• He established mint houses so that uniform silver coins could be produced.
• He was very strict about the discipline of the army.
• He strictly ordered his army not to harass the villagers and also took care that the army did not destroy the crops while marching.
• Local police officers, known as Kotwal, were responsible for recording crimes in their books during his rule.
• Shershah himself was very active and he always kept others also motivated by making them wort hard.

Correct option is (A) Sikhs

A. Mughal rulers spent too much on army.

B. Indian textiles were very famous in the markets of Europe and Asia.

C) tax on agricultural products

(D) Todar Mai

Answer is (A) Zabt

Coinage :

1. The Mughals were creation of uniform currency and unification of the country. 

2. The Mughals adopted and standardized the Rupee(silver) and Dam (copper) currencies. 

3. These are introduced by the Sur emperor Sher Shah Sur during his brief rule. 

4. The Dam was initially the most common coin in Akbar’s time.

The Mughal empire was a vast one. It included almost all parts of the northern India and half of south India. It consists of the people of all regions and faiths. Mughals believed that by having friendly relations with the native kings of all faiths and with the co-operation of the people of all religions they could rule their vast country for a long period. The idea of Sulh-i-kul or universal peace did not discriminate among people of different religions in their kingdom. So the policy of Sulh-i-kul (universal peace) would make the people of all religions and faiths co-operate with the emperor, and thus they could rule their kingdom with ease and comfort.

1. The Mughals were responsible for building an extensive road system. 

2. The Empire had an extensive road network built by a public works department set up by the Mughals. 

3. It designed, constructed and maintained roads, linking towns and cities across the empire. 

4. This was one of the reasons for the expansion of trade.

1. Akbar introduced a number of administrative reforms. 

2. He divided his vast empire into several “Subas” and appointed a “subedar” for each suba. 

3. “Suba” was the term for a province in the Mughal Empire. 

4. Akbar divided his kingdom into 15 Subas. 

5. Subas were divided into “Sarkars”. 

6. These Sarkars were divided into “Paraganas”. 

7. The same pattern was followed by all other Mughal emperors.

1. Mughals are Sunni Muslims. 

2. Among them Akbar showed religious tolerance. 

3. He abolished “Jizya tax” and “Pilgrim tax” levied on the Hindus. 

4. Akbar allowed religious ceremonies of people to be celebrated openly. 

5. The majority of the people in the society were the Hindus. 

6. The society in those days consist of not only Hindus and Muslims but also of the Buddhists, the Jains, the Sikhs and the Parsis. 

7. Aurangzeb also appointed clergymen named Mutawasibs to observe the moral life of the people as per Sharia or Islamic principles.

1. The Mughals campaigned and fought against rulers who did not obey them. 

2. As a part of their diplomacy, Mughals maintained relations with Rajputs by marrying their daughters. 

3. They offered them better position in their court. 

4. The Sisodiyas did not accept Mughal authority. 

5. The good relations with Rajputs, Sikhs and other rulers began during Akbar’s time. 

6. These relations deteriorate during Shajahan’s time and became worse during the reign of Aurangzeb. 

7. There were revolts in all parts of the empire during his reign. 

8. The empire declined very quickly after the death of Aurangzeb.

The contemporary rulers during Mughals were Afghans, Rajputs, Marathas and Bahman kings.

Mughal architecture is a remarkably symmetrical and decorative amalgam of Persian, Turkish, and Indian architecture.

Mughal architecture first developed and flourished during the reign of Akbar. Humayun’s Tomb, the sandstone mausoleum of Akbar’s father, was built during this period of Mughal architecture.

Architecture reached its peak in refinement and attention to detail

under Shah Jahan (1628-1658), who commissioned the famous Taj Mahal.

The Mughal sculpture was the amalgamation of both Hindu and Persian styles of Sculptures. …

Some of the masterpieces of the Indo Islamic Sculpture are Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaza and Jami Masjid from the period of Delhi Sultanate and Taj Mahal, Jama Mosque and Red Fort from the Mughal Era.

Babur (1526 -1530 CE): 

1. Babur was the founder of the Mughal empire. 

2. He was a great genius at devising war tactics. 

3. He also conquered Delhi and Agra after the first battle of Panipat. 

4. He was one of the greatest poet in Turkish literature and nature lover. 

5. Babur died in 1530 C.E.

With the following reasons Sivaji’s personality is glorious. 

1. Shivaji is known as one of the greatest organizers in history…. 

2. An efficient general and military strategist:… 

3. A skillful diplomat: … 

4. Brave soldier:… 

5. An enlightened administrator: … 

6. Respect for others faith:… 

7. An inspiring leader: … 

8. An obedient son:

1. Sher Shah was the founder of Sur Dynasty

2. His original name was Farid. 

3. He was the son of Hasan Khan, a jagirdar of Sasaram in Bihar. 

4. He was given the title Sher Khan for his bravery under the Afghan Rule of Bihar.

Timeline of the Mughal Dynasty.

Correct option is C) Tulasidas

Transformation in the lives of forest-dwellers (sixteenth and seventeenth centuries): 

(i) Huge areas were covered with forests in the various parts of India in the 16th and 17th country. Forest-dwellers were called Jangli. The term ‘Jungli’ was used to describe those whose occupations included activities such as hunting, gathering of forest produce, and shifting cultivation. These activities were performed according to a specific reason in the various regions. Consider the example of the Bhils who fished in summer and collected forest produce in spring. Such activities enabled the forest tribes to be mobile which was a characteristic feature of their life. 

(ii)As the state required elephants for the consolidation of mighty army, the peskesh levied on the forest people to supply of elephants. 

(iii)The lives of the forest-dwellers led to the spread of commercial agriculture. Forest products like honey, beeswax, gum and lac were in huge demand. Gum and lac became major items of overseas exports in the seventeenth century, and earned valuable foreign exchange. 

(iv)Elephants were also captured and sold. 

(v)Tribes like the Punjab Lohanis engaged in overland trade with Afghanistan and internal trade in Punjab as well. 

(vi)Social factors were also responsible for transforming the lives of the forest- dwellers. 

(vii)Many tribal chiefs became zamindars, some even became kings. They recruit people from their own tribes in their army For example in Assam, the Ahom Kings depended on people who rendered military services in exchange of land. 

(viii)By the sixteenth century, the transition from a tribal to a monarchial system had taken place. In Ain-i Akbari description has been mentioned about the existence of tribal kingdoms in north-eastern India. Description is also made regarding the kings who fought and conquered a number of tribes. New cultural influences also entered in the forested areas. Probably sufi saints played a remarkable role in spreading Islam in these areas.

Answer is (B) Akbar

Correct option is B) 1556 CE

(C) The Chief Judge

(D) Both B and C

Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system in his military policy.

The Mughals had a centralised administration.

Aurangzeb was a devout Muslim and led his life as per the principles of Quran.

Shajahan’s period was much known for the construction of buildings.

Salim the successor of Akbar came to the throne with the title Jahangir.

The introduced guns and cannons into the Indian warfare is Babur.

Answer is (D) 1556

(B) 13 years

(C) Sher Shah

(B) 1555 A.D

Answer is (D) 1555

The idea of “universal peace is Akbar.