Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

1. Sexual deceit. 

2. One petal resembles female. 

 3. Male pseudocoupulates with the flower. 

 4. Pollen grain transferred from one flower to another.

(i) Feeding efficiency may be reduced due to interference of another species. eg. –Tiger and deer. 

(ii) Two closely related species need same resource can not co-exist indefinitely. 

(i) a - Unlimited food and space. 

b - Limited food and space. 

(ii) Curve a

(iii) Carrying capacity / a given habitat has enough resources to support maximum possible number - beyond which no further growth is possible.

Tiger census in National parks and Tiger reserves was done on the basis of counting pug marks / faecal pellets.

The interaction that exists between cuscuta and shoe-flower plant is Parasitism.

(a) Following are the attributes that a population has but an individual organism does not have. 

(i) Birth rate: Per capita births

(ii) Death rate : Per capita deaths. 

(iii) Sex ratio : Ratio of number of males to females in a population 

(b) Population density : It means number of individuals present per unit area. Population density can be measured by determining the population size. 

The different methods to study population size are as follows : 

(i) Quadrat method : It is a method that involves the use of square of particular dimensions to measure the number of organisms. e.g., The number of parthenium plants in a given area can be measured using the quadrat method. 

(ii) Direct observation : It involves the counting of organisms in a given area, e.g., In order to determine the number of bacteria growing in a petridish, their colonies are counted. 

(iii) Indirect method : In this method, there is number need to count the organisms individually, e.g., number of fishes caught per trap gives the measure of their total density in a given water body.

The type of interaction seen between fig and wasps is Mutualism.

Ecto (Parasitism).

The female wasp uses the fruit not only as an oviposition (egg-laying) site but uses the developing seeds within the fruit for nourishing its larvae. The wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while searching for suitable egg-laying sites. In return for the favour of pollination, the fig offers the wasp some of its developing seeds as food for the developing wasp larvae.

Commensalism.

Birds will be stable because they are eurythermals, which can tolerate wide range of temperatures.

The largest ecological regions distinguishable by characteristic plants and animals. 

There are six: tundra, conifer, deciduous forest, grassland, tropical, and desert.

Monarch butterflies are highly distasteful to their predators. This butterfly species accumulates a chemical by feeding on a poisonous weed during its caterpillar stage.

Parasitism is an interaction between two species in which one species (parasite) derives benefit while the other species (host) is harmed. For example, ticks and lice (parasites) present on the human body represent this interaction where in the parasites receive benefit (as they derive nourishment by feeding on the blood of humans). On the other hand, these parasites reduce host fitness and cause harm to the human body. 

Co-evolution is an interaction between two living organism where both are equally benefitted and no one is harmed. For example, wasp pollinating fig inflorescence. The fig species is pollinated only by its 'partner' wasp species and no other species. The female wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while searching for suitable egg-laying sites in fruits, whereas the fig offers the wasp some developing seeds, as food for the wasp larvae.

Koel is a parasitic bird (which has lost the instinct to make its own nest to lay eggs) has evolved the technique of laying eggs in the nest of a crow. Its eggs bear resemblances to those of crow.

Detailed Answer: 

Brood parasitism is a condition where a bird lays eggs in the nests of other bird and let the other bird incubate them. A classical example of which can be when cuckoos bird lays egg in the nest of crow and during the period of evolution, eggs of cuckoo bird have begun to resemble with the eggs of crow in colour, shape and size.