Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Correct option is (d) ICSI

The best I can EXPLAIN: ICSI is an artificial TECHNIQUE used to transfer sperm into the cytoplasm of the OVUM. This leads to fertilization. The ZYGOTE FORMED can then be implanted back into the uterus or fallopian tube.

Correct choice is (b) GIFT

To explain I would say: The female is sterile; hence ZIFT, IUT, and AI cannot be USED SINCE all of these require the EGG. GIFT can be used since it INVOLVES transfer of egg to this female from another female who is not sterile.

The CORRECT choice is (a) gamete intra fallopian transfer

Best EXPLANATION: GIFT stands for gamete intra fallopian transfer. It is used to transfer an egg from a donor female to a recipient female.

Correct choice is (b) Intra uterine TRANSFER

The best explanation: Embryos that have more than 8-cells are READY for IMPLANTATION. Hence they can be transferred DIRECTLY to the uterus. This TECHNIQUE is called IUT or intra uterine transfer.

The correct answer is (a) Zygote intra fallopian transfer

Best explanation: Zygote or an 8-celled blastocyst formed by test tube BABY program requires nourishment. HENCE it needs to be TRANSFERRED into the MOTHER for further development. To provide proper implantation, it is transferred into the fallopian tube by the technique called ZIFT or zygote intra fallopian transfer.

The CORRECT choice is (a) zygote intra fallopian transfer

The explanation: ZIFT stands for zygote intra fallopian transfer. This technique is used as a part of TEST-tube baby program. It INVOLVED implantation of zygote or BLASTOMERE DEVELOPED in the test tube into the fallopian tube.

The correct answer is (B) Embryo TRANSFER

Explanation: ET is Embryo Transfer. It is preceded by IVF. The purpose of ET is to provide a habitable environment for the embryo to DEVELOP properly.

Correct answer is (b) In VITRO fertilization

Best explanation: IVF is a method that has been developed to carry out fertilization outside the body of the female HOST. It SIMULATES the conditions similar to those INSIDE the female body. HENCE being outside the body, it is called in vitro fertilization.

Correct choice is (b) EMBRYO TRANSFER

Best explanation: IVF is used to CARRY out fertilization outside the womb. However, the proper development of the embryo REQUIRES the womb and nutrition. Hence IVF is followed by embryo transfer.

Right choice is (b) In vitro fertilization

To explain I would say: In vitro fertilization is also famously KNOWN as IVF. It is an ART used to carry out fertilization OUTSIDE the BODY of the female.

The correct option is (a) True

Easiest explanation: In India, females are MOSTLY blamed for being incapable of conceiving the baby. However, owing to the complex DEVELOPMENT of male reproductive ORGANS, the chances of the male being infertile are higher than those of females being infertile.

The correct answer is (a) True

The best I can explain: The inability of an individual to have the potential to CONCEIVE a baby is called INFERTILITY. This can arise because of psychological REASONS too. This is driven by many FACTORS that can be PERSONAL or social.

Correct choice is (b) INFERTILITY clinics

To explain: Infertility clinics are the health care UNITS DEVISED by the Government. They are aimed at PROVIDING appropriate treatment and care for infertile PATIENTS.

The CORRECT choice is (B) Infertility

The best explanation: Infertility is the inability of an individual or a couple to achieve pregnancy EVEN if unprotected sexual intercourse is carried out. Sterility is an inability to produce and release gametes. Sterility LEADS to infertility. However, all infertile individuals are not sterile.

Correct option is (d) SHARING shaving blades with friends

The explanation: STD can be transmitted via sexual CONTACT or contact of body fluids like blood. Sharing needles or blades can lead to the sharing of blood, and thus the infectious agent if anyone using it is infected. HENCE shaving blades must not be SHARED with friends and should be thrown away after each USE.

The correct OPTION is (a) True

To ELABORATE: HIV targets IMMUNE CELLS. Furthermore, immune cells can CAUSE the placenta to reach the fetus. Thus HIV can be transferred from the mother to the fetus.

Right choice is (d) Syphilis

For EXPLANATION: Most of the STDS are curable if detected early, and proper treatment and MEDICATION are followed. Diseases LIKE Hepatitis-B, Genital hepatitis, and AIDS are incurable and hence highly dangerous.

Right answer is (c) PELVIC INFLAMMATORY Diseases

The EXPLANATION is: Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases are inflammatory diseases that arise DUE to STD if it is left undetected. If uncured, these can lead to COMPLICATIONS like cancer and death.

Right option is (a) Human Immunodeficiency Virus

The EXPLANATION is: HIV STANDS for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is responsible for a DEADLY STD called AIDS. The infection is perilous and can lead to many opportunistic infections.

Correct option is (b) Sexual CONTACT

To ELABORATE: STDs are TRANSMITTED via sexual contact. They are not transferred from one person to another via touch or exchange of CLOTHES or by having unclean water and food.

Correct ANSWER is (d) Megacolon

Easy EXPLANATION: STDs are a CLASS of diseases that are transmitted VIA sexual contact or sexual intercourse. Megacolon is not an STD. It is a NERVOUS disease.

Right option is (b) REPRODUCTIVE Tract Infections

To explain: RTI stands for Reproductive Tract Infections. This class of diseases or infections spread through sexual intercourse. The major mode of transmission is the MIXING of BODILY fluids like semen, VAGINAL fluids, and blood. Since semen and vaginal fluids undergo mixing during intercourse, these diseases are often transmitted during unprotected intercourse.

Correct option is (a) True

To elaborate: Hepatitis-B TRANSMITS via sexual contact. Venereal DISEASES SPREAD through sexual intercourse. Hence Hepatitis-B is a Venereal disease.

The correct answer is (a) Venereal disease

Explanation: VD stands for a class of DISEASES called Venereal diseases. These spread via sexual CONTACT. These are transmitted by microorganisms that can survive on the mucous membranes. These can spread through the MIXING of bodily FLUIDS LIKE semen, vaginal fluids, blood, etc.

Correct answer is (a) First trimester

The best explanation: Up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, the EMBRYOS are small ENOUGH and most STRAIGHTFORWARD to remove. This is the period of the first trimester. MTPS are most EFFECTIVE during this period.

Right option is (a) ILLEGAL FEMALE foeticide

For EXPLANATION: India has a high rate of illegal female foeticides. With the advent of sex determination, this number has only increased. In ORDER to prevent MTP from resulting in female foeticides, the GOVERNMENT of India has posed a restriction to check this issue.

Correct choice is (b) False

The best EXPLANATION: MTPS or Induced abortions are aimed at reducing the burden of families by getting rid of unwanted PREGNANCIES. They are also aimed at saving the MOTHER when pregnancy can be harmful. They are not aimed at preventing population rise but have resulted in controlling the population growth to some extent.

The correct option is (d) Female foeticide

For explanation I WOULD say: The PURPOSE of MTP is to prevent an unwanted pregnancy that could have arisen due to casual unprotected coitus or incorrect use of contraceptive or due to rapes. They are also aimed at rescuing mothers from fatal pregnancies or from preventing parents from the SHOCKS and expenses of a fatal fetus. They are not designed for female foeticide. Hence female foeticide has been illegalized by the Government of India.

Right OPTION is (a) Induced ABORTION

The explanation is: MTP is a voluntary act to end the pregnancy. It is ALSO called as induced abortion. After YEARS of dispute, it has been legalized in INDIA.

The correct answer is (d) Economic issues

The explanation is: MTP hasn’t been successfully accepted WORLDWIDE. Many COUNTRIES have failed to accept and legalize it. This HOLDS for emotional, religious, ETHICAL, and social reasons.

Right answer is (d) MEDICAL Termination of PREGNANCY

The best I can explain: MTP STANDS for Medical Termination of Pregnancy. It refers to an INTENDED termination of pregnancy before the baby has been DELIVERED.

Correct CHOICE is (a) True

To explain I would say: MTPs or Induced abortions are very FREQUENT. More than 45 million CASES of MTPs occur worldwide each year. These ACCOUNT for 1/5th of the total count of pregnancies that are CONCEIVED.

The correct choice is (a) True

To elaborate: Contraceptive agents help prevent pregnancy. If appropriately used by many couples, they can be used to avoid an UNWANTED pregnancy. It GIVES families the power to plan. Thus, societies can DEVELOP and educated to ensure control in the POPULATION explosion.

The correct CHOICE is (b) False

For EXPLANATION I would say: Contraceptives are AGENTS that prevent PREGNANCY. These are not aimed at maintaining GOOD reproductive health.

The correct answer is (d) Coma

To EXPLAIN: Widespread use of CONTRACEPTIVES can have side-effects. These can be ABDOMINAL PAIN, nausea, irregular menstrual BLEEDING, and so on.

The CORRECT answer is (d) Initiating pregnancy

The EXPLANATION is: CONTRACEPTIVES are tools/agents that are used to prevent the event of CONCEPTION. Based on the needs of the individual, they can be used to prevent pregnancy or delay it or have proper spacing to suit the needs of the person and FAMILY. Contraceptives stop pregnancy; hence if a couple wants to initiate a pregnancy, a contraceptive should not be used.

Correct choice is (a) FERTILIZATION

To explain: Contraceptives are devised to prevent fertilization or, in some CASES, pregnancy. They have different MODES of action DEPENDING on the nature of the contraceptive. To USE appropriate contraceptives, doctors must be consulted.

Correct ANSWER is (a) Abdomen

For EXPLANATION: Tubectomy is a sterilization procedure for females. In involves TYING off the FALLOPIAN tube through an incision made in the abdomen or through the vagina.

Correct answer is (c) SCROTUM

To explain I would say: VASECTOMY is a sterilization procedure for MALES. It involves tying off the vas DEFERENS through an incision made in the scrotum.

Right CHOICE is (b) TUBECTOMY

The BEST explanation: Tubectomy is the procedure that sterilizes females. It INVOLVES removal of a part of fallopian tube. It can also involve TYING the tube via an incision in the abdomen.

Right choice is (a) Vasectomy

To explain I would SAY: Vasectomy is the procedure USED to sterilize males. It involves the removal of a part of VAS DEFERENS or it being TIED up through an incision on the scrotum.

The correct CHOICE is (b) sterilization

To explain I would say: Surgical METHODS are non-reversible. Hence these render the PERSON sterile. These methods are THEREFORE called sterilization.

Correct answer is (d) Transport of gametes

Easy explanation: Surgical INTERVENTIONS involve the removal/breakage of connection between the site of synthesis and DELIVERY of gamete. THUS, transport of gamete is INHIBITED.

The correct OPTION is (a) True

To explain: Surgical METHODS WORK by operating male or female partners. This renders them incompetent to fertilize. These are PERMANENT methods.