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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 451. |
What do you understand by oxidative phosphorylation ? Where does it occur in side the mitochondria ? |
| Answer» Synthesis of ATP during oxidation is called oxidative phosphorylation . It is carried out by respiratory assemblies that are located in the inner membrane of mitochondria . | |
| 452. |
Maximum amount of energy/ATP is liberated on oxidation ofA. fatsB. proteinsC. starchD. vitamins |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Fats or lipids are second to carbohydrates as a souce of energy . By weigth, each gram mol of fat yields about 9.3 kcal or energy, i.e., more than double of that yielded by glucose |
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| 453. |
When one glucose molecule is completely oxidised, it changesA. 36 ADP molecules into 36 ATP moleculesB. 38 ADP molecules into 38 ATP moleculesC. 30 ADP molecules into 30 ATP moleculesD. 32 ADP molecules into 32 ATP molecules |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B In aerobic respiration or biological oxidation of one glucose molecules, 38 ADP molecules change into 38 ATP molecules, where donor phophate is inorganic phosphate . ATP molecules are the energy currency of the cell, i.e., the common immediate source of energy in cellular activity. |
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| 454. |
End product of aerobic respiration areA. sugar and oxygenB. water and energyC. carbon dioxide, water and energyD. carbon dioxide and energy |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Aerobic respiration is an enzyme mediated energy liberating catabolic process which involves the step-wise oxidative break down of organic substrate into `CO_(2)` and water with oxygen acting as a termical oxidant. |
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| 455. |
Oxidative phosphorylation is production ofA. ATP in photosynthesisB. NADPH in photosynthesisC. ATP in respirationD. NADH in respiration |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Oxidation phosphorylation is the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phophate which occurs with the help of energy obtained from oxidation of reduced coenzumes formed in cellular respiration. |
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| 456. |
At a temperature above `35^(@)C`A. rate of photsynthesis will decline earlier than that of respirationB. rate of respiration will decline earlier than that of photosynthesisC. both decline simultaneouslyD. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Optimum temperature for photosynthesis is `10^(@)-25^(@)C` for `C_(3)` -plant and `30^(@)-45^(@)C` for `C_(4)` -plants Optimum temperature for respiration is `20^(@)C-30^(@)C` , i.e., respiration has a higher temperature optimum than photosynthesis and thus declines later. |
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| 457. |
Observe the above figure and answer the following questions (i) What does the figure represent ? (ii) Label A, B, C, D, E and F |
| Answer» (i) Diagrammatic presentation of ATP formation in mitochondria | |
| 458. |
Two pairs of electrons passing from NADH molecules to oxygen generateA. 3ATPB. 4ATPC. 6ATPD. 2ATP |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 459. |
If the temperature is increased (above `35^(@)C`)A. Rate of decline of respiration will be earlier than decline of photosynthesisB. Rate of decline of phosoynthesis will be earlier than decline of respirationC. Both decline simultaneouslyD. Both do not show any fixed pattern |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 460. |
Which statements is wrongA. Stomatal opeing is influenced by many factors and potassiumB. All enzymes are proteins but all proteins are not enzymesC. All angiosperms are with seeds but all seed plants are not angiospermsD. Factors which effect the respiration influence the photosynthesis but reverse in not possible |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 461. |
Select the wrong statement.A. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid requires the presence of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase.B. All living cells whether aerobic or anaerobic, perform glycolysis.C. Cyanide does not stop chemiosmosisD. Respiratory chain uses `O_(2)` as final hydrogen acceptor. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - c Cyanide is an inhibitor of complex IV (in ETS) and other hands hemi-containing enzymes of mitochondria. Thus, cyanide blocks ATP production in the cells. |
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| 462. |
Conversion of pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol is mediated byA. PhosphataseB. DehydrogenaseC. Decarboxylase and dehydrogenaseD. Catalase |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 463. |
Write the enzymes which catalyse the conversion of pyruvic acid to `CO_(2)` and enthanol |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Pyruvic acid decarboxylase Alcohol dehydrogenase | |
| 464. |
Select the correct combination of the respiratory substrates and their respective RQs.A. `{:("Organic acid","Fats","Succulents"),(1.3,0.7,Zero):}`B. `{:("Organic acid","Fats","Succulents"),("Infinity",0.7,Zero):}`C. `{:("Organic acid","Fats","Succulents"),(Zero,1.3,0.7):}`D. `{:("Organic acid","Fats","Succulents"),(zero,0.7,1.3):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - a | |
| 465. |
Which of the following connects glycolysis to Krebs cycle ?A. Acetyl CoAB. RibozymeC. Cytochrome oxidaseD. N-acetyl glucosamine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 466. |
Which of the following connects glycolysis to Krebs cycle ?A. Substrate level phosphorylationB. PhotophosphorylationC. `FADH_2` formationD. Both occur in matrix of mitochondria |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 467. |
Final product of ETS of mitochondria isA. `H_(2)0 `B. `H^(+)`C. ElectronsD. All of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A (A) See Answer for Q.81 from topic-4. Final product of ETS of mitochondria is `H_(2)O` |
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| 468. |
Gilycolysis occurs inA. CytoplasmB. NucleusC. MitochondriaD. Both (1) and (3) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 469. |
Why is no distinction made between ATP and GTP in calculating energy yield in cell respiration ? |
| Answer» Because GTP is changed to ATP in the cytoplasm by the enzyme nucleoside diphosphate kinase. | |
| 470. |
Read the given statements and select the correct option. Statement 1: During photophosphorylation (of photosynthesis), light energy is utilised for the production of proton gradient during ATP synthesis. Statement 2 : In respiration, energy of oxidation-reduction is utilised for the phosphorylation and thus the process is called oxidative phosphorylation.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correctB. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 incorrectC. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correctD. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - a Photophosphorylation occurs in the grana and requires the direct sunlight energy to make energy-carrier molecules that are used in the dark reaction. The light energy is trapped by chorophyll to make ATP and NADPH. Oxidative phosphorylation is the synthesis of energy rich ATP molecules with the help of energy liberated during oxidation of reduced co-enxymes `(NADH, FADH_(2))` produced in respiration. |
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| 471. |
Assertion: During the process of respiration, oxygen is utilised and carbon dioxide. water and energy is released as products. Reason: The combustion reaction does not require oxygen.A. If both. assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C (C) During the process of respiration, oxygen is utilised as the combustion reaction requires oxygen and car- bon dioxide, water and energy is released as products. |
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| 472. |
What are respiratory substrates ? Name the most common respiratory substrates. |
| Answer» The organic substances, which are either syntheszed by anabolic processes or stored as reserve food materials, used by cells for catabolic break down and release of energy are called respiratory substates. The most common respiratory substrate is glucose (a monosaccharide carbohydrate). | |
| 473. |
What are the main steps in aerobic respiration ? Where does it take place ? |
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Answer» The main steps in aerobic respiration are as follows : 1. Glycolysis : It is the break down of glucose to pyruvic acid and occurs inside the cytosol of cytoplasm. 2. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme-A. It occurs inside the mitochondrial matrix. 3. Tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs cycle that occurs inside the mitochondrial matrix. 4. Electron transport system and oxidative phosphorylation that occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane involving ATP synthase complex. |
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| 474. |
What is oxidative phosphorylation ? |
| Answer» Conversion of ADP to ATP by the electron transport system in aerobic respiration is called oxidative phosphorylation. During this process the phosphorylation occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane when hydrogen protons pass through ATP synthetase complex. The energy required for phosphorylation comes from oxidation-reduction process in respiration and therefore, the process is called oxidative phosphorylation. | |
| 475. |
For retting of jute, the fermenting microbe used isA. Helicobactor plyoriB. Methanophilic bacteriaC. Streptococcus lacinD. Butyric acid bacteria |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 476. |
Which one of the following ions is essential for photolysis of water?A. ManganeseB. ZincC. copperD. Boron |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 477. |
Who demonstrated evolution of oxygen during photo-oxidation of water (photolysis of water)? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Robert Hil | |
| 478. |
An example of competitive inhibition of an enzyme is the inhibition ofA. Succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acidB. Cytochrome oxidase by cyanideC. Hexokinase by glucose-6 phosphateD. Carbonic anhydrase by carbon dioxide |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 479. |
It the temperature is increased above `35^(@)C`,A. Rate of decline of respiration will be earlier than decline of photosynthesisB. Rate of decline of phosynthesis will be earlier than decline of respirationC. Both decline simultaneouslyD. Both do not show any fixed pattern |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 480. |
What is oxidative phosphorylation? |
| Answer» Oxidative phosphorylation is a process in which electrons are transferred from electron donors to oxygen, which acts as electron acceptor. The oxidation-reduction reactions are involved in the formation of proton gradient. The main role in oxidative phosphorylation is played by the enzyme ATP synthase (complex V). This enzyme complex consists of `F_(0)` and `F_(1)` components. The `F_(1)` headpiece is a peripheral membrane protein complex and contains the site for ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate. `F_(0)` component is a part of membrane protein complex, which acts as a channel for crossing of the protons from inner mitochondrial membrane to the mitochondrial matrix. For every two protons passing through `F_(0)–F_(1)` complex, synthesis of one ATP molecule takes place. | |
| 481. |
Which of the following is formed during respirationA. `O_(2)` (Oxygen)B. `CO_(2)` (Carbon dioxide)C. `NO_(2)` (Nitrogen dioxide)D. `SO_(2)` Sulphur dioxide |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 482. |
Respiration initated in chloroplasts and occurs in light is calledA. Aerobic respirationB. Anaerobic respirationC. PhotorespirationD. Fermentation |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 483. |
True about citric acid cycleA. 8 ATP molecules are producedB. Fat soluble vitamins are requiredC. Involved in fatty acid synthesisD. `O_2` is consumed |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 484. |
36 ATPs can be obtained byA. Glycolysis-2, Citric acid cycle-6, ETS-28B. Glycolysis-2, Citric acid cycle-2, ETS-32C. Glycolysis-4, Citric acid cycle- 2, ETS-30D. Glycolysis-2, Citric acid cycle-4, ETS-30 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 485. |
What is substrate-level phosphorylation ? |
| Answer» Formation of ATP directly from metabolites is known as substrate level phosphorylation. | |
| 486. |
A person with a coenzyme Q deficiency will have a defect in oxidative phosphorylation. Which of the following would be expected in this person?A. accumulation of glucoseB. accumulation of lactateC. high levels of ATPD. fructose deficiency |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 487. |
Oxysomes or `F_(0)-F_(1)` particles occur onA. thylakoidsB. mitochondrial surfaceC. inner mitochondrial membraneD. choloroplast surface |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 488. |
Sucrose is converted into glucose and....... by the enzyme......., and these two hexoses then enter the ...........pathway . |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Lactic acid. | |
| 489. |
`F_(0)-F_(1)` particles participate in the synthesis of .............. . |
| Answer» Adenosine triphosphate from ADP and Pi. | |
| 490. |
Fluoroacetate, a potent toxin extracted from plants, is converted to fluorocitrate, which is a strong inhibitor of the TCA cycle. Which of the following would be expected in a person exposed to fluoroacetate?A. an increase in intracellular levels of ATPB. an increase in intracellular levels of glucoseC. a decrease in levels of ethanolD. a decrease in the function of the electron transport chain |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 491. |
Name the energy carrier produced by TCA cycle in plants and animals. Who suggested the sign ~ for high energy bonds. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - ATP in plants, GTP in animals, Lipmann. | |
| 492. |
Name the entrant and receptor molecules in TCA cycle. How many high-energy phosphates this cycle yields ? |
| Answer» Acetyl CoA is the entrant molecule, oxaloacetate is the receptor molecule , TCA cycle yields only 2 GTP/ATP molecules. | |
| 493. |
Electrons from excited chlorophyll molecule of photosystem II are accepted first byA. QuinoneB. FerrodoxinC. Cytochrome-bD. Cytochrome-7 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 494. |
Common molecule formed from all food stuffs during aerobic respiration isA. GlucoseB. PGALC. Pyruvic acidD. Acetyl CoA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 495. |
From the oxidation of one molecule of palmitic acid (fatty acid), the number of ATP molecules gained areA. 131B. 129C. 38D. 142 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 496. |
Assertion. Anaerobic respiration causes fatigue in humans. Reason. With rest, the fatigue disappears disappears.A. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.C. If A is true but R is false.D. If both A and R are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 497. |
`beta`-oxidation takes place inA. Matrix of mitochondriaB. Cell cytoplasmC. Inter mitochondrial chamberD. Ribosomes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 498. |
In bacteria the site for respiratory activity is found inA. CytoplasmB. MesosomeC. EpisomeD. Plasmid |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B (B) In bacteria the site for respiration is mesosome. |
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| 499. |
How much usable energy is available during oxidative combustion of 1 gm mole of glucose in the body?A. 686000 calB. 304000 calC. 277400 calD. 686 cal |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 500. |
The term protoplasmic respiration is used for the respiration ofA. FatsB. ProteinsC. CarbohydratesD. Organic acids |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |