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SAP has a huge number of various products under different categories. Few SAP products are:

• Ariba: It is a cloud-based innovative solution and it permits for connection establishment between buyers and suppliers so that they can do business on a single platform. It has improved the organization’s overall vendor management system by providing cheaper ways of procurement and thus making business simple. Ariba will digitally transform your procurement, supply chain, and contract management process.
• SUCCESSFACTORS: It is a cloud-based HR solution that helps organizations easily manage different HR operations. SuccessFactors is based on the Software as a Service(SaaS) model. It is mainly designed for fulfilling the needs of enterprise-class organizations.
• Fieldglass: It is cloud-based and has an open Vendor Management System(VMS) that helps organizations to manage, find, pay, engage, etc. SAP Fieldglass has limitless integration with SAP on-premise solutions through SAP Cloud Platform Integration, SAP PI, or web services.
• Concur: SAP Concur solutions will help you to connect all your TRAVEL, expense, and vendor invoice spend in a single system, by providing a single way to obtain higher transaction visibility, manage to spend from end-to-end, compliance improvement, and process simplification for everyone.
• Fiori: It is a new user experience(UX) for SAP software and applications. It has a SET of applications that are used in regular business functions such as financial applications, workflow approvals, information lookups, calculation applications, and self-service applications. They provide simple and also easy-to-use access across tablets, smartphones, and desktops.

To get any technical position, theory and basic concepts are necessary for freshers who are applying for the SAP job roles, but for an experienced candidate both practical and APPLIED concepts are mandatory. For an experienced candidate, a lot of SAP questions will be related to your previous project and roles.

This article includes a list of frequently asked interview questions that fit all the modules of SAP. A candidate who wants to get a job as an SAP executive or others should go through these questions once again before heading towards the SAP Interview session.

References

• “Discover SAP” book by Venki Krishnamoorthy and Alexandra Carvalho
• “Using SAP ERP, An Introduction to Learning SAP for Beginners and Business Users” book by Olaf Schulz
• SAP Tutorial

.sca(SAP component Archive) FILES are useful in the DEPLOYMENT of the components, Java patches, as WELL as other java DEVELOPMENTS in the form of .jar, .SDA, .war, and .sca.

The common transport errors will include:

• Return code 4: It is imported with WARNINGS, program generation, row or column missing.
• Return code 8: It is imported with a program generation-related error, syntax-related error, dictionary activation-related error, etc.
• Return code 12: It indicates IMPORT canceled because of object missing, inactive object, etc.
• Return code 18: It indicates import canceled because of user expired or system down during import, and LIMITED roles or authorization.

• SQL scripts are easier to use because they can be SAVED and loaded whenever it is needed.
• It reduces the number of errors as there are no manually entered commands that are prone to human errors.
• We can schedule the SQL script to run at a convenient time, or when a human is not present.
• For holding the interim RESULT, a LOCAL VARIABLE can be DECLARED in a SQL script.
• SQL Script Procedure can return more than one result with the help of the “OUTPUT Parameter”, while the Normal SQL Procedure can return only one result.
• You are permitted to define local or global tables types that can be used as parameters in a SQL script.

TRANSACTIONAL RFC(Transactional Remote Function CALL) allows giving out of the sent request for a mistake in the SYSTEM for a once. This is done after the allocation of an ID for the transaction procedure which is also called TID(Transaction ID). The remote system access is not necessary during the present moment in the Transaction RFC.

Information model consists of ANALYTIC, Attribute, and Calculation views and it is mainly USED for hiding the TECHNICALITIES of data selection so that it becomes easier for the business users to model their data who are having only functional knowledge about a database and doesn’t have any technical knowledge. So we can say that the information model hides the complexity and overcomes a few setbacks with the queries.

Information models are:

• Used for converting the linear structure into a multi-dimension structure without having technical knowledge.
• Process of source data(in tables) conversion into the format that is business understandable.
• Make use of Hardware advancements available in HANA.
• It is possible to reduce the data TRANSFER between the database and application layer by defining information models inside HANA DB.
• Having Complex LOGIC and also transformation executed in DB layer.

The posting key is a two-digit numeric key used for determining the type of transaction which is entered in the line item. It determines account types(A–>Assets, D–>Customers, K–>Vendors, M–>Materials, S–>General Ledger Account), the layout of entry screens, and types of posting(Debit or Credit). Special posting keys are useful in posting special General ledger transactions.

Posting keys scenarios are:

• The standard SAP system is responsible to deliver the standard posting key, and you will be enabled for using the standard posting and change or modify it as PER the BUSINESS organization requirement.
• Posting keys provided in the SAP will control the entries in a line item of document entries.
• It decides about the account type to POST, that is, whether the AMOUNT is SUPPOSED to be posted on the credit side or debit side.

From SAP BO 4.0(SAP Business Objects 4.0) onwards it is allowed to connect BEx query through BICS(Business Intelligence Consumer Services) connection which is also called OLAP connection. With the help of CMC(Central Management Console) or IDT(Information Design Tool), it is possible to create and save the OLAP connection. This OLAP connection can be CREATED for connection with the Multi-provider, BI(Business Intelligence) server, InfoCube, and BEx query. If the connection is specific for a particular Cube, Query, or Multi-provider then the connection will be created in query or cube BASE. Otherwise, the connection will be created on the BI server using which connection to any BEx query is possible. The advantage of Connection creation on the BI server is only a single OLAP connection is required for all BO reports.

Steps for creating OLAP connection to connect with BI server:

• Login to CMC with the right of Administrator authorization and go for the OLAP Connection option.
• Then select the option new connection.
• Enter the details of the BI server as given in the below screenshot.

• Click on Connect BUTTON for checking connectivity and give the CREDENTIAL of the BI server.
• Don’t go for a selection of any cube or query as we are making the connection to the BI server, click on cancel.
• Select ‘Predefined’ for AUTHENTICATION Type and maintain the user name and password, then click on save.

Now, OLAP Connection to the BI server has been successfully created using CMC.

SAP LAUNCHPAD simplifies access to business applications with a personalized as well as role-based launchpad site. This service will allow an organization for establishing a central point of access to SAP(Example: SAP S/4HANA), custom-built, third-party applications, ETC., both on the on-premise and the cloud.

The SAP Launchpad service provides the FOLLOWING features:

• Application Integration: It provides a central point of access for tasks and applications, with LIMITLESS integration to DIFFERENT UI technologies and third-party applications.
• Intuitive and Engaging User Experience: It gives a personalized and role-based launchpad along with a content structure(flexible)that follows the SAP Fiori 3 design guidelines.
• Integrations: It has an integration with central SAP BTP(Business Technology Platform) services like inbox and cloud identity services.
• Extensibility: It is considered an extensible framework for customizations with the help of shell plugins and custom branding.

• SAP Enterprise Portal(SAP EP) provides users with web-based, role-specific, and also provides secure access to all the services, information, and applications in SAP environments. Employees require only a desktop and a Web BROWSER, and can start with work immediately after authentication in the portal has been completed. It contains the NetWeaver components Portal, COLLABORATION, and Knowledge Management. Pre-defined content is also provided by the SAP. Currently, the portfolio is having more than 100 BUSINESS packages, which can be shipped in many languages.
• The major advantage of using this portal is that you are allowed to USE multiple JSP(Java Server Pages) pages at a time. Here you can have separate views and each view can be a JSP page or a web page that supports interaction with the J2EE server so that multiple works can be handled on the same page.
• It can also be used with platform-independent applications. You can execute and implement it for maintaining many applications like Microsoft OUTLOOK etc.

The different Modules AVAILABLE in SAP are:

• FI (Financial Accounting)
• CO (Controlling)
• EC (ENTERPRISE Controlling)
• TR(Treasury)
• MM (Materials Management)
• PP (Production Planning)
• IM (Investment Management)
• QM (Quality Management)
• EAM (Enterprise Asset Management)
• HR (Human Resource)
• SD (Sales and DISTRIBUTION)
• BW (Business Warehousing)

Apart from this, there are various other industry-specific solutions provided by the SAP.

SAP S/4HANA(SAP BUSINESS Suite 4 SAP HANA) is an ERP software package based on the SAP HANA(in-memory database) and it permits companies for doing ERP TRANSACTIONS and analyzing the business data in real-time. S/4HANA can be easily used and ADMINISTERED during complex problem solving and handling a huge quantity of data than its predecessors. It is provided in on-premises, cloud and HYBRID deployment models along with SAP is forcing its CUSTOMERS for opting the cloud. SAP S/4HANA is used by organizations mainly for integrating and managing business functions like sales, finance, procurement, human resources, service, and manufacturing in real-time.

Code pushdown means TRANSFERRING data-intense calculations to the database LAYER. ALL calculations will not be pushed into the database, only REQUIRED calculations will be considered. For example, if you wish to do the CALCULATION for finding the amount of all positions of invoices, it is not mandatory to select all positions of those invoices and perform the calculation of sum using a loop. By using an aggregation function(SUM()) on the database you can easily do this.