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The mass media occupy a high proportion of our LEISURE time: people spend, on average, 25 hours per week watching television, and they also find time for radio, cinema, magazines and newspapers. For children, watching television takes up a similar amount of time to that spent at school or with family and FRIENDS. While school, home and friends are all acknowledged as major socializing influences on children, a huge debate surrounds the POSSIBLE effects of the mass media and findings both in favour and against effects are controversial. The question of effects is typically raised with an urgency deriving from a public rather than an academic agenda and with a SIMPLICITY which is inappropriate to the complexity of the issue.

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Dominated by the personalities of three towering figures of the nation’s middle period—Henry Clay, JOHN C. Calhoun, and President ANDREW Jackson—Olive Branch and Sword: The Compromise of 1833 tells of the political and rhetorical DUELING that brought about the Compromise of 1833, resolving the crisis of the Union caused by South Carolina’s NULLIFICATION of the protective tariff..
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They work hard and planters who PLANTS indigo and tea COFFEE PLANTATION can't grow any other crop on same FIELD.

Jacobin

Political faction


The Society of the FRIENDS of the Constitution, after 1792 RENAMED Society of the Jacobins, Friends of FREEDOM and Equality, commonly KNOWN as the Jacobin CLUB or simply the Jacobins, was the most 

Democracy is a FORM of government in which rulers R elected by the people.
democracy is for the people to the people by the people

A THING that is KNOWN to be PROVED.

Tipu SULTAN fought the british and DEFEATED them in the first and second ANGLO mysore wars.

After b\defeating the british, Tipus sultan decided to turn the policies of the british against themselves.

He gathered large armed FORCES under his command which the british considered a threat to themselves.

He also invaded lots of surrounding areas and ANNEXED them to his kingdom, which put a stop to the British expansion, further infuriating the British.

Before the 1500s, some people believed that the world went on 'forever'. During the During the 1400- 1600s, however, there were great quantites of EXPLORERS who went out either to EXPLORE the world, establish colonies, or even try to strike it rich (as well as finding ways to get to China through traveling westward). As the western hemisphere become more well- known to the European COUNTERPARTS, they began to be charted and SETTLED by European settlers. Soon, because of the explored places, and better mapping skills, the world "SHRANK", as the more realistic maps were replaced by the actual maps.

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France BECAME a Constitutional monarchy after the National ASSEMBLY COMPLETED the draft of the Constitution in 1791 WID the objective of reducing the power of of the monarch .

Powers were separated and assigned to different institutions like the legislature, executive and judiciary. The power to make laws was vested with the indirectly elected National Assembly. A group of ELECTORS, who were voted by the citizens, chose the assembly....

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It is popularly KNOWN as the CONGRESS party.

It was founded in 1885 and and experienced many splits.

It was ruling party till 1977and then from 1980 to 1989.

It is a centrist party(neither LEFTIST nor rightist) in its ideological orientation.

The party espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities.

It supports new economic REFORMS but with a HUMAN face.

Currently leads the ruling United Progressive Alliance cialition government at the Centre.

The EAST INDIA company was formed on 31 st December , 1600

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1) Civilizing Mission:

The French, like the British, claimed they were bringing modern civilization to the

Vietnamese.  They wanted to introduce modern ideas to the colony even if this meant destroying local cultures, religion and traditions as it was seen as outdated and PREVENTED development.  The French NEEDED educated labour force but once educated it WOULD create problems for them – they might lose their jobs and they might question colonial domination.


2) Problems in the sphere of Education:

 a) The elites in Vietnam were influenced by the Chinese culture;

b) To consolidate the French power, they had to counter the Chinese influence; 

c) They had to dismantle the traditional system of education and establish French Schools for the Vietnamese;

d) They wanted to replace the Chinese language; 

e) French language to be the medium of instruction was felt by policy makers.  Others opposed it and suggested Vietnamese be taught in the lower CLASSES and French in the higher classes

f) Only a small fraction of population could enroll in schools and only a few could pass school leaving examinations.

g) Their school text books glorified French and the colonial rule.  The Vietnamese were represented as primitive, backward, capable of manual labour, first to work in the fields and were skilled copyists and not creative.


3) Western style of Education:

 The Tonkin Free School was started in 1907 to provide Western Style of Education. 

(i)                 This education included classes in Science, hygiene and French

(ii)               They encouraged the Western style such as having a short haircut as against their traditional long hair.


4) Resistance in Schools:

            The teachers and students did not blindly follow the curriculum.  The teachers while teaching criticized their text.  The students of French should occupy front SEAT in the class.  If they refused, they were expelled.  The students fought against the colonial government’s efforts to prevent the Vietnamese from qualifying for white-collar jobs.

Collective responsibility ALSO known as collective guilt is a concept in which individuals are responsible for other PEOPLE's ACTIONS by TOLERATING, ignoring or harbouring them, without actively collaborating in these actions.
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He was BORN on 17 September 1950

(AGE 67 years : PRESENT age) in Vadnagar, Gujarat, lndia....
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In our country,guests are considered
as god.We invite them to our house for a getogether or to stay with US for a few DAYS or more.But it becomes PAINFUL if they stay more than ten days because then it invades your privacy.
Some guests are too much interfering
they would keep making and spreading rumours.
The worst kind of guests would be those would visit you unexpectedly on a weekend and spoiling your weekend plans.It's a courtesy to atleast inform the people whose house you are visiting.If you stay then
keep the HOST's house very clean and
keep your belongings carefully.We must always help the host while making food and while serving.These are basic good manners.If you behave this way the people won't mind you stay a little longer.
Some people don't mind using other people's things and after using they won't put things back in place.No one likes guests who treat the host as servants and themselves as king

Though Shah Waliullah STARTED it, the actual founder of the WAHABI movement in India was Syed Ahmed (1786-1831) of Raibareilly in Uttar Pradesh. He came in touch with Aziz and 1820-21 onwards started preaching the ideals of Islamic reforms.

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From The BEGINNING of Time.Early HUMANS would haveobtained FOOD through a number of ways, such as gathering, hunting, scavenging and fishing. Gathering would involve collecting plant FOODS such as seeds, nuts, berries, fruits and tubers.

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Explanation:

· 1 in non corporation movement gandhi ji started SATYAGRAHA against unjust salt LAW inpose by britisher.. 2 peasant and tribal PLAY a prestigious role with mahatma gandhi during their MARCH he march with peasant and tribal around 69 to 79 DAYS after they reached dandi they want ...

..

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The inventor of Cotton gin is ELI WHITNEY.......

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The ESTATES General was a POLITICAL body to which the three estates sent their representatives. In France of the Old Regime, the MONARCH did not have the power to IMPOSE TAXES .

The last and final years of the 19th century SAW a radical sensibility emerges among some INDIAN intellectuals like la-la LAJPAT rai,BAL gangadhar tilak, and bipin Chandra pal. they all were together known as ASSERTIVE nationalists.

The U.S., possessing the largestforeign military PRESENCE, essentially DIRECTED the war from 1965 to 1968. ... In 1973 a “third” Vietnam war began—a continuation, actually—between North and South Vietnam but withoutsignificant U.S. INVOLVEMENT. It ended with communist VICTORY in April 1975.

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The TERM “Lucifer” was taken by the King James Version TRANSLATORS from Jerome’s Latin Vulgate (383-405 A.D.) edition of the Bible. The Hebrew word is Heylel’ which suggests the idea of “shining,” or “bearing light.” Jerome assumed the word was the name of the morning star, hence, he rendered it by the Latin title “Lucifer.”

As the idea developed that Isaiah 14 contained a description of Satan’s original fall, the term Lucifer came to be applied to the devil and the designation is commonly employed today.

The fact is, HOWEVER, there is absolutely no evidence whatever that Isaiah 14 contains any reference to Satan.

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1.The “Ancien Régime” (Old Regime) under the Bourbon kings had ruined France’s economy.

2.There was widespread hunger. The people were starving and MALNOURISHED.

3.Louis XV had practically BANKRUPTED the country due to the many wars (such as the Seven Years War, etc.) fought under his reign.

4.Also, the French had GREATLY HELPED the Americans in their revolution in 1776, which was expensive.

5.It was the age of Enlightenment, so when the French people saw what happened in America, they thought that they, too, could throw off their monarch.

6.The famous Frenchman Lafayette, in fact, was a great help to the Americans in their own revolution, and he brought back some of the revolutionary ideas to France.

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LOUIS 16 FOUND AN EMPTY TREASURY BECAUSE
SUPPORTING 13 AMERICAN COLONIES TO GAIN INDEPEDNENCE FROM THEIR COMMON ENEMY BRITAIN
LONG YEARS OF WAR ADDED TO THIS WAS THE COST OF MAINTAINING THE IMMENSE COURT AND IMMENSE PALACE OF VERSAILLES
THE WAR ADDED MORE BILLON LIVRES THAT ALREADY RIEN TO 2 BILLON LIVRES

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Hyun Phu so was a Buddhist religious scholar in Mekong delta region.
He was the founder of Hoa HAO Movement in 1930. He performed miracles to help POORS. He OPPOSED sale of CHILD bride, alcohol, opium.
He was considered mad by French and was SENT into the mental asylum and sent many of his followers to concentration camps.

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The Battle of BUXAR was fought on 22 October 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of BENGAL till 1763; the Nawab of Awadh; and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.[4] The battle fought at Buxar, a "small fortified town" within the territory of Bengal, located on the banks of the Ganges river about 130 KILOMETRES (81 mi) west of Patna, was a decisive victory for the British East India Company. Shuja-ud-Daulah and Shah Alam surrendered and the war came to an end by the "Treaty of Allahabad" in 1765.The British army engaged in the fighting numbered 7,071[5] comprising 859 British, 5,297 Indian sepoys and 918 Indian cavalry. The alliance army's numbers were estimated to be over 40,000. According to other sources[who?], the combined army of the Mughals, Awadh and Mir Qasim consisting of 40,000 men was defeated by a British army comprising 10,000 men.The Nawabs had virtually lost their military power after the battle of Buxar.

The lack of basic co-ordination among the three disparate allies was responsible for their decisive defeat.

MIRZA Najaf Khan commanded the right flank of the Mughal imperial army and was the first to advance his forces against Major Hector Munro at daybreak; the British lines formed within twenty minutes and reversed the advance of the Mughals. According to the British, Durrani and Rohilla cavalry were ALSO present and fought during the battle in various skirmishes. But by midday, the battle was over and Shuja-ud-Daula blew up large tumbrils and three massive magazines of gunpowder.

Munro divided his army into various columns and particularly pursued the Mughal Grand Vizier Shuja-ud-Daula the Nawab of Awadh, who responded by blowing up his boat-bridge after crossing the river, thus abandoning the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and members of his own regiment. Mir Qasim also fled with his 3 million rupees worth of Gemstonesand later committed suicide. Mirza Najaf Khan reorganised formations around Shah Alam II, who retreated and then chose to negotiate with the victorious British.

Historian John William Fortescue claimed that the British casualties totalled 847: 39 killed and 64 wounded from the European regiments and 250 killed, 435 wounded and 85 missing from the East India Company's sepoys.[2] He also claimed that the three Indian allies suffered 2,000 dead and that many more were wounded.[2] Another source says that there were 69 European and 664 sepoy casualties on the British side and 6,000 casualties on the Mughal side.[3] The victors captured 133 pieces of artillery and over 1 million rupees of cash. Immediately after the battle Munro decided to assist the Marathas, who were described as a "warlike race", well known for their relentless and unwavering hatred towards the Mughal Empire and its Nawabs and the Sultanate of Mysore.

His famous IDEA for writing social CONTRACT was, 'man is born free, but he is everywhere in CHAINS' challenged the traditional order of society.
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1.Two treaties of GOVERNMENT by John Locke
2.The spirit of LAWS by Montesquieu
3.Social CONTRACT by Jean Jacques Rousseau.

It contains the name,DESIGNATION and phone NUMBER of a PARTICULAR ORGANISATION alphabetically

Censorship was abolished in 1789.
Effects:
1. Newspapers, Magazines, Pamphlets ETC flooded the country from where they reached the countryside.
2. People could express their VIEWS through plays in STREETS etc.
3. Many philosophers got a chance to PUBLISH books that influenced the MINDS of people.

Alsase,laurine,BRITTANY are the western region of france not AFFECTED by great fear
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 Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the fifteenth century.

 The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe sparked off a struggle for  independence amongst the Greeks which began in 1821.

 Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and ALSO  from many West Europe who had sympathies for ANCIENT Greek culture.

 Poets and artists lauded Greece as the CRADLE of European civilization and  mobilized public opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire.

 The English poet Lord Byron organised FUNDS to fight for the war,where he  died of fever in 1824.

 Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 RECOGNIZED Greece as an  independent nation.  

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Their MAIN DEMAND was RIGHT to VOTE

Assertive(Extremists/AGGRESSIVE/Later) NATIONALISM was the period(1905–1918) in success to Early Nationalists or Moderates. The Early Nationalists failed to attain their objectives, giving rise to this kind of Nationalism. The Last and FINAL years of the nineteenth century saw a radical sensibility emerge among some Indian intellectuals like Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal (Lal,Bal,Pal). They all were together known Assertive Nationalists. 

They REJECTED the former notions of the moderates of prayers, petitions and pleas. Instead, they began adopting aggressive measures like Swadeshi and Boycott for GAINING freedom from the British rule in India.

He PIONEERED the use of chronological order in the study of historical events, farming, business and other aspects of historiography.

He preached an INCLUSIVE approach to historiography which spread it's research activities to food, folk tales, writings etc during that historical period.

He himself studied the multiple aspects of French HISTORY and GOT the title as father of historiography.

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▪▪The Great Depression of the 1930s which shattered most economies of the world had a severe impact on Vietnam too.


><(i) The prices of rubber and rice fell, leading to rising rural DEBTS, unemployment and rural uprisings, such as in the provinces of Nghe An and Ha Tinh.


><(ii) These provinces were amongst the poorest, had an old radical TRADITION and were called the ‘electrical fuses’ of Vietnam. When the Great Depression started showing its impact, people started DEMONSTRATING against the colonial government.


><(iii) The colonial government PUT these uprisings down with great severity, even using planes to bomb demonstrators.

>
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Indian shuttler Saina Nehwal on 30 July 2010 was selected for the PRESTIGIOUS RAJIV GANDHI Khel RATNA Award.

Yes power sharing MAKES a COUNTRY more united power sharing HELPS to reduce the possibility of conflict between social group it is a good way to ensure the stability of POTENTIAL order as social conflict of ten leads to violence and political instability power sharing is the very SPIRIT of democracy

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It is called so because during that period Robespierre was ruling and he was somehow ruling in the way the dictator does . all those who were against him and were acting against his ORDERS were GUILLOTINE. this was the machine created by Dr Gullotine. This machine directly slaughtered PEOPLE. But this FINALLY came to an end when Robespirre was Gullotined himself the same way he used to punish people..


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ANSWER:

the settlement in which each SETTLING participant settles the multilateral net settlement position. it also results from the TRANSFERS MADE and received by it . it is called multilateral settlement