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1.

An n-type semiconductor material

Answer» N-type Semiconductor : An intrinsic semiconductor material is a poor conductor. When a small amount of pentavalent impurity is added to the intrinsic material its conductivity rises sharply. This material formed after the addition of pentavalent impurity to the intrinsic semiconductor material is called N-type material. Addition of small amount of pentavalent atoms in the intrinsic material provides large number of free electrons for conduction.
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2.

A silicon diode is forward-biased. You measure the voltage to ground from the anode at ________, and the voltage from the cathode to ground at ________.

Answer» For silicon diodes, the built-in potential is approximately 0.7 V. Thus, if an external current is passed through the diode, about 0.7 V will be developed across the diode such that the P-doped region is positive with respect to the N-doped region and the diode is said to be "turned on" as it has a forward bias. Therefore, 2.3 V - 1.6 V = 0.7 V. Hence the answer is correct.
Discussion