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D) 1 – a, 2 – c, 3 – b

D) 1 – c, 2 – a, 3 – b

a) Retina 

b) The denoted part x’ is optic nerve. Optic nerve carries the information of the object seen to brain. 

c) Rods and cones are the two types of photo receptors present in human eye.

Aqueous chamber: It is another part of the inner ball divided by a lens. It is filled with water like fluid.

• Cones contain a pigment called idopsin which helps in identifying colours in bright light. 
• Cones are about 7 million in number and concentrate most in the very centre of the retina in a small region called fovea, which gives us sharp vision.

Fovea or Macula or yellow spot: The area of the best vision in the Retina.

B) Hypermetropia

• When we see an object the eye gathers light through a convex lens, focusses it and forms an image in the retina at the back of the eye.
• The lens turns the image left to right and upside down.

Retina: Image formation site in eye. It contains cells called rods and cones. Yellow spots and blind spots are present in it.

The impression of an eye image stays in the retina for about 1/16 of a second

The retina contains rods for near dark vision while cones help in bright colour light, vision.

D) Cones only

C) identifying the colours

A) Iris patterns are individual specific

A) Astigmatism

D) All of these

A) P, Q both are true

• When we press our thumb gently on the tip of a sharpened pencil it makes us feel pain. 
• The sensory receptors sense the sharpened pencil’s press and the message is sent to brain through sensory nerve. 
• Then the brain interprets the message and sends signals to feel pain through motor nerves. 
• When we press our thumb with the blunt end of the pencil we do not feel pain because the sensory receptors (touch receptors) sends the message to brain through sensory nerve. 
• Brain interprets the message and sends signals to our thumb to feel soft through motor nerves.

Correct option is A) d only

The chain of three bones malleus, incus and stapes are present in the middle ear.

Correct option is D) Ulmar

Night blindness: Type of eye disease. The person cannot see the objects in dim light and in the night.

Correct option is D) all

Colour blindness: Type of eye disease. Unable to see the difference between all or some colours.

Correct option is D) retina

Fovea or yellow spot is the area of best vision.

 The correct option.

a) Vitamin ‘A’

A) external ear

Pinna: External ear, visible part of the ear on either side of our head.

The correct option.

b) Fails to move eye and see colours clearly

B) vitreous chamber

Eye has three main layers. They are sclerotic layer or sclera, choroid layer and retina.

A) cone cells

We can not see anything in the dark room for sometime because Iris size is very small.

Correct option is D) All

The correct option.

c)  Sense organs, nerve impulses, brain

The correct option.

b) Not hearing anything

Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, blood vessels and fats are present in the dermis of the skin.

• The skin contains numerous sensory receptors which receive information from the outside environment. 
• The sensory receptors of the skin are concerned with at least five different senses: pain, heat, cold, touch and pressure. 
• The five are usually grouped together as the single sense of touch in the classification of the five senses of the whole human body. 
• If the skin loss its sensory nature we cannot experience the pain, heat, cold, touch and pressure.

The skin has cutaneous receptors for touch.

C) choroid layer

Correct option is B) Retina

Our eye contains eyelids, eye lashes, eyebrows and lachrymal glands.

• If we enter into a dark room from a very bright place first we cannot see anything in the room. 
• Because the pupil is very small in size and very less amount of light enters into the eyes. 
• As the time progresses the pupil becomes large in size and we will be able to see things properly. 
• If we go into a bright light room from a dark room, at first we cannot see anything in light from because the pupil does not bear the intensity of light. 
• The pupil gradually lessens its size and we are able to see things properly.

• When our mind deceives us by interpreting a stimulus pattern incorrectly, we are experiencing an illusion. 
• Such illusions can help us to understand some fundamental properties of sensation and particularly the descripancy between what we see and external reality.

Many sensory illusions may be described as the aftereffects of the stimulation, or overstimulation, of the senses. Sensitivity in any of the senses may be measured as the just-perceptible intensity (threshold, or limen) of the appropriate stimulus. The smallest detectable stimulus is called the absolute threshold, while the smallest detectable change in the intensity of a stimulus is called the difference threshold. Such thresholds can serve as points of reference, or anchors, against which subsequent stimuli are judged or perceived. Yet sensory anchors fluctuate within the same individual under different conditions, and in some cases they can mislead a person about the properties of subsequent stimuli. For example, two successive stimuli may be identical but nevertheless give the illusion of being different.

This illusion may be explained in part by a “fading trace” theory, proposed by Gestalt psychologists. The theory suggests that a physical trace (in the form of temporarily excited nerve cells) of an original stimulus remains in the brain even after that stimulus stops and that this trace influences the estimate or appreciation of a subsequent stimulus.

The strength of the trace, also called an aftereffect, and the speed of its disappearance vary greatly in individual cases. People who are field dependent (that is, who tend to observe a field in its totality) are said to show weaker aftereffect traces. Conversely, field-independent subjects (those who, by selective attention, are more likely to consider a specific stimulus apart from its context) show stronger aftereffects.

• Take a plastic or iron funnel. 
• Stretch a piece of rubber balloon and cover the wide part of the funnel with it. 
• Tie it with rubber band. 
• Ask your friend to shout ‘Oh’ at the narrow opening of the funnel. 
• Observe the movements of the rubber sheet while he is shouting. 
• Observe the rice grains also.

Correct option is D) Rickets

Eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows, lachrymal glands, eyeballs, conjunctiva are some of the parts of an eye.