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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
What do you mean by majoritarianism? (1st political lesson) |
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Answer» Thank you for your answer ?✌? Where a group of people in majority and it result disgrading,ignoring the wishes and needs of minority community |
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| 2. |
Explain Quit India Movement. |
| Answer» The\xa0Quit India Movement, or the\xa0India August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by\xa0Mahatma Gandhi\xa0on 8 August 1942, during\xa0World War II, demanding an end to\xa0British Rule of India. | |
| 3. |
Features of vertical division of power |
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Answer» Horizontal Powers Sharing(i) Horizontal Division of powers is such a power sharing arrangement in which power is shared , among different organs of government as, legislature, executive and judiciary.(ii) In horizontal division of powers, different organs of government exercise different powers, i.e., there is a concept of separation of powers.(iii) Horizontal distribution specifies the concept of checks and balances in order to check the exercises of unlimited powers of the organs.(iv) Horizontal distribution of power ensures the concept of the expansion of democracy.Vertical Powers Sharing(i) In Vertical Division of powers, power can be shared among governments at different levels like union, state and local levels of such government, i.e., it involves higher and lower levels of government.(ii) Whereas, in vertical division of powers, constitution clearly lays down the powers of different levels of government.(iii) There is no such concept of checks and balances in the vertical Division because powers are clearly given by the constitution from the higher level to the lower level.(iv) Vertical division of powers promotes the concept of deepening of democracy. Vertical Powers Sharing(i) In Vertical Division of powers, power can be shared among governments at different levels like union, state and local levels of such government, i.e., it involves higher and lower levels of government.(ii) Whereas, in vertical division of powers, constitution clearly lays down the powers of different levels of government.(iii) There is no such concept of checks and balances in the vertical Division because powers are clearly given by the constitution from the higher level to the lower level.(iv) Vertical division of powers promotes the concept of deepening of democracy. |
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| 4. |
Chapter 6 history work ,life and leisure |
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Answer» It has been deleted By cbse. no need to study for board exam Questions answers |
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| 5. |
Who was the Otto von Bismarck |
| Answer» Otto Von Bismarck was the chief minister, who had architected the process of unification of Germany with the help of the Prusian army and bureaucracy.. He is known for his policy of ‘Blood and Iron’. Otto von Bismarck and the German unification:\xa0(i)\xa0The middle class Germans in 1848 tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation—state.\xa0(ii)\xa0Prussian Chief Minister, Otto von Bismarck, with the help of the army and bureaucracy carried out the task of unification.\xa0(iii)\xa0Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification.\xa0(iv)\xa0On 18th January 1871, the Prussian King, Kaiser William-I was proclaimed German emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in the presence of important officials, army representatives and Otto von Bismarck. | |
| 6. |
Which is the following did not play a role to develop nationalism sentimment |
| Answer» Climate did not play a role in the development of national sentiments. | |
| 7. |
What affects rabi crops?? |
| Answer» Rabi crops are known as winter crops. They are grown in October or November. The crops are then harvested in spring. These crops require frequent\xa0irrigation\xa0because these are grown in dry areas. Wheat, gram, barley are some of the rabi crops grown in India.Examples of Rabi CropsFollowing are some of the examples of rabi crops:\tWheat\tBarley\tOats\tPulses\tMustard\tLinseed | |
| 8. |
What affects zaid crops |
| Answer» Zaid Crop:\xa0These are crops which are sown between the rabi and kharif crops. Watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber and vegetables are some examples of the zaid crops. | |
| 9. |
Plz Tell me a trick to learn about crops in Agriculture Chapter of Geography?? |
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Answer» Sale batana ho toh bataoMotivation nhi chahiye bhag Agar tum dil lagake padoge to sub samajme ajayega? |
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| 10. |
Who is purshottamdas thakurdas? ????? |
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Answer» Thanks som Patel and shivam Kumar He was a gujrati cotton trader, business man and industrialist,He was one of the signatory of Bombay Plan which was set of proposals for the post-independence economy of the India.... He was a gujrati cotton trader, business man and industrialist,He was one of the signatory of Bombay Plan which was set of proposals for the post-independence economy of the India |
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| 11. |
Notes of money and credit |
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Answer» Apne itna bada answer kaise share kiya *MONEY AND CREDIT* _MONEY AS A MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE_: Money acts as an intermediate in the exchange process, it is called a medium of exchange. A person holding money can easily exchange it for any commodity or service that he or she might want. _MODERN FORM OF MONEY_: In the early ages, Indians used grains and cattle as money. Thereafter came the use of metallic coins - gold coins, silver coins, copper coins - a phase which continued well into the last century. Now, the modern forms of money include currency – paper notes and coins. The modern forms of money – currency and deposits – are closely linked to the workings of the modern banking system. _CURRENCY_: In India, the Reserve Bank of India issues currency notes on behalf of the central government. No other individual or organisation is allowed to issue currency. The rupee is widely accepted as a medium of exchange in India. _DEPOSITS IN BANKS_: •The other form in which people hold money is as deposits with banks. People deposit their extra cash with the banks by opening a bank account in their name. Banks accept the deposits and also pay an amount as interest on the deposits. •The deposits in the bank accounts can be withdrawn on demand, these deposits are called demand deposits. The payments are made by cheques instead of cash. •A cheque is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the persons account to the person in whose name the cheque has been issued. _LOAN ACTIVITIES OF BANKS_: Banks keep only a small proportion of their deposits as cash with themselves. These days banks in India hold about 15% of their deposits as cash. This is kept as a provision to pay the depositors who might come to withdraw money from the bank on any given day. Banks use the major portion of the deposits to extend loans. There is a huge demand for loans for various economic activities. Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits. The difference between what is charged from borrowers and what is paid to depositors is their main source of income for banks. _TWO DIFFERENT CREDIT SITUATIONS_: •Credit (loan) refers to an agreement in which the lender supplies the borrower with money, goods or services in return for the promise of future payment. •Here are 2 examples which help you to understand how credit works. ~FESTIVE SEASON: In this case, Salim obtains credit to meet the working capital needs of production. The credit helps him to meet the ongoing expenses of production, complete production on time, and thereby increase his earnings. In this situation, credit helps to increase earnings and therefore the person is better off than before. ~SWAPNA\'S PROBLEM: In Swapna’s case, the failure of the crop made loan repayment impossible. She had to sell part of the land to repay the loan. Credit, instead of helping Swapna improve her earnings, left her worse off. This is an example of debt-trap. Credit, in this case, pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful. Whether credit would be useful or not, depends on the risks in the situation and whether there is some support, in case of loss. _TERMS OF CREDIT_: •Every loan agreement specifies an interest rate which the borrower must pay to the lender along with the repayment of the principal. In addition, lenders also demand collateral (security) against loans. •Collateral (Security) is an asset that the borrower owns (such as land, building, vehicle, livestocks, deposits with banks) and uses this as a guarantee to a lender until the loan is repaid. If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender has the right to sell the asset or collateral to obtain payment. •Interest rate, collateral and documentation requirement and the mode of repayment, together is called the terms of credit. It may vary depending on the nature of the lender and the borrower. _FORMAL SECTOR CREDIT IN INDIA_: •Cheap and affordable credit is crucial for the country’s development. The various types of loans can be grouped as: #Formal Sector Loans: These are the loans from banks and cooperatives. The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans. Banks have to submit information to the RBI on how much they are lending, to whom, at what interest rate, etc. #Informal Sector Loans: These are the loans from moneylenders, traders, employers, relatives and friends, etc. There is no organisation which supervises the credit activities of lenders in the informal sector. There is no one to stop them from using unfair means to get their money back. _FORMAL AND INFORMAL CREDIT_: The formal sector meets only about half of the total credit needs of rural people. The remaining credit needs are met from informal sources. It is important that the formal credit is distributed more equally so that the poor can benefit from the cheaper loans. 1)It is necessary that banks and cooperatives increase their lending, particularly in rural areas, so that the dependence on informal sources of credit reduces. 2)While the formal sector loans need to expand, it is also necessary that everyone receives these loans. _SELF HELP GROUPS FOR THE POOR_: Poor households are still dependent on informal sources of credit because of the following reasons: #Banks are not present everywhere in rural India. #Even if banks are present, getting a loan from a bank is much more difficult as it requires proper documents and collateral. *To overcome these problems, people created Self Help Groups (SHGs). SHGs are small groups of poor people which promote small savings among their members. A typical SHG has 15-20 members, usually belonging to one neighbourhood, who meet and save regularly. _ADVANTAGES OF SELF HELP GROUP (SHG)_: 1)It helps borrowers to overcome the problem of lack of collateral. 2)People can get timely loans for a variety of purposes and at a reasonable interest rate. 3)SHGs are the building blocks of organisation of the rural poor. 4)It helps women to become financially self-reliant. 5)The regular meetings of the group provide a platform to discuss and act on a variety of social issues such as health, nutrition, domestic violence, etc. HoPe It HeLpS yOu?? |
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| 12. |
What is horizontal & vertical distribution of power? |
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Answer» Thank you guys for you\'re answer?✌? In\xa0vertical distribution of power\xa0the\xa0power\xa0is divided between different levels of government that is Central Government State Government local government. in\xa0horizontal distribution of power\xa0the\xa0power\xa0is divided between legislative executive and Judiciary. Horizontal distribution of power - the power is shared b/w legislature, executive and judiciary .Vertical distribution of power - the power is divided b/w different levels of government. .... Thank you for your answer?✌? In\xa0vertical distribution of power\xa0the\xa0power\xa0is divided between different levels of government that is Central Government State Government local government. in\xa0horizontal distribution of power\xa0the\xa0power\xa0is divided between legislative executive and Judiciary. |
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| 13. |
Write a short note on role of women? |
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Answer» Thank you The role of women in nationalist struggles:\xa0The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage during the election of the Assembly. When the Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul, women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitors’ gallery. 8 Marks To identify the main points from the text Marking: 8 marks - 1 mark for each correct answer. No penalty for spelling, punctuation or grammatical mistakes Read the following passage carefully. 1.1 On the basis of your reading of the above passage, answer the following questions. (a) The Dancing Girl belongs to Ans. (i) Mohenjo-daro. (b) In the museum she’s kept among Ans (iii) terracotta animals. (c) Which information is not given in the passage? Ans (iv) She cannot be rediscovered as she’s bronze. (d) ‘Great Art’ has power because Ans (i) it appeals to us despite a passage of time (e) The jewellery she wears Ans (iv) Neither (i) nor (ii) is correct. (f) She reminds us Ans (ii) why museums in our country are exciting. (g) The synonym of the word ‘‘among’’ in paragraph 1 is ____ Ans amid. (h) The size of the dancing girl is equal to the length of the human palm. (True/False) Ans True 2. Objective: To comprehend the passage To identify the main points from the text Marking:-2 marks each No penalty for spelling, punctuation or grammatical mistakes Thanks The role of women in nationalist struggles:\xa0The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage during the election of the Assembly. When the Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul, women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitors’ gallery. |
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| 14. |
Why the duration of 1830-48 known as the age of Revolution? |
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Answer» 1830 to 1848 is rightly referred to as the age of revolution because it was during this period that the world witnessed the rise of liberal nationalism that stood in opposition to conservative regimes across Europe.Liberal nationalism is an idea where the Government is based on the free will of the people. This was first demand in France and is known as the French Revolution. During this time, in France, the liberal revolutionaries fought to overthrow the conservative regime to establish constitutional monarchy and then the Republic. This led to the revolution spreading to other countries of Europe too. Greece for example was one such country where the nationalist movement culminated in the Independence of Greece. That is why the period is rightly called the Age of Revolution. 1830 to 1848 is rightly referred to as the age of revolution because it was during this period that the world witnessed the rise of liberal nationalism that stood in opposition to conservative regimes across Europe.Liberal nationalism is an idea where the Government is based on the free will of the people. This was first demand in France and is known as the French Revolution. During this time, in France, the liberal revolutionaries fought to overthrow the conservative regime to establish constitutional monarchy and then the Republic. This led to the revolution spreading to other countries of Europe too. Greece for example was one such country where the nationalist movement culminated in the Independence of Greece. That is why the period is rightly called the Age of Revolution.\xa0 |
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| 15. |
how rich peasants community participated in the civil disobedience movement. |
| Answer» \tRich peasants like patidars of Gujarat and jats of uttar Pradesh were active in this movement.\tBeing producers of commercial crops ,they were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices.\tAs their cash income disappeared ,they found it impossible to pay the govt \'s revenue demand.\tFor them fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenue. | |
| 16. |
Write a cheque format |
| Answer» A deposit in a Bank offers the customer the facility of issuing cheques. A cheque is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the person’s account to the person in whose name the cheque has been made. The recipient of the cheque can deposit it in his own account in his bank. The money is transferred from one bank account to another bank account in a couple of days. The transaction is complete without any payment of cash. This is a safe mode of transferring money avoiding the possibility of any theft. | |
| 17. |
What is a national development? |
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Answer» Economic, social and political development of any country is called National development.... \xa0National development is a comprehensive term which includes improvement in living standard of the people, increase in per capita income, providing social amenities like education,medical care, social services, etc. to the citizens of the country.(i) Under national development, a country uses its resources in a fair and just way.(ii) Under this only those programmes and policies are implemented which would benefit a large number of people.(iii) Under national development, countries focus more on social infrastructure which includes education, health and other social services. |
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| 18. |
write an essay on multiparty system in India |
| Answer» If several parties compete for power, and more than two parties have a reasonable\xa0chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in an alliance with\xa0others, it is known as a\xa0multi-party\xa0system.In India, we have a multi-party system. In this system, the government is formed\xa0by various parties coming together in a coalition. When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power,it is called an\xa0alliance\xa0or a\xa0front.\xa0For example, in India there were three such major\xa0alliances in 2004 parliamentary elections—the National Democratic Alliance, the\xa0United Progressive Alliance and the Left Front. | |
| 19. |
What is the main cause and impact of nationalism in Europe and India? |
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| 20. |
What are the advantages and disadvantages of proto industrialisation during 17th and 18th AD |
| Answer» .The earlier phase of industrialisation in which large scale production was carried out for international market not at factories but in decentralised units.(i) Huge demand : The world trade expanded at a very fast rate during the 17th and the 18th centuries. The acquisition of colonieswas also responsible for the increase in demand. The town producers failed to produce the required quantity.(ii) Powerful town producers :• The town producers were very powerful,• The producers could not expand the production a: will. This was because in the towns, urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful. These were associations of producers that trained craftspeople, maintained control over production, regulated competition and prices, and restricted the entry of new people within the trade.(iii) Monopoly rights : The rulers granted different guilds the monopoly right to produce and trade in specific products It was therefore difficult for new merchants to set up business in towns. So they turned to the countryside.(iv) New economic situation in the countryside : Open fields were disappearing in the countryside and the commons were being enclosed. Cottagers and poor peasants who were earlier depended on common lands became jobless So when merchants came around and offered advances to produce, peasants households eagerly agreed. | |
| 21. |
Why did political leaders differ sharply over the question of separate electorates ? |
| Answer» Political leaders differed sharply over the question of separate electorates because of differences in opinion. While those supporting the cause of minorities and the dalits believed that only political empowerment would resolve their social backwardness, others like Gandhiji thought that separate electorates would further slow down the process of their integration into society. Also, it was feared that the system of separate electorates would gradually divide the country into numerous fragments because every community or class would then ask for separate representations. | |
| 22. |
What do you meant by the idea of satyagraha ? |
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Answer» A non-violent method used by Gandhi ji against the oppressor was called satyagraha. A non-violent method used by Gandhi ji against the oppressor was called satyagraha. ?thanks Satyagraha was a novel method of mass agitation. The idea of Satyagraha emphasized upon the power of truth and the need to search for truth. It suggested that if the cause was true and if the struggle was against injustice, then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.Through non-violent methods a Satyagraha could appeal the conscience of the oppressor by the power of truth, which was bound to win. |
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| 23. |
Write a news paper report on 1) Jallianwala bagh Massacre2) the siamon commission ? |
| Answer» a) On 13th April 1919, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh – some to protest against the British government’s repressive measures, others to attend the annual Baishakhi Fair. These people were unaware of the imposition of Martial Law in the city. General Dyer, the Commander, blocked the exit points from the Bagh and opened fire upon the innocent citizens. Dyer’s intention was to produce a ‘moral effect’ and terrorize satyagrahis. Hundreds of innocent people including women and children were killed and wounded due to this indiscriminate firing by the British soldiers, which ultimately led to nation-wide outrage. Jallianwala Bagh incident was the most brutal incident in the History of India.b) The Simon Commission was constituted by the Tory Government in Britain, under Sir John Simon. The objective of the Commission was to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India and suggest some constitutional changes. But nationalists in India opposed the Commission because it had not a single Indian member. Therefore, when the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928, it was greeted with the slogan “Go Back Simon”. All parties, including Congress and the Muslim league, participated in the demonstrations. | |
| 24. |
Why did various classes and groups of indians participate in civil disobedience movement ? |
| Answer» Various classes and different social groups of Indians participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement led by Gandhiji in 1930. All of them joined this movement on account of their own needs, aspirations and limited understanding.(i) In the rural areas, rich farmers and peasant communities such as Patidars (Gujarat) and Jats in Uttar Pradesh were very hardly hit by the trade depression and they participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement and supported the boycott programmes.(ii) The poor peasants also demanded that their dues of rent should be remitted.(iii) The business classes participated in the movement to oppose the colonial policies that restricted business activities. (iv) Some prominent industrialists supported the movement financially and boycott the trading of foreign goods.(v) The industrial working classes except the workers in Nagpur region stayed away from this movement as big industrialists came closer to the Congress. This was the first time that the large number of women participated in the Nationalist Movement | |
| 25. |
Explain about the unification of Italy |
| Answer» \tPolitical Fragmentation: Like Germany, Italy was also politically fragmented. During the middle of the 19th century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia- Piedmont was ruled by an Italian Prince.\tRole ofMazzini: Giuseppe Mazzini made efforts to unite Italian Republic. He had formed a secret society called ‘Young Italy’ for achieving his goal.\tRole of Count Cavour: He was the chief minister who led the movement to unify Italy. He formed a tactful diplomatic alliance with France and defeated the Austrian forces.\tRole of Giuseppe Garibaldi: Garibaldi also formed armed volunteers. In 1860, they marched into South Italy and the Kingdoms of Two Sicilies and succeeded in driving out the Spanish rulers.\tIn 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy. | |
| 26. |
How did the ideas of romantic nationalism in the Balkans spread |
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Answer» Balkan party ZINDABAD.! Nationalist\xa0tensions emerged in the\xa0Balkans\xa0because of the\xa0spread\xa0of\xa0ideas of romantic nationalism\xa0as also the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire that had previously ruled over this area. The different Slavic communities in the\xa0Balkans\xa0began to strive for independent rule.\xa0Romanticism, a cultural movement, sought to develop a particular form of\xa0nationalist sentiment. It generally criticised the glorification of reason and Science and focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical\xa0feelings. Nationalist\xa0tensions emerged in the\xa0Balkans\xa0because of the\xa0spread\xa0of\xa0ideas of romantic nationalism\xa0as also the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire that had previously ruled over this area. The different Slavic communities in the\xa0Balkans\xa0began to strive for independent rule.\xa0Romanticism, a cultural movement, sought to develop a particular form of\xa0nationalist sentiment. It generally criticised the glorification of reason and Science and focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical\xa0feelings. |
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| 27. |
What was the division of power between central and state government of belgium. |
| Answer» A n s w e r:Many powers of the Central government have been given to State government of the two regions of the country. The State governments are not subordinate to the Central Government. | |
| 28. |
Why did balkans become a centre of tension after 1848 ?Please try to answer in your own language.? |
| Answer» Balkan region was a source of tension because of the following reasons:\xa0(1) It was a region of geographical, ethnic variation comprising Romania, Bulgaria, etc:and its inhabitants were broadly known as Slavs.\xa0(2) Large part of Balkans was under the Ottoman Empire and the disintegration of which created an explosive situation. One by one its European subject nationalities broke away from its control and declared independence.\xa0(3) Balkan peoples based their claims for independence or political rights on nationality and used history to prove that they were independent but subsequently subjugated.\xa0(4) The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other & hoped to gain territory.\xa0(5) Matters complicated because of intense rivalry among European powers over Trade & colonies as well as naval and military might. This led to a series of wars in the region and finally the first world war. | |
| 29. |
Why did the Manchester export to India decline after the first world war |
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Answer» Ans.~ Manchester export to India declined after the First World War because the British industries and mills were busy in fulfilling the needs of the army. Most of the products were manufactured for meeting the war needs. Hence, the supply to India became restricted and the home market in India got an opportunity to supply their products. HoPe It HeLpS yOu?? Manchester export to India declined after the First World War because the British industries and mills were busy in fulfilling the needs of the army. Most of the products were manufactured for meeting the war needs.Hence, the supply to India became restricted and the home market in India got an opportunity to supply their products. |
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| 30. |
Why Iron and Steel are considered as index of a country\'s development? ? ? (3 mark) |
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Answer» Production and consumption of steel is regarded as the index of a country’s development because of the following reasons:\xa0\tThe production and consumption of iron and steel reflects the level of industrialisation and economic development of a country.\xa0\tAll the other industries depend on it for their machinery. It provides raw material for making industrial machinery, electrical machinery, defence equipments, bridges, dams, shops, houses, etc.\xa0\tVehicles carrying goods from one place to another are also made up of steel. It is because of these vehicles that our goods are transported from one place to another.\xa0\tSteel is required to manufacture a variety of consumer goods, like bicycles, fans, furniture, tractors, etc.\xa0\tIt is the basic unit of economy. All buildings and infrastructures are constructed using iron and steel.\xa0 Production and consumption of steel are often regarded as the index of a country\'s development as:\tThe products of these enterprises are used as the raw material in different industries.\tFor this reason it is called the feeder industry.\tSteel products are required for exports.\tSteel is used to create various machinery for ensuring country’s growth. |
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| 31. |
Give information on cropping season |
| Answer» \xa0Rabi season : Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard. These crops are grown in large parts of India, states from the north and north - western parts such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh are important for the production of wheat and other rabi crops. Availability of precipitation during winter months due to the western temperate cyclones helps in the success of these crops.\xa0\xa0Kharif season :Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September - October. Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur(arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.\xa0Zaid season : In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season. Some of the crops produced during \'zaid\' are watermelon, muskmelon, cumumber, vegetables and fodder crops. | |
| 32. |
What is the importance of agriculture in Indian economy |
| Answer» a. India is an agricultural country.b. Nearly two-thirds of its population depends directly on agriculture for its livelihood.c. Agriculture is the main stay of India\'s economy.d. It accounts for 26% of the gross domestic product.e. It ensures food security for the country and produces several raw materials for Industries.f. Agricultural development is therefore, a precondition of our national prosperity. | |
| 33. |
How is modern money linked with the banking system |
| Answer» The modern forms of money include currency and deposits in bank.Currency which are paper notes and coins in form has been authorised by the govt. of India. Though they are not made from precious metal or of everyday use but being legalised by the RBI these act like medium of exchange in settling transactions smoothly. Also,these have provided a safe and secure way for the people to handle their transactions.Now,with the gradual changes people have now started opening their account in bank to keep the money as demand deposits where their money is safe, they get interest on their deposit and also can avail cheque facility where they can settle payments without the use of cash.Here, this signifies the role of bank and hence it as been claimed that the modern form of money are closely linked to the modern baking system. | |
| 34. |
Which country is largest consumer of sugarcane |
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Answer» Only "India" India India is the largest consumer of sugar India is the world\'s\xa0largest consumer of sugar. And in recent years, India became a close competitor with Brazil for the\xa0top\xa0producer spot, now producing around 30m tonnes annually. Given their massive\xa0consumption\xa0and production, the industry is very large in India. United States |
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| 35. |
What are processes of Manufacture Steel? ? (3 mark) |
| Answer» Steelmaking is the process for producing steel from iron ore and scrap. In steelmaking, impurities such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and excess carbon are removed from the raw iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium and vanadium are added to produce different grades of steel. Limiting dissolved gases such as nitrogen and oxygen, and entrained impurities (termed "inclusions") in the steel is also important to ensure the quality of the products cast from the liquid steel. Steelmaking has existed for millennia, but it was not commercialized on a massive scale until the 19th century. The ancient craft process of steelmaking was the crucible process. In the 1850s and 1860s, the Bessemer process and the Siemens-Martin process turned steelmaking into a heavy industry. Today there are two major commercial processes for making steel, namely basic oxygen steelmaking, which has liquid pig-iron from the blast furnace and scrap steel as the main feed materials, and electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking, which uses scrap steel or direct reduced iron (DRI) as the main feed materials. Oxygen steelmaking is fuelled predominantly by the exothermic nature of the reactions inside the vessel where as in EAF steelmaking, electrical energy is used to melt the solid scrap and/or DRI materials. In recent times, EAF steelmaking technology has evolved closer to oxygen steelmaking as more chemical energy is introduced into the process.... hope it would be helpful✌? | |
| 36. |
IMPORTANT POINTS of Nationalism in India |
| Answer» Mahatma Gandhi and the idea of Satyagraha:Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in 1915 from South Africa. Gandhiji’s novel method of mass agitation is know as ‘Satyagraha’. Satyagraha emphasized truth. Gandhiji believed that if the cause is true, if the struggle is against injustice, then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor. A satyagrahi can win the battle through non-violence. People, including oppressors, had to be persuaded to see the truth. Truth was bound to ultimately triumph.In India the first was at Champaran in 1916 to inspire plantation workers to struggle against oppressive plantation system. In 1917 Satyagraha at Kheda to support peasants.In 1918 Satyagraha at Ahmadabad:Among the cotton mill workers.‘Hind Swaraj’:The famous book written by Mahatma Gandhi, which emphasized non-cooperation to British rule in India.New economic situation created in India by the First World War:\tManchester imports into India declined as the British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army paving the way for the Indian mills to supply for the huge home market\tAs the war prolonged, Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs. As a result new factories were set up, new workers were employed and everyone was made to work longer hrs.\tCotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically after the war, as it was unable to modernize and compete with US, Germany, Japan. Hence within colonies like India, local industrialists gradually consolidated their position capturing the home market.The Rowlatt Act of 1919:It gave the British government enormous power to repress political activities and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.Jallianwala Bagh incident:On 13th April 1919, a crowd of villagers who had come to attend a Baisakhi fair, gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh. Being from outside the city, many were not aware of the martial law that had been imposed as a repressive measure. General Dyer with his British troops entered the park and closed the only exit point without giving any warning to the assembled people and ordered the troops to fire at the crowds, killing hundreds. This brutal act of General Dyer provoked unparalleled indignation. As the news of Jallianwala Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many North Indian towns. There were hartals, clashes and attacks on government buildings.Non-cooperation programme\xa0was adopted at Nagpur in Dec. 1920.Effects of the Non-cooperation Movement on the economy of India:Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops were picketed and foreign cloth was burnt. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921-1922. Its value dropped from Rs 102 crore to Rs 57 crore. Many merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. People began discarding imported clothes and wearing Indian ones. The production of Indian textile mills and hand looms went up. Use of khadi was popularized.Non-cooperation Movement in the countryside:\tIn Awadh, the peasants’ movement led by Baba Ramchandra was against talukdars and landlords who demanded extremely high rents and a variety of other ceases from the peasants. Peasants were forced to work in landlords’ farms without any payment (beggar). Peasants had no security of tenure, thus being regularly evicted so that they could acquire no right over the leased land. The demands of the peasants were— reduction of revenue, abolition of beggar and social boycott of oppressive landlords.\tIn the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh a militant guerrilla movement spread in the early 1920s against the closure of forest areas by the colonial government, preventing people from entering the forests to graze their cattle, or to collect fuel wood and fruits. They felt that their traditional rights were being denied.\tFor plantation workers in Assam, freedom meant the right to move freely in and out of the confined space in which they were enclosed. It meant retaining a link with the village from which they had come. Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to leave tea gardens without permission. In fact the permission was hardly granted. When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement, thousands of workers defied the authorities and left for their homes.Slowing down of Non-cooperation Movement in cities:\tKhadi cloth was more expensive than mill cloth and poor people could not afford to buy it. As a result they could not boycott mill cloth for too long.\tAlternative Indian institutions were not there which could be used in place of the British ones.\tThese were slow to come up.\tSo students and teachers began trickling back to government schools and lawyers joined back work in government courts.Khilafat movement:Khilafat movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi and the Ali Brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali in response to the harsh treatment given to the Caliph of Ottoman empire and the dismemberment of the Ottoman empire by the British.Chauri Chaura incident:In February 1922, Gandhiji decided to launch a no tax movement. The police opened fire at the people who were taking part in a demonstration, without any provocation. The people turned violent in their anger and attacked the police station and set fire to it. The incident took place at Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh.When the news reached Gandhiji, he decided to call off the Non-cooperation movement as he felt that it was turning violent and that the satyagrahis were not properly trained for mass struggle.Swaraj Party was founded by C.R. Das and Moti Lai Nehru for return to council Politics. Simon Commission 1928 and boycott. Lahore Congress session and demand for Puma Swaraj in 1929. Dandi march and the beginning of civil Disobedience movement.Features of Civil Disobedience Movement:\tPeople were now asked not only to refuse cooperation with the British but also to break colonial laws.\tForeign cloth was boycotted and people were asked to picket liquor shops.\tPeasants were asked not to pay revenue and chaukidari taxes.\tStudents, lawyers and village officials were asked not to attend English medium schools, colleges, courts and offices.‘Salt March’:On 31st January, 1930 Mahatma Gandhi sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands, one of which was the demand to abolish Salt Tax. Salt was one of the most essential food items consumed by the rich and poor alike and a tax on it was considered an oppression on the people by the British Government. Mahatma Gandhi’s letter was an ultimatum and if his demands were not fulfilled by March 11, he had threatened to launch a civil disobedience campaign. So, Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Salt March accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in Sabarmati to the Gujarati coastal town of Dandi. The volunteers walked for 24 days, about 10 miles a day. Thousands came to hear Mahatma Gandhi wherever he stopped, and he told them what he meant by Swaraj and urged them to peace-fully defy the British. On 6th April, he reached Dandi, and ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt by boiling sea water. This marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.Who participated in the movement?Civil Disobedience Movement came into force in various parts of the country. Gandhiji led the salt march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi with his followers starting the Civil Disobedience Movement. In the countryside, the rich Patidars of Gujarat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh were active in the movement. As rich communities were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices, they became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Merchants and industrialists supported the movement by giving financial assistance and also by refusing to buy and sell the imported goods. The industrial working class of Nagpur region also participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Railway workers, dock workers, mineral of Chhota Nagpur, etc. participated in protest rallies and boycott campaigns.Limits of the movementless participation by untouchables—Ambedker for separate electorate and Poona pact of 1932, Luke warm response by some Muslim Political Organization.Provisions of Poona pact of 1932:Signed between Dr. Ambedkar and Gandhiji. It gave depressed classes reserved seats in central provincial councils but they were to be voted by the general electorate.The sense of collective belonging:Though nationalism spread through the experience of united struggle but a variety of cultural processes captured the imagination of Indians and promoted a sense of collective belonging:\tUse of figures or images: The identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. Devotion to the mother figure came to be seen as an evidence of one’s nationalism\tIndian folklore: Nationalists started recording and using folklore’s and tales, which they believed, gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces. So preservation of these became a way to discover one’s national identity and restore a sense of price in one’s past.\tUse of icons and symbols in the form of flags: Carrying the tricolor flag and holding it aloft during marches became a symbol of defiance and promoted a sense of collective belonging.\tReinterpretation of history: Indians began looking into the past to rediscover the glorious developments in ancient times in the field of art, science, mathematics, religion and culture, etc. This glorious time was followed by a history of decline when India got colonized, as Indian history was miserably written by the colonizers. | |
| 37. |
Why is power sharing is necessary? |
| Answer» Power sharing\xa0is the\xa0need\xa0in\xa0democracy\xa0because it helps in reducing the possibility of conflict between the social groups. Because social conflict often leads to violence and political instability and also\xa0Power sharing\xa0is a good way to ensure the stability of political order. | |
| 38. |
Why textile industries are concentrated near hooghly river |
| Answer» Reasons for concentration of jute mills along the Hoogly river:\tWest Bengal is the storehouse of jute. It produces the highest quantity of jute.\tThe industry requires a lot of water which is easily available from the Hoogly river.\tCheap labour is easily available because of migrating labour from neighbouring states of Bihar and Odisha.\tInexpensive water transport in the river Hoogly is available.\tA large urban sector in Kolkata provides banking, insurance and loan facilities.\tKolkata is a good harbour which can provide facilities for the export of jute products in various parts of the world. | |
| 39. |
Write about national parties and state parties |
| Answer» National political parties1. Democracies that follow a federal system all over the world tend to have two kinds of political parties: parties that are present in only one of the federal units and parties that are present in several or all units of Federation.2. Every party in the country has to register with the Election Commission. While the Election Commission treats all parties equally it offers some special facilities to large and established parties.3. Parties that get this privilege and some other special facilities are ‘recognised’ by the Election Commission for this purpose. That is why these parties are called, ‘recognised political parties’.4. According to this classification, there were six national recognised parties in the country in 2006. These are:I) Indian National CongressII) Bharatiya Janta PartyIII) Bahujan Samaj PartyIV) Communist Party of Indian-MarxistV) Communist Party of IndiaVI) Nationalist Congress PartyState party1. Other than these six parties, most of the major parties of the country are classified by the Election Commission as ‘State parties’.2. Parties like theI) Samajwadi party,II) Samata party and Rashtriya Janta Dal have national level political organization with units in several states.3. Some of these parties like Biju Janta Dal, Sikkim Democratic Front and Mizo national Front are conscious about their state identity.4. Over the last three decades, the number and strength of these parties has expanded. | |
| 40. |
Choose three example to show the contribution to culture to the growth of Nationalism in Europe. |
| Answer» Three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of nationalism in Europe were:\t\xa0Romanticism was a European cultural movement aimed at developing national unity by creating a sense of shared heritage and common history. The Romantic artists\' emphasis on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings gave shape and expression to nationalist sentiments. The strength of art in promoting nationalism is well exemplified in the role played by European poets and artists in mobilising public opinion to support the Greeks in their struggle to establish their national identity.\t\xa0Folk songs, dances and poetry contributed to popularising the spirit of nationalism and patriotic fervour in Europe. Collecting and recording the different forms of folk culture was important for building a national consciousness. Being a part of the lives of the common people, folk culture enabled nationalists to carry the message of nationalism to a large and diverse audience. The Polish composer Karol Kurpinski celebrated and popularised the Polish nationalist struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.\tLanguage also played a distinctive role in developing nationalist feelings in Europe. An example of this is how during Russian occupation, the use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of struggle against Russian dominance. During this period, Polish language was forced out of schools and Russian language was imposed everywhere. Following the defeat of an armed rebellion against Russian rule in 1831, many members of the clergy in Poland began using language as a weapon of national resistance. They did so by refusing to preach in Russian, and by using Polish for Church gatherings and religious instruction. The emphasis on the use of vernacular language, the language of the masses, helped spread the message of national unity. | |
| 41. |
What did liberalism mean to different people and different classes |
| Answer» Liberalism: Derived from Latin word \'liber\'means \'free\'.It meant differently to different people.Middle class:\xa0For the new middle classes it stood for freedom of individual and equality of all before law.Politically: It emphasized government by consent. There was to be an end to autocracy and clerical privileges. The right to vote was meant to be only for property-owning men. The lower classes\xa0were therefore not included. ln general, it stood for the inviolability of private property and freedom of the markets from state-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods. | |
| 42. |
French revolution started in |
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Answer» 1789 In\xa0the year 1789, French Revolution started leading to a series of the events started by the middle class. The people had revolted against the cruel regime of the monarchy. This revolution had put forth the ideas of liberty, fraternity as well as equality 1789 |
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| 43. |
Why do we need to expand formal sources of credit in India?(5 marks question) |
| Answer» we need to expand formal sources of credit in india because:-(1) There is no organisation which supervises the credit activities of lenders in the informal sector.(2) There is no one to stop them from using unfair means to get their money back.(3) Formal sources of credit\xa0are less risky and they charge less rate of interest .(4) The RBI supervises the functioning of\xa0formal sourcesif\xa0loans. | |
| 44. |
Who elect the communist government in belgium |
| Answer» People belonging to one language community such as\xa0French, German and Dutch\xa0irrespective of where they live elects the community government in Belgium.The king is the head as well as the prime minister of the state in Belgium.It forms a federal, democratic and constitutional monarchy. | |
| 45. |
Conservation of resources is vital for development give one example regarding the statement ? |
| Answer» | |
| 46. |
Can anyone tell me which chapter from history will come in board exam |
| Answer» Ch1RISE OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE Ch2 RISE OF NATIONALISM IN INDIA | |
| 47. |
Who remarked when France sneezes rest of Europe catches cold? |
| Answer» An austrain chancellor Duke Metternich remarked -"when france sneezes rest of the europe catches cold". | |
| 48. |
who are the people under unorganised sector in rular and urban areas ????plzzzzz answere |
| Answer» Urban area: rikhsaw puller, small business men, labour ,auto drivers, staff of small private company.Rular area:Small farmer, agriculture labour ,small bussiness worker,people whoes work based on daily wages, worker of shop. | |
| 49. |
mention one satisfactory feature of our land use pattern. |
| Answer» The most satisfactory feature of land use pattern of our country is the Barren and Waste land has reduced from 12.01% (1960-61) to 6.29% (2002-03). Q3: Which is the most unsatisfactory feature of our land use pattern? Ans: Land under forests has changed marginally. | |
| 50. |
What is partishan and partishanship? |
| Answer» A person who is strongly committed to a party and supports them is known as a partisan. The tendency to prefer a particular party over other parties is known as partisanship. | |