113 + Interview Questions in THE-FUNDAMENTAL-UNIT-OF-LIFE IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 2 InterviewSolution

51.	Which of the following is incorrect pair ?A. chloroplast-kitchen of the cellB. mitochondria-power house of the cellC. lysosome -secretory granulesD. nucleus-brain of the cell
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

52.	Photosynitetic pigments are located inA. stormaB. outer membrane of chloroplastC. granaD. inner membrane of chloroplast
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

53.	Which of the following act as garbage disposal system of the cell ?A. Golgi apparatusB. lysosomeC. vacuoleD. peroxisome
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

54.	Which of these options are not a function of ribosomes? I. It helps in manufacture of protein molecules. II. It helps in manufacture of enzymes. III. In helps in manufacture of hormones. IV. In helps in manufacture of strach molecules.A. (i) and (ii)B. (ii) and (iii)C. (iii) and (iv)D. (iv) and (i)
Answer» Correct Answer - C Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

Discussion

55.	What is the normal location of the nucleus (i) in an animall cell and (ii) in a plant cell ?
Answer» (i) In an animal cell, nucleus is normally located in the centre. (ii) In a plant cell, due to presence of large vacuole, nucleus is normally pushed to one side of the cell.

Discussion

56.	In brief state what happens when (a) Dry apricots are left for sometime in pure water and later transferred to sugar solution? (b) A red blood cell is kept in concentrated saline solution? (c) The plasma-membrane of a cell breaks down? (d) When Rheo leaves are boiled in water first and then a drop of sugar syrup is put on it, osmosis does not occurs, due to the death of the cells of the leaf. This shown that selective permeability is property of living plasma membrane. (e) Golgi complex helps in the package, storage and transfer of proteins synthesised by ribosomes. Thus, when ribosomes are removed the cell will not function propertly.
Answer» (a) Dry apricots first swell up due to endosmosis and later, when put in sugar solution, they shrink due to exosmosis. (b) R.B.Cs will shrink due to exosmosis. (c) The cell will die. (d) On boiling, the cells of rheo leaves get killed. Therefore, no change will occur on putting drop of sugar syrup on rheo leaves. (e) Vesicle formation in the cell will stop.

Discussion

57.	Middle lamella is formed ofA. calcium pectateB. celluloseC. hemicelluloseD. lignin
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

58.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. In juman cheek cells, nucleus is generally locatedA. near the plasma membraneB. on one sideC. in the centreD. on border
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

59.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Temporary mount of a tissur is made inA. waxB. alcoholC. glycerineD. xylene
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

60.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. We generally mount the material in the slideA. in the centreB. on the left side of slideC. on the right side of slideD. both (b) and (c )
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

61.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Coverslip is put on the mounted material on a slide very gently toA. avoid the crushing of mounted materialB. avoid the entry of air bubbleC. avoid cozing of stainD. avoid oozing of glycerine
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

62.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Definite shape of cell is seen in case ofA. plant cellB. animal cellC. both animal and plant cellD. neither animal nor plant cell
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

63.	The term cell was coined by and the cell was first seen byA. LeeuwenhoekB. Robert HookeC. FlemingD. Robert Brown
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

64.	The term cell was coined by and the cell was first seen byA. LeeuwenhoekB. Robert HookeC. Fleming D. Robert Brown
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

65.	Write three similarities and three dissimilarities between chloroplasts and chromoplasts.
Answer» Similarities 1. Both are double-membrane bound cell organelles. 2. Both have DNA, Ribosomes, RNA and enzymes and can synthesize some of their own proteins (i.e., they are semiautonomous organelles). 3. Both occur in plant cells. Dissimilarities 1. Chloroplasts are green coloured plastids but chromoplasts are non-green plastids. 2. Chloroplasts chiefly possess chlorophyll as photosynthetic pigment and chomoplasts have carotenoids as the chief photosyntehtic pigments. 3. Chloroplasts are sites of photosynthesis but chromoplasts impart colour to organs of plants for attracting animals for performing pollination and fruit dispersal.

Discussion

66.	Lipid molecules in the cell are synthesized byA. smooth endoplasmic reticulumB. rough endoplasmic reticulumC. Golgi apparatusD. plastids
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

67.	The longest cell in the numan body isA. never cellB. muscle cellC. liver cellD. kidney cell
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

68.	Who proposed the "Cell theory"A. Schleiden and SchwannB. Watson and CrickC. Darwin and WallaceD. Mendel and Morgan
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

69.	What is the significance of exocytosis ?
Answer» It is responsible for (i) removal of undigested food left in the food vacuoles in the cells, and (ii) secretion of hormones, enzymes etc. by the cells.

Discussion

70.	Why is endcytosis found is animals only?
Answer» Endocytosis is the process by which animals engulf food and other substances from external medium by plasma membrane. This is only possible in animals where plasma membrane is in direct contact with external medium. Plant cells have rigid cell well as the outermost covering. Their plasma membrane, therefore cannot perform endocytosis.

Discussion

71.	What do you mean by bulk transport of materials ? Name two special processes involved for such transfer across plasma membrane ?
Answer» Bulk transport of materials involve special processes to transport macro-molecules, lipid droplets and solid food particles in large amounts across the plasma membrane. Special processes are endocytosis and exocytosis.

Discussion

72.	Movement of substances across a plasma membrane takes place from a region of _________-concentration to a region where itsconcentration is _________.A. high, lowB. low, highC. high, highD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

73.	Fungi, Plants and Animals can be classfied as ______________ organisms.A. unicellularB. multicellularC. both A and BD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

74.	Movement of water from a region of high concentration to region of low concentration is known asA. diffusionB. osmosisC. plasmolysisD. all of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

75.	Plasma membrane is also known asA. selectively permeable membraneB. permeable membraneC. both A and BD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

76.	Draw a plant cell and label the parts which (a) determines the function and development of the cell. (b) packages materials coming from the endoplasmic reticulum. (c) provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without bursting. (d) is site for any biochemical reaction necessary to sustain life. (e) is a fluod contained inside the nucleus.
Answer» (a) Nucleus ltbgt (b) Golgi apparatus (c) Cell wall (d) Cytoplasm (e) Nucleoplasm.

Discussion

77.	How many ions of `Na^(+)` and `K^(+)` are pumped out and in sodium-potassium exchange pump for each molecule of ATP used ?
Answer» `3 Na^(+)` are pumped out and `2 K^(+)` are pumped in for each molecule of ATP used.

Discussion

78.	Name the nucleic acids that are present in an animal cell.
Answer» Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Discussion

79.	Give reasons for the following : (a) Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. (b) Mitochondria are also called semiautonomous organelles.
Answer» (a) (i) Bacterial cells have nuclear material not bounded by nuclear membrane. (ii) Bacteria lack membrane-bound cell organelles such as mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles etc. (b) Mitochondria have DNA, RNA, ribosomes and enzymes. These can synthesize some of their proteins. Hence, these are termed semiautonomous organelles.

Discussion

80.	Golgi apparatus is involved I synthesis ofA. new membranesB. new membranes and lysosomesC. celluloseD. glucose
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

81.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Nucleus was discovered byA. Robert HookeB. Robert BrownC. VirchowD. Schleiden
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

82.	Organelle other than nucleus, containing DNA isA. endoplasmic reticulumB. mitochondriaC. Golgi apparatusD. lysosomes
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

83.	Well dedined nucleus is absent inA. Plant cellB. animal cellC. eukaryotic cellD. prokaryotic cell
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

84.	Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Answer» It is termed nucleod. It lies in the cytoplasm and not covered with a nuclear membrane. `{:("Prokaryotic Cell","Eukaryotic Cell"),("1. Size. generally small" (1-0 mu m) 1 mu m=10^(6) m,"1. Size. generally large"(5-100 mu m)),("2. Nuclear region:","2. Nuclear region : well defined and surrounded by a nuclear membrane."),(" ............................",),(" ............................",),("3. Chromosome : single","3. More than one chromosome."),("4. Membrane-bond cell organelles absent.","4. ................"),(, " ................"),(," ................"):}` 4. Membrane-bound cell organelles are present in the cytoplasm.

Discussion

85.	To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. The outer most layer of human cheek cells isA. cytoplasmB. plasma membraneC. cell wallD. nuclear membrane
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

86.	Select the odd one outA. The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane is affected by the amount of substances dissolved in it.B. Membranes are made of organic molecules like proteins and lipids.C. Molecules soluble in organic solvents can easily pass through the membrane.D. Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

87.	The infoldings in mitochondria are known asA. cristaeB. matrixC. cisternaeD. grana
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

88.	Mitochondria are seats ofA. aerobic respirationB. Krebs cycle of aerobic respirationC. glycolysis of aerobic respirationD. anaerobic respiration
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

89.	Seat of photosynthesis isA. leucoplastB. chloroplastC. chromoplastD. both a and c
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

90.	Nucleolus is a seat ofA. protein synthesisB. ribosome synthesisC. enzyme synthesisD. mRNA synthesis
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

91.	What are chromosomes ? List their two functions.
Answer» Chromosomes are thread-like structures usually present in the nucleus and become visible only during cell division. They are composed of DNA and Proteins. (i) Chromosomes contain hereditary information of the cell. (ii) DNA of chromosomes also controls all the activites of the cell.

Discussion

92.	Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?
Answer» Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they contain enzymes that are needed fpr stepwise oxidation of food stuffs (carbohydrates, fats) present in the cells to `CO_(2)` and water. Oxidation of food releases energy which is used to form high-energy ATP molecules. ATP is used to bring about energy-requiring activites of the cell.

Discussion

93.	Genetic material of a eukaryotic cell is contained inA. nucleousB. nucleusC. nucleoplasmD. nucleoid
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

94.	(a) List various components of the nucleus. (b) What are chromosomes ? Give their chemical compositon. (c) List the type of chromosome if it has the following position of centromere. (i) in the middle. (ii) at the tip of chromosome.
Answer» (a) Nuclear envelope, nuclear sap, chromatin material, nucleolus and nuclear matrix. (b) Chromosomes are thread-like structures usually present in the nucleus and become visible only during cell divison. Each chromosome is made up of DNA and Proteins. (c) (i) Metacentric chromosome (ii) Telocentric chromosome.

Discussion

95.	One day Muskan saw her mother making pickle. Her mother cut of the corrots, turnips and cauliflowers into small pices, wahed them and put them in the sun for few hours. Therefore, she mixed common salt oil, paste of onion , ginger and garlic, gur, res chili, turmeric powser acetic andic, etc., as per requirement with the cut vegetables and heated them. After cooling she put the contents in the air tight jar and kept it in the sun for many days. (i) Why dis Muskan mother cut the vegetables into small pieces and put them in the sun for few hours ? (ii) Why did she mix common salt in the cut vetgetables and lieated it ? Name the process involved. (iii) Why did she mix acetic acid ?
Answer» (a) your mother cut the vegetables into small pieces and put them into the sun for few hours so that they lose water by diffusion and become dry. (b) She mixed common salt to the cut vegetables so that cur vegetables lose further water by the process of exosmosis. Heating was done to evaporate the water. (c) Acetic acid was used as preservative.

Discussion

96.	Name three basic components of a typical eukaryotic cell.
Answer» Plasma membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm.

Discussion

97.	Which of the structures are found (a) in animal cells, (b) in plant cells only, and (c) both animal and plant cells.
Answer» (a) Centrosome. (b) plastids, cell wall. (c) Plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, ER, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondriam plastids.

Discussion

98.	The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cell isA. MitochondriaB. ribosomesC. plastidsD. lysosomes
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

99.	The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cellA. mitochondriaB. ribosomesC. plastidsD. lysosomes
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

100.	What are the consequences of the following conditions? (a) A cell containing higher water concentration than the surrounding medium (b) A cell having low water concentration then tha surrounding medium. (c) A cell having equal water concentration to its surrounding medium.
Answer» (a) Water will flow out of the cell due to exosmosis. (b) Water will flow into the cell due to endosmosis. (c) No change in the cell.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Which of the following is incorrect pair ?A. chloroplast-kitchen of the cellB. mitochondria-power house of the cellC. lysosome -secretory granulesD. nucleus-brain of the cell

Photosynitetic pigments are located inA. stormaB. outer membrane of chloroplastC. granaD. inner membrane of chloroplast

Which of the following act as garbage disposal system of the cell ?A. Golgi apparatusB. lysosomeC. vacuoleD. peroxisome

Which of these options are not a function of ribosomes? I. It helps in manufacture of protein molecules. II. It helps in manufacture of enzymes. III. In helps in manufacture of hormones. IV. In helps in manufacture of strach molecules.A. (i) and (ii)B. (ii) and (iii)C. (iii) and (iv)D. (iv) and (i)

What is the normal location of the nucleus (i) in an animall cell and (ii) in a plant cell ?

Middle lamella is formed ofA. calcium pectateB. celluloseC. hemicelluloseD. lignin

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. In juman cheek cells, nucleus is generally locatedA. near the plasma membraneB. on one sideC. in the centreD. on border

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Temporary mount of a tissur is made inA. waxB. alcoholC. glycerineD. xylene

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. We generally mount the material in the slideA. in the centreB. on the left side of slideC. on the right side of slideD. both (b) and (c )

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Definite shape of cell is seen in case ofA. plant cellB. animal cellC. both animal and plant cellD. neither animal nor plant cell

The term cell was coined by and the cell was first seen byA. LeeuwenhoekB. Robert HookeC. FlemingD. Robert Brown

The term cell was coined by and the cell was first seen byA. LeeuwenhoekB. Robert HookeC. Fleming D. Robert Brown

Write three similarities and three dissimilarities between chloroplasts and chromoplasts.

Lipid molecules in the cell are synthesized byA. smooth endoplasmic reticulumB. rough endoplasmic reticulumC. Golgi apparatusD. plastids

The longest cell in the numan body isA. never cellB. muscle cellC. liver cellD. kidney cell

Who proposed the "Cell theory"A. Schleiden and SchwannB. Watson and CrickC. Darwin and WallaceD. Mendel and Morgan

What is the significance of exocytosis ?

Why is endcytosis found is animals only?

What do you mean by bulk transport of materials ? Name two special processes involved for such transfer across plasma membrane ?

Movement of substances across a plasma membrane takes place from a region of _________-concentration to a region where itsconcentration is _________.A. high, lowB. low, highC. high, highD. none of these

Fungi, Plants and Animals can be classfied as ______________ organisms.A. unicellularB. multicellularC. both A and BD. none of these

Movement of water from a region of high concentration to region of low concentration is known asA. diffusionB. osmosisC. plasmolysisD. all of these

Plasma membrane is also known asA. selectively permeable membraneB. permeable membraneC. both A and BD. none of these

How many ions of `Na^(+)` and `K^(+)` are pumped out and in sodium-potassium exchange pump for each molecule of ATP used ?

Name the nucleic acids that are present in an animal cell.

Give reasons for the following : (a) Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. (b) Mitochondria are also called semiautonomous organelles.

Golgi apparatus is involved I synthesis ofA. new membranesB. new membranes and lysosomesC. celluloseD. glucose

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. Nucleus was discovered byA. Robert HookeB. Robert BrownC. VirchowD. Schleiden

Organelle other than nucleus, containing DNA isA. endoplasmic reticulumB. mitochondriaC. Golgi apparatusD. lysosomes

Well dedined nucleus is absent inA. Plant cellB. animal cellC. eukaryotic cellD. prokaryotic cell

Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

To prepare stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, and (b) human cheek cells and to record observations and draw their labelled diagram. The outer most layer of human cheek cells isA. cytoplasmB. plasma membraneC. cell wallD. nuclear membrane

The infoldings in mitochondria are known asA. cristaeB. matrixC. cisternaeD. grana

Mitochondria are seats ofA. aerobic respirationB. Krebs cycle of aerobic respirationC. glycolysis of aerobic respirationD. anaerobic respiration

Seat of photosynthesis isA. leucoplastB. chloroplastC. chromoplastD. both a and c

Nucleolus is a seat ofA. protein synthesisB. ribosome synthesisC. enzyme synthesisD. mRNA synthesis

What are chromosomes ? List their two functions.

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?

Genetic material of a eukaryotic cell is contained inA. nucleousB. nucleusC. nucleoplasmD. nucleoid

(a) List various components of the nucleus. (b) What are chromosomes ? Give their chemical compositon. (c) List the type of chromosome if it has the following position of centromere. (i) in the middle. (ii) at the tip of chromosome.

Name three basic components of a typical eukaryotic cell.

Which of the structures are found (a) in animal cells, (b) in plant cells only, and (c) both animal and plant cells.

The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cell isA. MitochondriaB. ribosomesC. plastidsD. lysosomes

The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cellA. mitochondriaB. ribosomesC. plastidsD. lysosomes

What are the consequences of the following conditions? (a) A cell containing higher water concentration than the surrounding medium (b) A cell having low water concentration then tha surrounding medium. (c) A cell having equal water concentration to its surrounding medium.

Movement of substances across a plasma membrane takes place from a region of _-concentration to a region where itsconcentration is _.A. high, lowB. low, highC. high, highD. none of these