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51.

State the objectives of secularism.

Answer»

Objectives of Secularism:

1. One religious group does not dominate another. 

2. Some members don’t dominate other members of the same religious community.

3. The state does not enforce any specific religion nor take away the religious freedom of individuals.

52.

What does secularism mean?

Answer»

1. Secularism means an attitude of tolerance towards other religions and peaceful co –

existence of citizens belonging to different faiths.

2. It is a policy of neutrality and equality by the states towards all religious communities

53.

Assertion (A): Secularism is invaluable in India. Reason (R): India is a multi – religious and multi – cultural country.(a) A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A.(b) A is correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.(c) A is wrong and R is correct.(d) Both are wrong.

Answer»

(a) A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

54.

Find out the wrong pair.(a) Din-i-Illahi – A book(b) Khajuraho – Hindu temple(c) Ashoka – Rock Edict (d) Iqbal – Poet

Answer»

(a) Din-i-Illahi – A book

55.

Right to freedom of religion is related to – (a) Judiciary (b) Parliament (c) Directive principles of State Policy (d) Fundamental rights

Answer»

(d) Fundamental rights

56.

In Article 26, which type of freedom is discussed?(a) religions instructions (b) moral education (c) freedom to manage religious affairs (d) freedom of secularism

Answer»

(c) freedom to manage religious affairs

57.

The first amendment to the American Constitution A) Prohibits the free exercise or establishment of the religion B) Opposing the religion C) TransparencyD) None

Answer»

(A) Prohibits the free exercise or establishment of the religion

58.

Re-read the introduction to this chapter. Why do you think retaliation is not the proper response to this problem? What would happen if different groups followed this path?

Answer»

I think retaliation in not the proper response to this problem because, it is not the solution. We are living in a secular country. We follow the principles of great personalities like Gandhiji, Buddha, Ambedkar etc. If this path of retaliation is followed – non-voilence would prevail everywhere and we can see unrest in the society.

59.

Read the paragraph under the heading ‘What is Secularism?’ and comment on it.

Answer»

1. Secularism refers to the separation of religion from the State. 

2. The Constitution of India mandates that the Indian State be Secular. 

3. So the government stays away from the religion. 

4. The Indian secularism works to prevent the domination of a religion through a strategy of non-interference. 

5. When time comes, the Indian State interferes in religious matters.

60.

What are the three main schools of thoughts in Buddhism?

Answer»

1. Theravada 

2. Mahayana 

3. Vajrayana

61.

In Indian secularism, though the state is not strictly separate from religion, it does maintain a distance vis-a-vis religion. A) Principled B) Rajyabaddha C) Samajabaddha D) None

Answer»

(A) Principled

62.

The Indian State both keeps away from religion as well as intervenes in religion. This idea can be quite confusing. Discuss this once again in class using examples from the chapter as well as those that you might have come up with.

Answer»

The Indian Constitution mandates that the Indian State be secular. This is according to the ideals of our Constitution, 

e.g :

1. The Constitution banned the ‘untouchability’. 

2. The Indian Muslim women are eligible for maintenance even though it is against Muslim Law. (Judgement was given by the Supreme Court in Shabano case) 

3. The government gives financial aid to religious educational institutions like Sisu Vidya Mandirs, RCM Schools and Urdu Schools etc. 

4. Similarly to ensure that laws relating to equal inheritance rights are respected. 

5. The government takes pearls and silk clothes to Ontimitta Ramalayam in Ekasilanagaram, Cuddapah on the celebration of Seetha Ramula Kalyanam. 

6. In the month of Ramzan the government gives permission to the Muslim employees to do Namaj and change their work timings. Thus our government is secular and interferes in the religious matters.

63.

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.In February 2004, France passed a law banning students from wearing any conspicuous religious or political signs or symbols such as the Islamic headscarf, the Jewish skullcap, or large Christian crosses. This law has encountered a lot of resistance from immigrants who are mainly from the former French colonies of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. In the 1960s, France had faced a shortage of workers and, therefore, had provided visas for these immi grants to come and work in the country. The daughters of these immigrants often wear headscaives while attending school. However, with the passing of this new law, they have been expelled from their schools for wearing headscatves.1. What was the law?2. Who opposed the law?3. When was the law passed?

Answer»

1. The law was to ban any conspicuous religious or political signs or symbols.

2. The immigrants of France opposed this.

3. In February, 2004.

64.

Can you think of a recent incident, from any part of India, in which the secular ideals of the Constitution were violated and persons were persecuted and killed because of their religious backgrounds?

Answer»

Not in recent past, but in 2002 Gujarat violence was a series of incidents starting with the Godra train burnings and the subsequent communal violence between Hindus and Muslims in the Indian state of Gujarat.

On 27.4.2002 the Sabarmathi Express train was attacked at Godra by a Muslim mob.

58 Hindu pilgrims returning from Ayodhya were killed in the attack. Out of them 25 were women, 15 were children. This in turn prompted retaliatory attacks against Muslims and general communal riots on a large scale across the state. 

Later it was known that it was a preplanned attack.

65.

The main objective of a Secular state as per the belief of India. A) One religious community should not dominate another. B) Some members of a religion do not dominate the other members of the same religious community. C) The state should not enforce any particular religion on individuals nor takes away the religious freedom of individuals. D) All the above

Answer»

(D) All the above

66.

The Indian Union A) Stays away from religion B) Stays near to the religion C) Gives any type of importance to the religion D) All the religion

Answer»

(A) Stays away from religion

67.

In what way is Indian secularism different from that of other democratic countries?

Answer»

The governments of other democratic countries will not interfere in the religions of its people. But the Indian government interferes in the religious matters. Thus it is different from other democratic countries.

68.

Choose the correct matching.   Group – A   Group – B1) Fundamental Rights   a) Civil laws2) Germany b) Pledge of Allegiance3) Suspension of Fundamental Rightsc) that have guarantees4) Equal inheritance rightsd) In emergency5) Under Gode) HitlerA) 1 – e, 2 – c, 3 – b, 4 – a, 5 – d B) 1 – c, 2 – d, 3 – b, 4 – a, 5 – e C) 1 – b, 2 – d, 3 – e, 4 – a, 5 – c D) 1 – c, 2 – e, 3 – d, 4 – a, 5 – b

Answer»

D) 1 – c, 2 – e, 3 – d, 4 – a, 5 – b

69.

India can be called Secular A) It neglects the fundamental rights B) The Constitution guarantees the fundamental rights C) Not giving religious freedom D) Suffers the individuals with religious issues

Answer»

(B) The Constitution guarantees the fundamental rights

70.

In keeping with this idea (secularism) of religious freedom for all, …….. also adopted a strategy of separating the power of religion and the power of the state.A) India B) Pakistan C) Saudi Arabia D) Afghanistan

Answer»

Answer is (A) India

71.

Separation of religion from the government is A) Nonreligious B) Religious C) Secular D) Non related to religion

Answer»

Answer is (C) Secular

72.

Separation of religion from the government. A) gives protection to the minorities B) opposes the domination of the majorities C) takes care in not violating the fundamental rights. D) All the above

Answer»

(D) All the above

73.

In America, the government school children begin their school day reciting the ………A) prayer B) poems C) pledge of Allegiance D) none of the above

Answer»

(C) pledge of Allegiance

74.

The Indian Constitution A) encourages the untouchability B) bans the untouchability C) ignores the untouchability D) none

Answer»

(B) bans the untouchability

75.

The Indian Constitution contains that protect us against State power as well as against the tyranny of the majority. A) directive principles B) civil laws C) criminal laws D) fundamental rights

Answer»

(D) fundamental rights

76.

The Indian Constitution gives …….. to religious community educational institutions. A) political rights B) financial aid C) moral support D) social rights

Answer»

(B) financial aid

77.

The Indian Constitution guarantees the A) People properties B) Directive principles C) Civil laws D) Fundamental rights

Answer»

(D) Fundamental rights

78.

This is one of the rights provided by the Indian Constitution A) encouraging violence B) establishing own schools, colleges by the religious institutions C) creating opportunities for robberies etc. D) encouraging the persons who are anti-social elements

Answer»

B) establishing own schools, colleges by the religious institutions

79.

The Indian Constitution is distancing itself from ……… A) religion B) people C) leaders D) parties

Answer»

Answer is (A) religion

80.

Find out some examples of different views within the same religion.

Answer»

Yes, there are 3 main schools of thoughts in Buddism.

1. Theravada 

2. Mahayana 

3. Vajrayana

1. Theravada: 

They believe in self enlightenment. 

2. Mahayana: 

In the course of enlightenment themselves, they vow to help other to the stage of enlightenment. 

3. Vajrayana: 

They believe that not only bring others to enlightenment but also have power to do that. Thus there are different views in same religion.

81.

Can there be different views within the same religion?

Answer»

Yes. There can be different views within the same religion. Many religions in the world have different views.

82.

State true or false:1. There is state religion in India 2. The term secularism has been derived from the Greek word. 3. The Mughal emperor Akbar followed the policy of religious toleration. 4. Jainism originated in China. 5. Government of India declares holidays for all religious festivals.

Answer»

1. False 

2. False

3. True 

4. False 

5. True

83.

Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer(i) Secularism is invaluable for a society like India which is characterized by religious diversity. (ii) The word secularism was not mentioned in the Constitution when it was adopted in 1950. (iii) Article 26 deals with payment of taxes for the promotion of any particular religion.(iv) Akbar’s tomb situated at Sikandara near Agra. (a) i, ii only (b) ii, iii only (c) iv only (d) i, ii and iv only

Answer»

(d) i, ii and iv only

84.

The flag is of …………A) the U.S.A. B) the U.K. C) the U.A.E. D) Canada

Answer»

(A) the U.S.A.

85.

In Saudi Arabia ………. are not allowed to build a temple or church. A) Non-Hindus B) Non-Christians C) Non-MuslD) Non-Jains

Answer»

(C) Non-Muslims

86.

Israel is a ……….. country. A) Muslim B) Jewish C) Christian D) Buddhist

Answer»

Answer is (B) Jewish

87.

The nation which does not interfere in the religion A) America B) India C) Saudi Arabia D) Pakistan

Answer»

Answer (A) America

88.

Indian state is a ……… state. A) Secular B) Religious C) Above two D) None of the above

Answer»

Answer is (A) Secular

89.

In Feb 2004 passed a law banning students from wearing any conspicuous religious or political signs or symbols such as Islamic headscarf, Jewish skullcaps, or large Christian crosses. A) India B) Pakistan C) Saudi Arabia D) France

Answer»

Answer is (D) France

90.

‘The Indian Constitution grants the right to religious communities to set up their own schools even though it is secular.’ Pick the correct comment. A) India is neither secular nor religious. B) The intervention of the state can also be in the form of support. C) Both A and B D) A only

Answer»

B) The intervention of the state can also be in the form of support.

91.

List the different types of religious practices that you find in your neighbourhood. This could be different forms of prayer, worship of different gods, sacred sites, different kinds of religious music and singing. Does this indicate freedom of religious practice?

Answer»
IssuesHindusChristiansMuslims
1) Different forms of prayerAshtottarams, Pujas, Abhishekas, HomasPrayersNamaj
2) Worship of different godsBrahma, Vishnu, Maheswara, Saraswathi, Lakshmi, Parvathi and others.Christ and Mary MathaAllah, Mohammad
3) Sacred sitesVaranasi, Haridwar – Madurai, Rameswaram, Allahabad etc.Israel and Nagapatnam in IndiaMecca Madina & Dargahs
4) Different kinds of religious musicKeertanalu, Tatwalu etc. Annamayya, ThyagayyaJesudas and othersPrayers only
5) SingingVengamamba, ‘Bala Murali Krishna’ etc.Melodious songs
Prayers only

These indicate freedom of religious practice.

92.

If any government gives official status to a religion it is a …………A) Secular state B) Non religious state C) Religious state D) Anti religious state

Answer»

(C) Religious state

93.

In this country, Non-Muslims are not permitted to construct temples and prayer halls. A) Saudi Arabia B) Japan C) Germany D) Kuwait

Answer»

(A) Saudi Arabia

94.

This country faced several shortages of labour in 1960s A) IndiaB) Pakistan C) Bangladesh D) France

Answer»

Answer is (D) France

95.

Read the first two paras and prepare two questions on this.The most important aspect of secularism is its separation of religion from State power. This is important for a country to function democratically. Almost all the countries of the world will have more than one religious group living in them. Within these religious groups, there will most likely be one group that is in a majority. If this majority religious group has access to State power, then it could quite easily use its power and financial resources to discriminate against and persecute the persons of other religions. This tyranny of the majority could result in the discrimination, coercion and at times, even the killing of religious minorities. The majority could quite easily prevent minorities from practising their religions. Any form of domination based on religion is in violation of the rights that a democratic society guarantees to each and every citizen, irrespective of their religion. Therefore, the tyranny of the majority and the violation of Fundamental Rights that can result from it is one reason why it is important to separate the State and religion in democratic societies. Another reason that it is important to separate religion from the State in democratic societies is because we also need to protect the freedom of individuals to exit from their religion, embrace another religion or have the freedom to interpret religious teachings differently.

Answer»

1. What is the most important aspect of secularism? 

2. Who were in majority in India?

96.

Secularism is necessary for a country like India. Justify.

Answer»

India is a secular country because:

1. The word secular has been included into the preamble to the constitution (through 42nd Amendment).

2. It has no state religion.

3. It remains neutral in religious matters.

4. Freedom to religion is offered to all citizens.

5. There is no discrimination on the basis of religion.

97.

In Feb, 2004 ……. passed a law banning any conspicuous religious or political signs or symbols. A) Germany B) France C) America D) Russia

Answer»

Answer is (B) France

98.

The nation of Jews. A) America B) Saudi Arabia C) Israel D) Palestina

Answer»

Answer is (C) Israel

99.

Jews were persecuted and killed in Germany by ……. A) Benitho Mussolini B) Adolf Hitler C) Winston Churchill D) All the above

Answer»

(B) Adolf Hitler