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Much of Indian agriculture depends on seasonal rainfall.

Water in a landscape may be compared to the eyes in a human face.

The substances which absorb moisture are magnesium chloride, solid sodium hydroxide, solid potassium hydroxide, anhydrous calcium chloride, calcium nitrate Ferric chloride and sodium nitrate.

Certain water-soluble substances, when exposed to the atmosphere at ordinary temperature, absorb moisture from the atmospheric air to become moist and ultimately dissolved in the absorbed water. Such substances are called deliquescent substances.

Concentrated sulfuric acid and calcium chloride monohydrate are examples for desiccants.

Certain hydrates lose water when exposed to air of moderate humidity are called substances.

Sodium sulfate, (Na,SO₄10H₂O) washing soda (Na₂CO₃H₂O).

Calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, sulfates and chlorides cause hardness in water.

Calcium carbonate does not cause hardness because it is insoluble in water.

a. calcium bicarbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride.

b. The hardness of water containing the chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium is not removed by boiling.

a. Hydrogen and oxygen

b. Hydrogen

c. Ratio of hydrogen and oxygen – 2 : 1

Water was first prepared in 1781 by an English scientist Henry Cavendish.

(i) →(a), (ii) →(b), (iii) →(c), (iv) →(d).

Ravi
(a) The snake charmer’s bustee, stables where horses are housed, and the piles of wood, all caught fire accidentally. (Hint: Another name for River Brahmputra)
(b) The conference manager put pad, material for reading and a pencil for each participant. (Hint: A distributary on the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta)
(c) Either jealousy or anger causes a person’s fall (Hint: Name of a juicy fruit!)
(d) Bhavani germinated the seeds in a pot (Hint: Look for her in West Africa)
(e) “I am a zonal champion now” declared the excited athlete. (Hint: The river that has the biggest basin in the world)
(f) The tiffin box rolled down and all the food fell in dusty potholes. (Hint: Rises in India and journeys through Pakistan)
(g) Malini leaned against the pole when she felt that she was going to faint. (Hint: Her delta in Egypt is famous)
(h) Samantha mesmerised everybody with her magic tricks. (Hint: London is situated on her estuaiy)
(i) “In this neighbourhood, please don’t yell! Owners of these houses like to have peace. Warned my father when we moved into our new flat”. (Hint: colour!)
(j) ‘Write the following words’, Marc! “On”, “go”, “in”……….. said the teacher to the little boy in KG Class. (Hint: Rhymes with ‘bongo’) Now make some more on your own and ask your classmates to spot the hidden name. You can do this with any name: that of a lake, mountains, trees, fruits, school items etc. TAns. eesta, (b) Padma, (c) Orange, (d) Niger, (e) Amazon, (f) Indus, (g) Nile,
(h) Thames, (i) yellow,(j) Conga.

Do yourself.

It is an artificial enclosure for keeping small house plants.

The finest particles, however, remain floating within the liquid in spite of their greater density and are carried to great distances. Such particles are, of course, extremely small, but their number is also great and very large amounts of solid matter can be transported in this way.

The colour of the water changes successively from the muddy red or brown of silt through varying shades of yellow and green finally to the blue of the deep sea.

Soil erosion can be checked using various preventive measures like the terracing of land, the construction of bunds (dams) to check the ‘ flow of water, the practice of contour (in curve) cultivation, and the planting of appropriate types of vegetation.

Water is the basis of all life. Every animal and every plant contains a substantial proportion of free or combined water in its body, and fluid is an essential part in all physiological activities. Moisture in the soil is equally necessary for the life and growth of plants and trees.

We hear much about programmes of rails and road construction, but far too little about the development of waterways in India.

Correct option is D) Medak

Correct option is D) Septic tank

Correct option is C) Bar screens

Correct option is B) Skimmer

Correct option is (b) trees

Correct option is (b) float

Correct option is (a) impure

Waste water from industries is more likely to contain poisonous substances.

1. Water 

2. Vapour 

3. Lakes 

4. H₂O 

5. Salt 

6. March 22nd 

7. Clouds 

8. 68.7 

9. Cubic feet per second (cusecs) 

10. Drip, Sprinkler

The importance of the Water is as follows : 

(a) Life processes — Water is used by all plants, animals & humans for carrying out various metabolic processes including photosynthesis by plants & excretion by animals & humans. 

(b) Household purposes — Water finds numerous applications, such as watering plants, washing clothes, cooking, bathing, cleaning etc. 

(c) Fire fighting — Water is used for extinguishing fires either directly or as a constituent in a fire extinguisher. 

(d) Transportation — Water serves as a habitat for marine life i.e. preferred place for an organism to live.

(a) Uses of Water in Industry : 

1. Water generates electricity in hydroelectric power stations. 

2. Water generates steam in boilers, used for various industrial purposes. 

3. Water finds application in chemical & other industries for cooling & cleaning operations. 

(b) Uses of Water in Agriculture : In agriculture water finds importance in irrigation, production of crops & as a medium for spraying pesticides.

The Occurrence of water in three different states are:

1. Solid state — As snow and frost. 

2. Liquid state — In sea water, river water and lake water. 

3. Gaseous state — As water vapour in air the amount depending on climatic conditions.

Three states of water are : 

1. Ice (solid) 

2. Liquid (water) 

3. Gaseous (steam)

Percentage of water in : 

(a) Rice — 3 % to 4% Wheat grain — 3% to 4% 

(b) Eggs —75% 

(c) Tomatoes — 95% 

(d) Bread —25% 

(e) Water melon — 97%

Three major impurities present in river water : 

1. Suspended impurities like clay and sand particles. 

2. Harmful bacteria. 

3. Mineral salts.

Level of ground water is called water table.

Spring water contains unsolved impurities which have entered the water from surrounding soil and soil impurities (salts) differ from place to place. Hence taste of water differs from place to place.

Spring water is free from suspended impurities and germs (harmful bacteria) as water has been filtered through different layers of soil and is fit for drinking. Spring water contains dissolved impurities which are due to the nature of soil surrounding the spring and cannot be used for laboratory purposes, where distilled water free from impurities is needed.

(d) release water vapour.

(a) tiny drops of water floating in air.

(d) ground water

(d) all of the above.

Hails: Hail is a form of solid precipitation of water.

Breeze: The wind blowing at a certain speed is called breezing.