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(a) Define angle of contact. Derive anexpression for the surface tension of a liquidby capillary tube method.

Answer»

Thecontact angleis theangle, conventionally measured through the liquid, where aliquid–vaporinterfacemeets asolidsurface. It quantifies thewettabilityof a solid surface by a liquid via the Young equation. A given system of solid, liquid, and vapor at a given temperature and pressure has a unique equilibrium contact angle. However, in practice a dynamic phenomenon ofcontact angle hysteresisis often observed, ranging from the advancing (maximal) contact angle to the receding (minimal) contact angle The equilibrium contact is within those values, and can becalculated from them.

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