1.

Calculate the number of particles in each of the following: (i) 46 g of Na atoms (number from mass) (ii) 8g O_(2) molecules (number of molecules from mass) (iii) 0.1 mole of carbon atoms (number from given moles)

Answer»

Solution :(i) The number of ATOMS = `("given mass")/("MOLAR mass") XX "Avogadro number"`
`implies N= (m)/(M) xx N_(0)`
`implies N= (46)/(23) xx 6.022 xx 10^(23)`
`implies N = 12.044 xx 10^(23)`
(II) The number of molecules= `("given mass")/("molar mass") xx "Avogadro number"`
`implies N= (m)/(M) xx N_(0)`
Atomic mass of oxygen = 16 u
`:.` molar mass of `O_(2)` molecules = `16 xx 2` = 32 g
`implies N=(8)/(32) xx 6.022 xx 10^(23)`
`implies N = 1.5055 xx 10^(23) ~~ 1.51 xx 10^(23)`
(iii) The number of particles (atom) = `"number of moles of particles" xx "Avogadro number"`
`N = n xx N_(0)`
`= 0.1 xx 6.022 xx 10^(23)`
`= 6.022 xx 10^(22)`


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