1.

Describe an activity to obtain magnetic field lines around current-carrying straight conductor.

Answer»

Solution :Activity to plotthe magneticfield lines produced by a currentcarrying wire (straight conductor) :
Figure : Circuitto study magnetic field lines around a straight current carrying wire .
1] Connect a plug KEY, a 12 V battery, a variable resistance (or a rheostat) , an ammeter (0-5 A) in series as shownin the figure .
2] Insert a thick copper wire through the centre of a rectangularcardboard. Ensure thatthe carbdoardremains in fixed POSITION and does not slide up or down.
3] Connect thetwo endsof the copper wire between points X and Y in the circuit .
4] Sprinkle some iron filingson the carbdoarduniformlyusing salt sprinkler.
5] Keep the rheostatin a fixed position and note down the value of current using ammeter.
6]Close the plug key and keep the copperwire vertical.
7] Gently tap the cardboarda few times and observe the pattern formed by the iron filings.
8] Move a compass needle on one of the lines in the patternand note down the direction of north poleof the needle.
9] Reverse the connection of thebattery so thatthe current flows in the oppositedirection and observe the change in the deflection of compass needle.
10] Keeping the compass needle at a fixed position, change the current using rheostatand observe the changesin deflection of the needle.
Figure : Pattern formed by iron filings show the magneticfield lines arounda straight current carryingwire.
Inference : The iron filings arrange themselves in the form of concentric circles aroundthe copper wire which represent themagnetic lines of FORCE. The direction of the north pole of the compass needle gives the direction ofthemagneticfield. We observe that this direction is reversed if the direction of current in the wire is reversed.


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