1.

Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France,

Answer»

Solution :There were some causes which led to the outbreak of revolutionary protest. They are as follows -
(i) Privileges based on birth: There were rich people in the society who received privileges by birth leading to resentment among common people.
(ii) The war with Britain for an independent America: Due to this war, there was a high debt on the French monarchy. For the repayment of those debts, many new taxes were imposed on the common people.
(iii) Concentration of power among the privileged: There was no equal division of power in the society. The third estate was dependent on the first and the SECOND estate for money.
(iv) Subsistence Crisis: There was a demand SUPPLY gap of bread due to the increasingpopulation and less production of grain.
(v) Growing middle Class: A new class emerged due to the INCREASE in overseas trade. This class was wealthy because of its ability to utilise opportunities and not because of birth right. As the people of the middle class were educated and believed in the idea of equal distribution of wealth they began raising their voice to END the privileges on the basis of right of birth. The above circumstances led to the outbreak of a revolution. There were also few thinkers during this PERIOD that by their books spread the idea of democracy and equality.


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