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Question : Answer question numbers (a) - (d) on the basis of your understanding of the following paragraphand the related studied concepts :The separation of the rightside and theleft side of the heart is useful to keep oxygenated and de-oxygenated blook from mixing. Suchseparation alllows a highly efficientsupply of oxygen to the body. Thisis useful in animalsthathave high energy needs, suchas birds and mammals, whichconstantly use energy to maintain their body temperature. In animals that do not use energy for thispurpose, the body temperaturedependson thetemperature in the environment . Suchanimals, likeamphibians or many reptiles have three- chambreredhearts, and tolerate somemixing of theoxygenated and de-oxygenated blood streams. Fishes, on the other hand, have only two chambers to theirhearts, and the blood is pumped to thegills, isoxygenated there, and passes directly to therest of the body.(a)What does the give diagram depict ?(b)In which type of organismswould you find this type of transportation ?(c)Explain why some animals like fishes have only two chambered heart ?(d)From this study what can you deduct aboutevolution ? |
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Answer» Solution :(a)The given diagram depicts TRANSPORTATION and exchange of respiratory geses i.e. `O_(2) and CO_(2)`from the heart to various body parts, includinglungs. (b)Thisis showing double circulation, which is seen in warm blooded animals. (c)Fishes have only twochambered heart wherethe oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood gets mixed up. It is thismixed blood which is transported throughthe body. This is known as single circulation. (d)From evolutionary point of view it showthatas animals evolved, they came to posses a pump forcirculatingtheriblood to different parts. Thispump likeorgan i.e., heartinitially could not SEGREGATE oxygenated and de-oxygenated bloodand hence such animals could notregulatetheirdody TEMPERATURE while it became 3 and then 4 chambered where theanimalscould regulatetheirbodytemperature, DUE tohigheravailability of energy. |
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