What is meant by thermal equilibrium ? What is meant by the expression

1.	What is meant by thermal equilibrium ? What is meant by the expression “two systems are in thermal equilibrium” ?
Answer» A system is in a state of thermal equilibrium if there is no transfer of heat (energy) between the various parts of the system or between the system and its surroundings. Two systems are said to be in thermal equilibrium when they are in thermodynamic states such that, if they are separated by a diathermic (heat conducting) wall, the combined system would be in thermal equilibrium, i.e., there would be no net transfer of heat (energy) between them. [Note : It is the energy in transfer that is called the heat.]

What is meant by thermal equilibrium ? What is meant by the expression “two systems are in thermal equilibrium” ?

Answer»

A system is in a state of thermal equilibrium if there is no transfer of heat (energy) between the various parts of the system or between the system and its surroundings.

Two systems are said to be in thermal equilibrium when they are in thermodynamic states such that, if they are separated by a diathermic (heat conducting) wall, the combined system would be in thermal equilibrium, i.e., there would be no net transfer of heat (energy) between them.

[Note : It is the energy in transfer that is called the heat.]

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