Answer» - Hub (layer 1 Device):
- Hubs, also known as repeaters, are network devices that operate on layer 1 (the physical layer) to connect network devices for communication.
- A hub is a BASIC and inexpensive networking device that connects a group of computers to a single network. When a hub receives a data packet (an Ethernet frame) at one of its ports, it broadcasts (repeats) the packet to all of its ports, which includes all other network devices. When two network devices on the same network try to send packets at the same time, a collision occurs.
- Hub is a network monitoring tool. They're also employed to give connectivity in businesses. It can be used to create a device that can be accessed from anywhere on the network.
- Switch (layer 2 Device):
- Switches are network devices that communicate at the OSI model's layer 2 (data link layer)
Switches are also known as intelligent hubs. A device in a network that FILTERS and forwards packets between LAN segments is a switch. Switches work at the data connection layer (layer 2) of the OSI Reference Model, as well as the network layer occasionally (layer 3). - It enables multiple connections of many devices in the same network, as well as port and VLAN security settings administration.
- Switch is often used to connect numerous nodes in local area networks. A switch, like a bridge, uses the same forwarding or filtering logic on each port. When a network host or switch sends a message to another network host or switch, the switch receives the frames and decodes them to read the message's physical (MAC) address component. A switch divides a LAN into numerous collision zones, each with its own broadband connection, allowing the LAN's bandwidth to be significantly increased.
- Router (Layer 3 Device):
- Routers are network devices that operate at the OSI Layer 3 level of communication. Because layer-3 protocols have access to logical addresses( IP addresses), routers can send data across networks . Routers are sometimes known as Layer-3 switches.
- Router is a data packet forwarding network device. A router connects at least two networks, TYPICALLY two LANs or WANs, or a LAN and its ISPs network and determines how to send each data packet based on its current network status. Its main goal is to use adaptive and non-adaptive routing to connect multiple types of networks at the same time. The router is connected to at least two networks.
- It controls traffic by routing data packets to the correct IP addresses and it determines the most efficient ROUTE for SENDING packets.
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