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351.

Question : What is the name of the process of formation of new individual in amoeba ?

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SOLUTION :BINARY FISSION.
Discussion
352.

Question : What is the name given to the segments of DNA, which are responsible for the inheritance of a particular character?

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SOLUTION :GENES are the segments of DNA, which are RESPONSIBLE for the inheritance of a particular character.
Discussion
353.

Question : What is the name given for an association of two species where one is benefited and other remains unaffected or unharmed?

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Parasitism
SYMBIOSIS
COMMENSALISM
PREDATION

ANSWER :C
Discussion
354.

Question : What is the modern term given to the factor of Mendel ?

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Solution :Gene is the FACTOR of MENDEL. It is chemically a SEGMENT of DNA.
Discussion
355.

Question : What is the mode of nutrition in Plasmodium ?

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SOLUTION :PLASMODIUM EXHIBITS parasitic MODE of nutrition.
Discussion
356.

Question : What is the mode of nutrition in fungi ?

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parasitic
holozoic
saprophitic
autotrophic

Answer :C
Discussion
357.

Question : What is the minimum speed of wind required by a windmill to maintain the necessary speed of turbine in electric generator ?

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SOLUTION :More than `15 km//h`
Discussion
358.

Question : What is the misuse of prenatal sex determination ?

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Solution :Parents terminate the pregnancy after KNOWING the sex of their unborn child, usually a DAUGHTER. This is ILLEGAL and unethical to carry out PRENATAL sex determination for aborting female foetus.
Discussion
359.

Question : What is umblical cord?How does it form?

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Solution :A memberane called allontois, which ORIGINATES from the DIGESTIVE CANAL of the embryo forming the major part of a tube like STRUCTURE called umbilical CORD.
Discussion
360.

Question : What is the meaning of vegetative propagation?

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Solution :VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION means production of new plants from the roots, stem or leaves of parental plant without TAKING help of any reproductive organs.
Discussion
361.

Question : What is the meaning of similarities and differences ?

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Solution :A child or offspring bears all basic features of its PARENTS. These common basic features are referred to as SIMILARITIES.
However, due to small inaccuaracies in DNA copying, child/offspring does not look exactly like its parents. POPULATION of any species show variations either in small SCALE or large scale which are called differences.
Discussion
362.

Question : What is the meaning of regeneration? Name two animals which can regenerate from of asexual their body parts.

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SOLUTION :Meaning of regeneration : A small cut part of the body can regenerate to form a COMPLETE NEW organism. e.g., Hydra and Planaria.
Discussion
363.

Question : What is the meaning of "Jivo Jivasya Jivanam"?

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Solution :(i) Jivo Jivasya Jivanam means that living things are interconnected to each other.
(ii) One life on earth is food for ANOTHERS.
(iii) Producers produce food which is used by primary consumers.
(iv) They are food for secondary consumers and so on.
(v) If any LINK in the food chain is disturbed, the entire food chain is affected.
Discussion
364.

Question : What is the meaning of gestation period ?

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Solution :The TIME from fertilization to BIRTH , i.e, the TOTAL period of embryonic development, is GESTATION period.
Discussion
365.

Question : What is the meaning of characteristics ?

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Solution :CHARACTERISTICS are the details of APPEARANCE or BEHAVIOUR of an organism SHOWING a particular form or a particular FUNCTION.
Discussion
366.

Question : What is the major events during photosynthesis.

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Solution :In four chanmbered heart, left half is completely separated from right half by septa. It serves following two PURPOSES
(a) ensures complete segregation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood (i.e., no mixing).
(b) allows a highly efficient supply of oxygenated blood to all PARTS of the body.
This is useful in they warm blooded animals (like mammals and birds) which have HIGH energy NEED , because they CONSTANTLY require energy to maintain their body temperature.
Discussion
367.

Question : What is the main reason for evolution according to Darwin?

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Solution :ACCORDING to DARWIN, evolution TOOK place DUE to natural SELECTION.
Discussion
368.

Question : What is the main function of kidneys in humans?

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Solution :Kidneys excrete water and DISSOLVE METABOLIC WASTES, e.g., urea and other dissolved solids like uric ACID, creatinine and inorganic SALTS.
Discussion
369.

Question : What is the main difference between sperms and eggs of humans? Write the importance of this difference.

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Solution :Difference between SPERMS and eggs of humans : The major genetic difference LIES in the difference in SEX chromosome of SPERM (male gamete) and egg (female gamete). Sperm has Y chromosome as sex chromosome, while egg has X chromosome as sex chromosome.
Importance of the difference :
The difference in the sperm and egg CELLS maintains the continuity of the species generation after generation by the process of reproduction.
Discussion
370.

Question : What is the main difference between sperms and eggs of human ? Write the importance of this difference.

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Solution : Main difference between sperm and EGG is that all eggs are of one type, bearing X chromosome while sperms are of two TYPES, 50% having X chromosome while other 50% having Y chromosome. This is important when X CARRYING sperm fertilises egg, it results in female ZYGOTE whereas when Y carrying sperm fertilises egg, it results in male zygote.
Discussion
371.

Question : What is the main cause of the contamination of the river Ganga ?

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Solution :LARGELY untreated sewage is DUMPED into the RIVER GANGA which is the main CAUSE for contamination.
Discussion
372.

Question : What is theinnermostportion of a mature plant cell wall called ?

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PRIMARY CELL wall
secondary cell wall
lamella
TONOPLAST

Solution :N/A
Discussion
373.

Question : What is the importance of rainwater harvesting?

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Solution :The importance of rain water harvesting is as follows:
(a) overcome the RAPID depletion of ground water levels.
(b) To meet the increased demand of water.
(c) REDUCES flood and SOIL erosion.
(d) Water stored in ground is not CONTAMINATED by human and animal wastes and hence can be USED for drinking purpose.
Discussion
374.

Question : What is the importance of variations ?

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Solution :IMPORTANCE of variations :
1. They enable the organism to adapt themselves to changing environment.
2. They form RAW MATERIAL for EVOLUTION and DEVELOPMENT of new species.
Discussion
375.

Question : Whatis the importanceof valuesin theheart ?

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SOLUTION :The valves are the muscular flaps, that regulate the flow of BLOOD in a SINGLE DIRECTION and prevent back flow of blood.
Discussion
376.

Question : What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

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Solution :The GENETIC INFORMATION has to be passed on to OFFSPRINGS hence DNA copying is essential.
Discussion
377.

Question : What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction ?

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Solution :DNA copying is CALLED DNA replication. In this process one COPY each of replicated DNA will be passed on two daughter cells. Each cell formed will have its own cellular apparatus to control the activities of daughter cells.
It maintains the body DESIGNS and features in different GENERATIONS of the SPECIES.
3. Variations may be introduced during copying of DNA. This inbuilt tendency for variation during reproduction form the basis of evolution.
Discussion
378.

Question :What is the hormone responsible for the secretion of milk in female after child birth?

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Solution :Prolactin, STIMULATES the PRODUCTION of MILK after child birth. OXYTOCIN helps milk ejection from the mammary GLAND after child birth.
Discussion
379.

Question : What is the function of testis in man ?

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Solution :FUNCTIONS of testis :
1. Produce male GAMETES, called sperms.
2. Leydig.s cells secrete male sex HORMONE NAMELY TESTOSTERONE into blood.
Discussion
380.

Question : What is the function of receptors in our body ? Think of a situation where receptors do not work properly what problems are likely to arise.

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Solution :FUNCTION of receptors : They sense the external stimuli such as heat or PAIN
They also trigger an impulse in the sensory NEURON which sends message to the spinal cord.
When the receptors are damaged the external stimuli transferring signal to the brain are not FELT. For example in the case of damaged receptors if we accidentally touch any hot objects we cannot feel the pain or heat. Receptors cannot procive the external stimuli of heat and pain
Discussion
381.

Question : What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

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Solution :Receptors are specialised called tissues, organ game and nerve ending which are able to pick up specific stimuli e.g gustatory receptors help in detecting taste and olfactory receptors help in SENSING smell receptors provide sensory input about external and internal environment. Without them an animal will not be able to observe HANDLE and taste FOOD. it will not beaware of an approaching enemy. The animal may not be able to correct its positions and will fall down repeatedly. Therefore animal will not be able to PERFORM the normal activities connected with the DEFECTIVE receptors.
Discussion
382.

Question : What is the function of pollen grains in flowers?

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SOLUTION :POLLEN grains are the male gametes which fertilise the egg CELL PRESENT in the ovule.
Discussion
383.

Question : What is the function of ovary in human beings ?

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Solution :It produces ESTROGEN hormone, CONTROLS DEVELOPMENT of FEMALE SEX organs and ovulation.
Discussion
384.

Question : What is the function of mid brain ?

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Solution :MID BRAIN CONTROLS MANY involuntary ACTIONS.
Discussion
385.

Question : What is the function of Meningeal membranes in the brain?

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Solution :MENINGEAL membranes protect the BRAIN from MECHANICAL INJURY.
Discussion
386.

Question : What is the function of heart valves ?

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SOLUTION :PREVENTION of BACKFLOW of BLOOD
Discussion
387.

Question : What is the function of digestive enzymes?

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Solution :Digestive ENZYMES CONVERT the large and insoluble food molecules into small water soluble molecules in the process of digestion. For example, pancreas secretes enzymes like amylase, trypsin and lipase. The enzyme amylase breaks down the starch, trypsin breaks down the PROTEINS and lipase breaks down the emulsified fats into simple sugars, AMINO acids and fatty acids, respectively.
Discussion
388.

Question : What is the function of digestive enzymes ?

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SOLUTION :Enzymes break-down the various complex molecules of food into simple, SOLUBLE absorbableinorganicmolecules withoutactually participating in the REACTION. So THEYARE alsocalled as biocatalysis .
Discussion
389.

Question : What is the function of a gene?

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SOLUTION :GENE is the carrier of the GENETIC INFORMATION from one generation to the NEXT.
Discussion
390.

Question : What is the estimated length of DNA molecule in Escherichia coli?

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`100 Å`
100 MM
1 mm
`10,000 Å`

ANSWER :C
Discussion
391.

Question : Whatis theenzyme presentinacrosomeofsperm ?

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Solution :HYALURONIDASE is the enzyme, present in acrosome of sperm, which HELPS the sperm to ENTER the OVUM during FERTILIZATION.
Discussion
392.

Question : What is the effect of DNA copying, which is not perfectly accurate, on the reproduction process? How does the amount of DNA remain constant though each new generation is a combination of DNA copies of two individuals?

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Solution :Reproduction RESULTS in the production of offspring similar to parents in body design and form. The exact blue prints of body design is inherited in the offspring due to DNA replication/DNA copying. The imperfect DNA copying results in genetic variations that can be both useful or harmful for the offspring. The useful variations gets SELECTED in nature and helps organism to survive in the changing environment while harmful variation gets eliminated.
If each NEW generation is to be the combination of the DNA copies from two pre-existing individuals, then each new generation will end up having TWICE the amount of DNA that the previous generation had. In sexual reproduction, the gametes usually contain half NUMBER of chromosomes and same numbers present in the body cells. These haploid gametes when fuse produce a new cell with double number of chromosomes than the gametes and same as the body cells. In this way organisms restrict doubling of DNA and maintain the chromosome number.
Discussion
393.

Question : What is the effect of DNA copying which is not perfectly accurate on the reproduction process ?

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SOLUTION :DNA copying cannot be perfectly accurate ALWAYS. This LEADS to ACCUMULATION of variation, which results in evolution.
Discussion
394.

Question : What is the effect of DNA copying which is not perfectly accurate in the reproduction process?

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Solution :The DNA copying which is not perfectly ACCURATE in the REPRODUCTION PROCESS results in variations in populations for better SURVIVAL of the species.
Discussion
395.

Question : What is the duration of pregnancy in human female ?

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SOLUTION :280 days about 40 weeks (Nine months).
Discussion
396.

Question : What is the difference between the manner in which the movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs-?

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Solution :Sensitive PLANT, in response to TOUCH, shows quick MOVEMENT of leaves which fold up and droop. On the other hand, movement in legs is voluntary ACTION which is controlled by CEREBELLUM part of hind brain.
Discussion
397.

Question : What is the difference between reflex action and walking ?

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Solution :REFLEX ACTION is involuntary and CONTROLLED by spinal CORD WHEREAS walking is voluntary and controlled by brain.
Discussion
398.

Question : What is the difference between F_(1) generation and F_(2) generation?

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Solution :DIFFERENCE between `F_(1)` GENERATION and `F_(2)` generation.
Discussion
399.

Question : What is the difference between food chain and food web?

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
400.

Question : What is the difference between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

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SOLUTION :
Discussion