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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 8451. |
Question : What are the nutritive values of fishes? |
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Answer» Solution : Economic importance of fish Fishes form a rich SOURCE of protein food and provide a good staple food to tide over the nutritional needs of man. Fish species such as sardines, mackerel, tuna, HERRINGS have high amino acids concentration particularly histidine which is responsible for the meaty flavor of the flesh. It is rich in fat such as omega 3 FATTY acids. Minerals such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, manganese, IODINE and copper. Some of the fish by-products are: Fish oil is the most important fish by-product. It is derived from fish liver and from the fish body. Fish liver oil is derived from the liver which is rich in vitamin A and D, whereas fish body oil has high content of iodine, not suitable for human consumption, but is used in the manufacture of laundry soaps, paints and cosmetics. Fish meal is prepared from fish waste after extracting oil from the fish. The dried wastes are used to prepare food for PIG, poultry and cattle. The wastes obtained during the preparation of fish meal are widely used as manure. Isinglass is a high-grade collagen produced from dried air bladder or swim bladder of certain fishes viz. catfish and carps. The processed bladder which is dissolved in hot water forms a gelatin having adhesive property. It is primarily used for clarification of wine, beer and vinegar. |
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| 8452. |
Question : What are the native and exotic duck breeds. |
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Answer» SOLUTION :NATIVE Breeds - Indian Runner, Syhlet meta. EXOTIC Breeds - Muscori, Pekin, Aylesbury, Campbell. |
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| 8453. |
Question : What are the modes of nutrition in fungi ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :SAPROPHYTES, PARASITES, Symbionts-Lichens and MYCORRHIZA. | |
| 8454. |
Question : What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly? |
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Answer» Solution :BIRDS have undergone many structural adaptations to suit their aerial LIFE Some of these adaptations are as follows. (i) streamlined body for rapid and smooth movement (ii) covering of feathers for INSULATION. (iii) Forelimbs modified into wings and HIND limbs USED for walking, perching and swimming. (iv) Presence of pneumatic bones to reduce weight. (v) Presence of additional air sacs to supplement respiration. |
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| 8455. |
Question : What are the methods of aquaponic gardening? |
Answer» Solution : (i) Deep water CULTURE is otherwise known as raft based METHOD. In this method a raft floats in water. Plants are kept in the holes of raft and the roots float in water. This method is applicable for larger commercial scale system. By this method fast growing plants are cultivated. (ii) Media based method involves growing plants in inert planting media like clay PELLETS or shales. This method is applicable for home and hobby scale system. Larger number of fruiting plants, leafy green plants, herbs and other varieties of plants can be cultivated. (iii) Nutrient Film technique involves the passage of nutrient rich water through a narrow trough or PVC pipe. Plants are kept in the holes of the pipe to allow the roots to be in free contact with in the water stream. (iv) Aqua vertica is otherwise known as vertical aquaponics. Plants are stacked on the top of each other in TOWER systems. Water flows in through the top of the tower. This method is SUITABLE for growing leafy greens, strawberries and other crops that do not need supporting solid substratum to grow. 
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| 8456. |
Question : Name the method employed in animal breeding. According to you which of the methods is best?why? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :Methods of Animal breeding There are two methods of animal breeding, namely inbreeding and outbreeding 1. Inbreeding: Breeding between animals of the same breed for 4-6 generations is called inbreeding. Inbreeding increases homozygosity and exposes the harmful recessive genes. Continuous inbreeding reduces fertility and even productivity, resulting in "inbreeding depression". This can be avoided by breeding selected animals of the breeding population and they should be MATED with superior animals of the same breed but unrelated to the breeding population. It helps to restore fertility and yield. 2. Outbreeding:The breeding between unrelated animals is called outbreeding. Individuals produced do not have common ancestors for 4-6 generations. Outbreeding helps to produce NEW and favourable traits, to produce hybrids with superior qualities and helps to create new BREEDS. New and favourable genes can be introduced into a population through outbreeding. |
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| 8457. |
Question : What are the meristematic region in the plants ? |
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| 8458. |
Question : What are the major requirements be Chemiosmosis to occurs ? |
| Answer» Solution :(i) A PROTON pump (ü) A proton gradient (iii) ATP SYNTHETASE (IV) A membrane | |
| 8459. |
Question : What are the major conditions for PS-I functioning ? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Wavelength of light should be HIGHER than 680 nm. (ii) When NADPH ACCUMULATES and `CO_2` FIXATION is retarded. |
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| 8460. |
Question : What are the main steps in the digestion of proteins as the food passes through stomach? |
| Answer» Solution :Enzymes hydrolysing proteins are called proteases or peptidases. Proteins are digested in STOMACH as WELL as small intestine (by pancreatic and intestinal juice). Digestion in stomach by gastric juice Pepsin. It ACTS on proteins and FORMS PEPTONES. Also hydrolyses soluble casein, a milk protein, into paracasein and whey protein. | |
| 8461. |
Question : What are the main steps in aerobic respiration ? Where does it take place ? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :There are 3 MAIN phases of aerobic RESPIRATION. (2) Glycolysis `to`In cytoplasm of the cell (2) Krebs. cycle `to` In matrix of MITOCHONDRIA (3) OXIDATIVE phosphorylation `to`In inner membrane of mitochondria (In cristaemembrane) |
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| 8462. |
Question : What are the main duties of a worker bee ? |
| Answer» Solution :Each worker has to perform DIFFERENT types of work in her life time. During the first half of her life, she becomes a nurse bee attending to INDOOR duties such as secretion of royal jelly, prepares beebread to feed the larvae, feeds the QUEEN, takes care of the queen and drones, secretes bees wax, builds combs, cleans and fans the bee hive. Then she becomes a soldier and guards the bee hive. In the second half her life lasting for three weeks, she searches and gathers the POLLEN, NECTAR, propolis and water. | |
| 8463. |
Question : What are the lobes of adenohypophysis? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :PARS distalis, Pars INTERMEDIA and Pars tuberalis. | |
| 8464. |
Question : What are the limitations of Aristotle's classification? |
| Answer» Solution :Many organisms were not fitting into his classification. Frogs have lungs and they are amphibians while their larva, tadpole is AQUATIC and respires through gills. It is difficult to classify frogs according to his method. All flying organisms such as birds, bats, flying INSECTS were grouped together. OSTRICH, emu and PENGUIN are flightless birds and hence they cannot be CLASSIFIED by his method. | |
| 8465. |
Question : What are the layers of the diffusion membrane of the alveolus? |
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Answer» Solution :The DIFFUSION membrane of the alveolus is themade up of three layers. They are: i. The thin squamous epithelial cells of the ALVEOLI. The ENDOTHELIUM of the alveolar CAPILLARIES and iii. The basement substance FOUND in between them. |
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| 8466. |
Question : What are the internal parasites of earthworms? |
| Answer» SOLUTION : Protozoans, some NEMATODES and the larvae of certain FLIES. | |
| 8467. |
Question : What are the important events and end products of the light reaction ? |
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Answer» Solution :Important events of light reaction : (i)CHLOROPHYLL GETS excited and releases a pari of electrons with the use of whose energy ADP + Pi combines and ATP is formed. This process is known as photo - phosphorylation. (ii) Spliting of water molecule. (a) `2H_(2)O RARR 4H^(+) + 4e^(-) + O_(2)`. `NADP + 2H^(+) rarr NADPH_(2)` The final products of light reaction are NADPH and ATP. The use of ATP and `NADPH_(2)` is done in DARK reaction. `O_(2)`is produced by decomposition of water. |
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| 8468. |
Question : What are the important events and end products of the light reactions? |
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Answer» Solution :The important EVENTS of light reaction are (i) Exciation of chlorophyll molecule to emit a pair of electrons and use of theirenergy in the formation of ATP from ADP+Pi. This process is called photosphosphorylation. (ii) SPLITTING of water molecules (a) `2H_(2)O to 4H^(+)+4e^(-)+O_(2) uarr` (B) `NADP+2H^(+) to NADPH_(2)` End products of light reaction are NADPH and ATP. Reducing power is produced in the light reaction i.e., ATP and `NADPH_(2)` molecules which are USED up in dark reaction. `O_(2)` is evolved as a by product the splitting of water. |
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| 8469. |
Question : What are the important events and end products of light reaction? |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Synthesis of assimilatory POWER (ATP and NADPH). (II) Release of oxygen by PHOTOLYSIS of water.For details refer text of this chapter. |
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| 8470. |
Question :What are the improved mulberry varieties? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :VICTORY 1, S36, G2 and G4 | |
| 8471. |
Question : What are the important characteristics of living organisms? |
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Answer» Solution :The important characteristics of living organisms are : GROWTH [increase in mass] Reproduce [Produce offsprings] CAPABLE of metabolise [biochenical REACTIONS occur inside the body.] RESPOND to environmental STIMULI. Ability to self organise This features can be consider as important characteristics. |
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| 8472. |
Question : What are the hormones of heart, kidney and G.I.tract ? What are their functions ? |
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Answer» Solution :Hormones are also secreted by some TISSUES which are not endocrine glands. Heart : The atrial wall of our heart secretesa vary impotant peptide hormone called atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), which decreases blood pressure. When blood pressure is increased, ANF is secreted which causes dilation of the blood vessels. This reduces the blood pressure. Kidney : The juxtraglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone celled erythropoietin which stimulates erythropoiesis (formation of RBG). GI Tract : Endocrine cells are also present in different parts of the Gastrointential Tract (GI Tract). Gastro-intestinal tract SECRETE four mojor peptide hormones, namely secretin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastric inhibitory peoptide (GIP). Gastrin : Stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCI) and pepsinogen. Secretin : Acts on the exocrine pancreas and stimulates secretion of `H_(2)O` and BICARBONATE ions. CCK : Acts on pancreas and GALL bladder and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bile JUICE. GIP : Inhibits gastric secretion and motility. Several other non - endocrine tissues secrete hormones called growth factors. These factors are essential for the normal growth of tissues and their repairing /regeneration. |
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| 8473. |
Question : What is the other name of neurohypophysis ? |
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Answer» Solution : (i) Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH): ADH is a peptide hormone which PROMOTES reabsorption of water and electrolytes by distal tubules of nephron and thereby reduces loss of water through urine. HENCE it is called as anti diuretic hormone. It ALSO causes constriction of blood vessels when released in large amount and increases blood pressure. ADH deficiency causes Diabetes insipidus which induces the PRODUCTION of large amount of urine. (ii) Oxytocin (means quick birth): It is a peptide hormone which stimulates vigorous contraction of the smooth muscles of uterus during child birth and ejection of MILK from the mammary glands. |
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| 8474. |
Question : What are the hormones responsible for maintaining blood glucose level? |
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Answer» Solution :Insulin and glucogon are the hormones secreted by Islets of langerhans of pancreas. Insulin: Insulin is a peptide hormone and plays an important role in glucose homeostasis. It's main effect is to lower blood glucose LEVELS by increasing the uptake of glucose into the body cells, especially muscle and fat cells. Insulin ALSO INHIBITS the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, the conversion of amino acids or fats to glucose, so insulin is rightly called a hypoglycemic hormone. Glucagon: Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone. It is a potent hyperglycaemic hormone that acts on the liver and promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose (Glycogenolysis), synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and from non-carbohydrate molecules (gluconeogenesis). Releases glucose from the liver cells, increasing the blood glucose levels. Since glucagon reduces the cellular uptake and utilisation of glucose it is called a hyperglycemic hormone. Prolonged hyperglycemia LEADS to the disorder called diabetes mellitus. |
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| 8475. |
Question :What are the heart sounds? When and how are these sounds produced? |
| Answer» Solution :Rhythmic contraction and expansion of heart is called heart beat. The contraction of the heart is called systole and the relaxation of the heart is called DIASTOLE. The heart normally beats 70-72 times per minute in a human adult. During each cardiac CYCLE two sounds are produced that can be heard through a stethoscope. The first heart sound (lub) is associated with the closure of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves WHEREAS second heart sound (DUB) is associated with the closure of the semilunar valves. These sounds are of clinical diagnostic SIGNIFICANCE. An increased heart rate is called tachycardia and decreased heart rate is called bradycardia. | |
| 8476. |
Question :What are the groups of cattle? |
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Answer» Solution :i. Dairy breeds or Milch breeds: They are high milk yielders with extended lactation. Eg., Sindhi, Gir, Sahiwal, Jersy, BROWN Swiss, Holstein cattle. ii. Draught purpose breeds: Bullocks are good for draught purpose. Eg. Kangayam, Malvi. ii. DUAL Purpose breeds: Cows are meant for yielding more milk and bullocks are used for better DROUGHT purpose Eg. Ongole, HARIANA. |
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| 8477. |
Question : List the functions of the respiratory system |
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Answer» Solution :The FIVE primary functions of the respiratory system are- (i) To exchange `O_(2)` and `CO_(2)` between the atmosphere and the blood . (ii) To MAINTAIN homeostatic regulation of body pH . (iii) To protect us from inhaled PATHOGENS and pollutants . (iv) To maintain the vocal CORDS for normal communication (vocalization) . (v) To REMOVE the heat produced during cellular respiration through breathing . |
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| 8478. |
Question : What are the functions of the basement membrane whichis found between epithelium and connective tissue? |
| Answer» Solution :Basement membrane PROVIDES physical support for epithelium, provides for cell attachment, serves as a FILTER in the kidneys, and guides cell migration duringdevelopment and TISSUE repair. | |
| 8479. |
Question : Enumerate the functions of tapetum. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :A REFLECTIVE layer of tissue CALLED tapetum lucidum, enhances night time VISION in most of the ANIMLAS like cat. | |
| 8480. |
Question : Write the functions of skeletal system. |
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Answer» Solution :1. Support -It forms a rigid framework and supports the WEIGHT of the body against gravity. 2. Shape - It PROVIDES and MAINTAINS the shape of the body. 3. Protection - It protects the delicate internal organs of the body. 4. Acts as reservoir - It stores minerals such as calcium and phosphate. Fat (Triglyceride) is stored in yellow bone marrow and respresents a source of stored energy for the body. 5. Locomotion - It acts as lever along with the muscles attached to it. 6. Strength - It can withstand heavy weight and absorbs mechanical shock. 7. As a haemopoietic tissue - Red and WHITE blood cells are produced in the bone marrow of the ribs, spongy bones of vertebrae and extremities of long bones. |
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| 8481. |
Question : What are the functions of neuroglia ? |
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Answer» Solution :They PROVIDE nourishment to the surrounding neurons. They involve in the memory PROCESS. They repair the injured tissue due to their dividing and REGENERATING capacity. They engulf the foreign particles at the time of any INJURY to the brain. |
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| 8482. |
Question : What are the functions of liver? |
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Answer» Solution :Liver is the LARGEST gland in HUMANS. It helps in the following functions: (i) Secretes bile juice that helps in digestion of food by PROVIDING alkaline medium and also emulsifies fats. (ii) It regulates the blood sugar level by the process of glycogenesis or glycogenolysis. (III) It forms bile pigments LIKE bilirubin and biliverdin from haemoglobin of dead RBCs so helps in excretion. |
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| 8483. |
Question :What are the functions of hypothalamus? |
| Answer» Solution :Hypothalamus MAINTAINS homeostasis, BLOOD pressure, body temperature, cardio and FLUID electrolyte balance of the body. It influences various EMOTIONAL responses | |
| 8484. |
Question : What are the functions of glucagon? |
| Answer» Solution :Glucagon is a POLYPEPTIDE hormone. It is a potent hyperglycaemic hormone that acts on the liver and promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose (Glycogenolysis), synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and from non-carbohydrate molecules (gluconeogenesis). Releases glucose from the liver cells, increasing the blood glucose LEVELS. SINCE glucagon reduces the cellular uptake and utilisation of glucose it is called a hyperglycemic hormone. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to the disorder called DIABETES MELLITUS. | |
| 8485. |
Question : Mention the funtions of frontal and temporal lobes of the Brain. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The FRONTAL LOBE governs the Behaviour, Intelligence, Memory and MOVEMENT. | |
| 8486. |
Question : What are the functions of follicle stimulation hormone? |
| Answer» Solution :Follicle STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH): FSH is a glycoprotein hormone which regulates the functions of the gonads (ovary and testis). In males, FSH ALONG with androgens acts on the germinal epithelium of seminiferous tubules and stimulates the production and release of SPERMS (spermatogenesis). In females, FSH acts on the ovaries and brings about the development and maturation of GRAFFIAN follicles. | |
| 8487. |
Question : What are the functions of desmosomes and gap junctionsin cardiac muscle cells? |
| Answer» Solution :Desmosomes hold cells tightly together while GAP JUNCTIONS allow ions and SMALL MOLECULES to flow from the cytosol of one CELL to the cytosol of another withoutcrossing the sarcolemma. | |
| 8488. |
Question : What are the function of rods and cones ? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :The daylight (photopic) vision and colour vision are FUNCTIONS of CONES and the twilight vision is the function of the the RODS. | |
| 8489. |
Question : What are the four characteristies common to most animals? |
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Answer» SOLUTION :The characteristics common to most ANIMALS are the ARRANGEMENT of cell layers, (i) The levels of organization. (ii) Nature of coelom. (iii) The presence or absence of segmentation and notochord. (iv) Organization of the organ SYSTEM. |
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| 8490. |
Question : What are the following things ? Where do you find them in theanimal body ? (i) Osteocytes , (ii) Haemoglobin , (iii) Canaliculi , (iv) Brush-borderedcolumnar epithelium , (v) Singleunit smooth muscle , (vi) Lacunae. |
| Answer» SOLUTION :(i) Osteocytes , (ii) Haemoglobin , (iii) Canaliculi , (iv) Brush - BORDERED COLUMNAR epithelium , (v) Singleunit SMOOTH MUSCLE , (vi) Lacunae. | |
| 8491. |
Question : What are the forces that maintain the continuity of water column during ascent of sap? |
| Answer» Solution :Transpiration pull, COHESIVE FORCES AMONG the water MOLECULES, and ADHESIVE force between the water column and the walls of xylem vessels. | |
| 8492. |
Question : What are the following and where do you find them in animal body. (C) Ciliated epithelium : |
| Answer» SOLUTION :CILIA are LOCATED on the FREE surface of columnar EPITHELIUM | |
| 8493. |
Question : What are the following and where do you find them in animal body. (B)Axons : |
| Answer» Solution :Long THREAD LIKE part of a nerve CELL is called axon. | |
| 8494. |
Question : What are the following and where do you find them in animal body. (a) Chondrocytes |
| Answer» Solution :Cartilage CELLS located in matrix of cartilage TISSUE. | |
| 8495. |
Question :What are the following and where do you find them inanimal body? (a) Chondriocytes (b) Axons (c) Ciliated epithelium |
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Answer» Solution :(a) Chondriocytes. The cells of cartilage are called chondriocytes. Cartilage is present in the tip of nose, outer ear joints, between adjacent bones of the VERTEBRAL column, LIMBS and hands in adults. (b) Axons. Axon is one longer process that arises from the cell body of the neuron. (c) Ciliated epithelium. Ciliated epithelium lines mostof the respiratory TRACT, uterus and uterine TUBES. |
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| 8496. |
Question : What are the features of class Aves which help them in flying? |
| Answer» SOLUTION :Wings, bones long and hollow with AIR cavities, air SACS connected to LUNGS to supplement respiration. | |
| 8497. |
Question : What are the features of systematics? |
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Answer» Solution :• Identifying, describing, naming, arranging, PRESERVING and documenting the organisms. • INVESTIGATING evolutionary history of the SPECIES, their adaptations to the environment and the INTERRELATIONSHIP among species. |
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| 8498. |
Question :What are the fauna and flora cultured and cultivated in aquaponics? |
| Answer» Solution :CULTIVABLE fishes like TILAPIA, TROUT, koi, gold fish, bass etc., are cultured in aquaponics. Common cultivable PLANTS like tomato, pepper, lettuce, cucumber, and rose are co-cultivated in this method. | |
| 8499. |
Question : What are the factors controlling cell division ? |
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Answer» Solution :1. CELL size : Cells CAPABLE of DIVISION growth attain a particular size and then undergo division. 2. karyoplasmic ratio : Rise in cell volume disturbs karyoplasmic ratio. It stimulates the cell to divide. 3. Mitogens: Mitogens are agents, FACTORS or substances that trigger cell division. |
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| 8500. |
Question : On what the rate of diffusion depend ? |
| Answer» Solution :Diffusion rate is AFFECTED by the gradient of concentration, the PERMEABILITY of the MEMBRANE separating them, TEMPERATURE and PRESSURE. | |