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The advantages are:-1.Thelungsalways contain aresidual volume of airso thatduring breathing cyclethere is sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for the carbon dioxide to be released.

2.Residual volumeis important because it prevents thelungsfrom collapsing.

husk of coconut is made up of sclerenchyma

a. Schlerenchymab. Collenchymac. Parenchyma.

husk of coconut is made up of schlerenchyma and another schlerenchyma , collenchyma and parenchyma

Inner lining of cheeks have compound stratified squamous epithelium.

Ans :- Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. Sociologists investigate the structure of groups, organizations, and societies, and how people interact within these contexts.

Sociologyis the scientificstudyof the development, structure, and processes of human society. It uses systematic methods to examine and explain the social world by careful and objective analysis of human behavior. .

The importance and, just like other disciplines in social sciences, can be seen in the field of knowledge and profession career.

Sociology is the scientific study of the development, structure, and processes of human society. It uses systematic methods to examine and explain the social world by careful and objective analysis of human behavior. Sociologists focus on the actions, beliefs, values, norms, organizations, institutions, and other social forces that characterize a society and shape people's lives. To study all of these factors, sociologists use a variety of theoretical perspectives and scientific methods including surveys, interviews, and observation.

By carefully collecting and analyzing this information, sociologists produce explanations of how our social world works and how it influences our personal lives. This has turned sociology into a useful tool for solving social problems such as crime, discrimination, poverty, and inequality. Sociological research often helps business and labor officials, community organizations, educators, policymakers, public and private administrators, and the general citizenry to understand and solve issues that confront society on local, national, and international levels.

sociology is the study of development, structure, and processes if human society.

Sociology is the scientific study of the development, structure, and processes of human society. It uses systematic methods to examine and explain the social world by careful and objective analysis of human behavior. Sociologists focus on the actions, beliefs, values, norms, organizations, institutions, and other social forces that characterize a society and shape people's lives. To study all of these factors, sociologists use a variety of theoretical perspectives and scientific methods including surveys, interviews, and observation.

By carefully collecting and analyzing this information, sociologists produce explanations of how our social world works and how it influences our personal lives. This has turned sociology into a useful tool for solving social problems such as crime, discrimination, poverty, and inequality. Sociological research often helps business and labor officials, community organizations, educators, policymakers, public and private administrators, and the general citizenry to understand and solve issues that confront society on local, national, and international levels.

Students who study sociology are generally interested in human behavior, the human condition, and social justice. They want to know more about the cultural dynamics, institutions, norms, organizations, roles, structures, values, and other social forces that define societies. They are curious about how societies work—and importantly, why they often do not.

Paleontology or palaeontologyis the scientific study of life that existed prior to the start of the Holocene Epoch . It includes the study of fossils to determine organisms' evolution and interactions with each other and their environments. Paleontological observations have been documented as far back as the 5th century BC. Paleontology lies on the border between biology and geology, but differs from archaeology in that it excludes the study of anatomically modern humans. It now uses techniques drawn from a wide range of sciences, including biochemistry, mathematics, and engineering. Use of all these techniques has enabled paleontologists to discover much of the evolutionary history of life, almost all the way back to when Earth became capable of supporting life, about 3.8 billion years ago.

DNA is polymer of (which is the ultimate unit of DNA molecule ): (a) Nucleotide

(c) Amino acids is the ultimate unit of DNA molecule

dna is a polymer of nucleoside

will be the right answer c

Nucleotide is monomer of DNA

In developmentalbiology, cellulardifferentiation is the process where a cell changes from one cell type to another.

Differentiationoccurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types.

44 metoic divisions because only two divisions of 88

HereA=3B=17C=19 are the integers

hope this will help you like my answer

here A=3,B=17,C=19 are the integers

A=3,B=17,C=19 ARE THE INTEGERS

Ans :- Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. As of 2015 worldwide, more than half of all new electricity capacity installed was renewable.

Someexamples of renewable energysources are solarenergy, windenergy, hydropower, geothermalenergy, and biomassenergy. These types ofenergysources are different from fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.

PLEASE LIKE THE ANSWER

OPTION B is correct.

Fossils are the remains or traces of ancient life that have been preserved by natural processes, from spectacular skeletons to tiny sea shells. Imprints, tracks and trails can also become fossilised, like dinosaur footprints or worm burrows. These are called trace fossils.Some animals and plant are only known tousasfossils. By studying thefossilrecord we cantellhow long life has existed on Earth, and how different plants and animals are related to each other. Often we can work out how and wheretheylived, and use this information to find out about ancient environments.

Aside from cattle, many kindsoflivestockprovidemilkused by humansfordairyproducts. Theseanimalsinclude water buffalo, goat, sheep, camel, donkey, horse, reindeer and yak.

Goat,sheep,cow,bull....and many more

Epithelial TissueThe skin proper is composed of two layers:

Epidermis

Dermis

Epidermis

The epidermis is the outer layer of the skin, which is formed by stratified squamous epithelium layers, which are arranged in horizontal layers.The epidermis contains keratin, which makes it tough. The epidermis is made up of three sub-layers, which are:

Outermost cornified layer (stratum corneum)Granular layerMalpighian layer

Dermisit lies below epidermis and is thicker than epidermia

Three layers

animalssuch as chordates produce a thirdlayer(the mesoderm), first two layers are ectoderm and endoderm between these twolayers. making themtriploblastic.

Diploblastic animals, Cnidaria and Ctenophora, show an increase in complexity, having twogerm layers, the endoderm and ectoderm.

Diploblastic animalsare organized into recognisabletissues.

line to line voltage is given heresoaccording to law we will check it for voltage levelas it will not extend from 240 as its a limitso cos phie= 100/20 = 50and as 180°-120°/2= 30so 50<30°

Here Xl= Xcso w= 1/2π√lcafter putting valueswe will getas in resonanceL= 0.01 H

HereXl= XcW= 1/2π✓l/cso after puttin valuesL= 0.01 H

Humans have been 'employing' microorganisms for centuries and today Biotechnology is a fast- developing industry to use the microorganisms for human welfare whether it is food industries, beverages or medicines.

Biotechnology is the use of plants, animals andmicroorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to produce medicines, vaccines and to develop disease testing techniques. The biotechnological technique called DNA profiling plays a very important role in forensic science and identification. DNA profiling is the process of testing to identify DNA patterns or types. Sometimes it is also referred to as genetic fingerprinting. Important role of microorganisms in medicine are production of

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are natural substances that can be used to fight bacterial infections. They are produced and secreted naturally by bacteria and fungi. Different biotechnological techniques are used to produce antibiotics in pure forms and large quantities so they can be used for treating bacterial infections. Antibiotics do not affect viruses. The search for antibiotics began in the late 19th Century when it was accepted that some diseases are caused by tiny organisms. The first antibiotic-producing organism was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929 - apparently by accident. The antibiotic-producing mould 'contaminated' and killed some bacterial cultures that were part of another scientific experiment. Penicillin kills bacteria by preventing the formation of their cellular walls. Pre-existing cells are unaffected, but all newly-produced cells grow abnormally and are very fragile and easily destroyed in a process called osmotic lysis.

The success of penicillin led to the search for other antibiotic-producing microorganisms, especially from soil environments. Today, several hundreds of antibiotics have been isolated from different microorganisms but only a few of them are clinically useful. The reason for this is that only compounds with selective toxicity can be used clinically. Selective toxicity means that an antibiotic will destroy only some organisms. Clinically useful antibiotics must be effective against pathogens but have minimal toxicity to humans and human beneficial micro flora. In practice, this is expressed in terms of the therapeutic index - the ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose. The larger the index, the better its therapeutic value is.

Many of the antibiotic-resistant genes of some pathogenic bacteria are carried on their plasmids - circular DNA strands containing non-essential genetic information. This genetic information can be exchanged in a process called conjugation.

Vaccine

Pathogenic microorganisms like bacteria and viruses, can make people sick by destroying body cells or by releasing harmful toxins that destroy body cells. When these same pathogens are 'served' to humans in the form of a vaccine, they can help the body to develop immunity against them. A vaccine is a mixture of dead or weakened pathogens used to induce the formation of antibodies against this pathogen. Vaccines work by triggering the body's immune response without making it sick. In cases where disease is caused by toxins produced by pathogens, the vaccine contains its weakened toxin. A vaccine is introduced to the body either by injection or within a small drink.

According to the type of pathogens used in the mixture, all vaccines are divided into four main groups:

Live vaccines are made from live but 'disabled' pathogens. This type of vaccine produces long-term immunity.Inactivated vaccines are made of dead pathogenic organisms. Inactivated vaccines produce short-term immunity.Toxoids are made of toxic substances produced by pathogenic organisms.A sub-units mixture is not made of whole pathogenic organisms, but their fragments. The process of vaccine distribution is calledvaccination.

Microorganisms have already proved that they could be powerful medicines with the use of latest technology like how insulin for diabetes once acquired with great difficulties from the pancreas of pigs can now be produced in large quantity by fungi in fermenters. Modern genetic research can be determine which gene or gene packet codes the substances that can fight a particular disease.

Medicines are being made by killing microorganisms

A generic drug is a pharmaceutical drug that has the same chemical substance as the drug that was originally developed, patented and innovated. Generic drugs are allowed for sale after the expiry of the patent of the original drugs.

1)-c) Xylem2)-e) Autotrophs3)-a) Heterotrophs4)-b) Guard cells5)-d) Green pigment

1-c 2-e3-a4-b5-dthis is the answer

Single-celled organisms are in constant contact with their environments, obtaining nutrients and oxygen directly across the cell surface. The same holds true for small and simple plants and animals, such as algae, bryophytes, sponges, cnidarians, and flatworms. Larger and more complex plants and animals require methods for transporting materials to and from cells far removed from the external environment. These organisms have evolved transport systems.

single celled organisms are in constant contact with their environments ,obtaining the substances like nutrients and the oxygen directly across the cell surface. The same holds true for the small and some plants and animals ,such as algae,neophytes,sponges,Christians and the flatworms .The larger and more complex plants and the animals require methods for transporting materials to and from cells far removed from the external environment .These organisms have evolved-transport systems

you should have basic knowledge of DNA chromosome nervous systemnerveand all the basic things related to control and coordination

Theendocrinesystemisa network ofglandsthat secrete chemicals called hormones to help yourbodyfunction properly. ...Exocrine glands, such as sweat and salivaryglands, secrete externally and internally via ducts.Endocrine glandssecrete hormones internally, using the bloodstream.

pituitary gland is also known as master gland

The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system, because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is no larger than a pea, and is located at the base of the brain.Pituitary gland directs every other hormonal secretion.Therefore it is called the master gland.But hypothalamushelps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion. So basically the hypothalamus controls the adjacent "master gland: (pituitary) which influences hormone release by other glands.

The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of theendocrine systembecause it controls the functions of many of the otherendocrine glands. The pituitary gland is no larger than a pea, and is located at the base of the brain.

thanks

unicellular

A centripetal force is a force that makes a body follow a curved path. Its direction is always orthogonal to the motion of the body and towards the fixed point of the instantaneous center of curvature of the path.

ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule (a process called phosphorylation). This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release ofenergyfrom ATP to cellular activities that requireenergy.

Synthesizing bigger muscle fibre is an example of CHEMICAL work

a is the right answer

(c) is the right onebecause the reaction time of the fibre can vary in different muscles.

Its answer will be (b) 100% sure

Muscle fatigueand lactic acidaccumulation. Lactic acid is formed andaccumulatedin themuscleunder conditions of high energy demand, rapid fluctuations of the energy requirement and insufficient supply of O2.

b) is absolutely right answer........

b is the correct answer

Oxygen serves as both reactant in photosynthesis and product in cellular respiration.

Adenosine Triphosphate supplies energy for cellular activities by breaking bonds. ATP has 3 phosphate bonds and the energy stored in these bonds so whenever one of the bond breaks energy is released to the cell. then ATP converts to ADP which is adenosine diphosphate. cellular respiration uses ATP to produce more ATP.

Difference Between Breathing and Respiration

Breathingis the biophysical process which involves the inhaling and exhaling of air through lungs, whereasrespirationis the biochemical process which involves in generating the energy by breaking down the glucose which is further used by cells in various function.

Breathing is distinct from respiration in many ways, though both are essential for living organisms. As discussed above the mechanism of breathing is associated with the respiratory organs like the nose, lungs, etc., while respiration takes place in each cell of the body.

All living beings have one thing in common, which is ‘cell‘, of course, these can be unicellular or multicellular, prokaryotes or eukaryotes. But these cells are only the building blocks and are responsible for carrying out all the internal function properly. Along with the cells, enzymes, catalyst, and other factors also play a crucial role in various processes of the body.

With the way to highlighting the points on which the two terms ‘breathing and respiration’ differs, we will also focus on their mechanism.

Content: Breathing Vs Respiration

Comparison Chart

Definition

Key Differences

Conclusion

please like my answer

breathing - Inhale. of oxygen and exhale of carbon dioxide through alvevolur membrane

cellular respiration -glucose or other food gets oxidized to produce energy in the form of ATO

distinct features of the cell are "cell organelles"

distinct features of the cell are "cell organelles"

1.plant cell has large vaacuoles than animal cell

plant cell has cell wall which is harder than animal cell

plant cell have chloroplast

PLANT CELL1. Cell wall is present outside of the plasma membrane.2. Generally regular in shape.3. Large in size than animal cell.4. Plastics are present.5. A permanent and large vacuole is present.6. Many simple units of golgi apparatus called dictyosome are present.

base will be 2+2+2+2=8height will be 1+1.6+1.6+1.8=6hence using Pythagoras theoremab^2=8^2+6^=64+36=100hence AB=10

the source of Xa-21 gene in rice is O. Sativa

1) Blood: Blood has three main functions: transport, protection and regulation. Blood transports the following substances: Gases, namely oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the lungs and rest of the body. Nutrients from the digestive tract and storage sites to the rest of the body.

2) Xylem: Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other. The basic function of xylem is to transport water from roots to shoots and leaves, but it also transports some nutrients.

In all the plants transportation of water is done by xylem while translocation is done by phloem

The main components of the transport system in human beings are the heart,blood, andblood vessels. Heart pumps oxygenatedbloodthroughout thebody. It receives deoxygenatedbloodfrom the variousbody partsand sends this impurebloodto thelungsfor oxygenation.

yes it's true for eg : when a leaf fall on soil it's decomposes due to the action of decomposers and it turns in fertilizer which is an abiotic component

yes its true the same question I was having too

yes it is truefor eg .when a leaf fall on soil it's decomposes

yes an animal is died we have cover the body with soil and it becomes a fertilizer

I know you don't know

55+60=? /1303 - 2017 %3d1003100 =

The statement mentioned here is true because when a certain organic substance dies and gets degraded ,it converts into certain nutrients like carbon, hydrogen ,Oxygen and other elements, which nothing but the abiotic components.

K = °C + 273K = 27 + 273K = 300300 K

For Kelvin to Celsius,the formula isTemperature on k scale=Temperature on Celsius scale+273°=>300°=Temp. on C scale+273°=>Temp. on c scale=300°-273°=>Temp. on c scale=27°

To convert Celsius to Kelvin (or vica versa ) use the formulae :K=C+273Which gives,573=C+273573-273=C ......(transposing 273 to LHS)C=300Thus , 573 k =300oC