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Oncefoodisthawedin the refrigerator, it is safe torefreezeit without cooking, although there may be a loss of quality due to the moisture lost throughthawing. After cooking rawfoodswhich were previously frozen, it is safe to freeze the cookedfoods.so,take out only the required quantity

Reproductionis an important characteristic feature of living organisms. It is anessential life processwhich not only helps in survival but also helps in continuity of that race and group immortality, as byreproduction. ...Reproductionalso helps in increasing the population of the species.

Sexual reproduction is considered to be a better mode of reproduction because it creates a hybrid that has more vigor than the parents. It also leads to variations that enable organisms to adapt to the changing or prevailing environment. Variations are introduced during meiosis in sexual reproduction, which is an important tool for evolution. It adds survival value to particular species.

where are the salivary glands

salivary glands are present in the buccal cavity .

leaves - bryophyllumstem - rose plant

Vegetative reproduction is any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure. Many plants naturally reproduce this way, but it can also be induced artificially.

Artificial propagation of plants include these four main processes:

Grafting:This process involves joining the shoot system of a plant (known as scion) to the root system of another plant (known as the stock). The two are joined where the sizes (diameter) of the scion and stock are very close. They are both cut diagonally and placed facing each other. They are then taped and left to heal with time.

Cutting:Plants such as roses and sugarcane can be cut at the points of nodes and internodes. These points are then placed in moist soils. After some time, adventitious roots develop at the points and new plants begin to grow.Thee are many types of cutting techniques, grouped into three categories: Stem, leaf and root cutting. Stem cuttings include hardwood, semi-hardwood, and softwood cutting. Leaf-cutting include leaf blade cutting, leaf vein cutting, leaf bud cutting and leaf edge cutting. The third category is root cutting.

Layering:In some plants like raspberries, the stem can be bent and buried in the soils around the plant. After some time, adventitious roots develop off the stem. This part of the stem is known as the layer. The stem can then develop into a new plant.

Tissue Culture:In this modern technique, tissue scrapped from the parent plant is placed in a special growing medium and under certain conditions. The tissue is nourished from the nutrients in the medium until new plants are produced. Orchids, Chrysanthemum and Asparagus are examples of plants cultivated with tissue culture.

It is called graftingGrafting or graftage is a horticultural technique whereby tissues of plants are joined so as to continue their growth together. The upper part of the combined plant is called the scion while the lower part is called the rootstock

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grafting technique ............option =b

Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenatedblood inmammals and birds? Ans. It is necessaryinmammals and birdstoseparate oxygenatedand de-oxygenatedblood because this makes their circulatory system is more efficient and helps in maintaining constant body temperature.

In highly organized plants, vascular tissues (Xylem and Phloem) are the main components of transportation system. In general, xylem carries the waterandmineralsfrom roots to the aerialpartsof the plants, whereas phloem carries food from leaves to otherpartsof the plants.

that is mitochondria

Chloroplast is the site of photo synthesis

chloroplast is the correct answer of the given

chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis

chloroplast is the site other photo synthesis

chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis

chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis

the site of photosynthesis is mesophyll cell

in leaves cells like grana,tylokoids,and chloroplast, chromoplast etc

Chloroplast is the actual site of photosynthesis

In plants and algae, which developed much later,photosynthesis occursin a specialized intracellular organelle—the chloroplast.Chloroplastsperformphotosynthesisduring the daylight hours

Sexual reproduction in flowering plantsinvolves the production of male and female gametes, the transfer of the male gametes to the female ovules in a process called pollination. ... The ovary, which produced the female gametophyte(s), then grows into a fruit, which surrounds the seed(s).

pollination is the answer.

Hormones that controlling function of the human reproductive system through chemical coordination isTestosteroneandprogesterone.Progesteroneis secreted by females that regulate inner lining of theuterus andtestosteroneis mainly the malesex hormonecontrolling the libido.

The major events in post-fertilisation of a flower include development of endosperm and embryo, maturation of ovules into seeds and ovary into fruit.

Ans :- Chemical coordination takes place in animalswith the help of hormones.Hormone is thechemical messenger that regulates the physiological processes in living organisms. It is secreted by glands. The regulation of physiological processes, and control andcoordinationby hormones comes under the endocrine system.

Nutrition in amoeba through pseudopodia

Fungi obtain nutrients in three different ways: They decompose dead organic matter. A saprotroph is an organism that obtains its nutrients from non-living organic matter (usually decaying plant or animal matter) by absorbing soluble organic compounds.

fungi are heterotrophic

Parameciafeed on microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts. To gather food, theParameciummakes movements with cilia to sweep prey organisms, along with some water, through the oral groove, and inside the mouth opening. The food passes through the cell mouth into the gullet.

ans is both a and ba. Critical decrease in surface volume and kernplasma ratio lead to induction of cell division. The decrease in surface volume may lead to limiting nutrient uptake thus affecting cell growth thus cell starts division. Cell functions are regulated by nucleus and Nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio is nearly constantin normal cell and it decreaseresults in the induction of cell division.

1 dendrites 2 axon3 synapse

Archaebacteria are oldest living fossil.

option (1) is correct.

option (c) is the incorrect match.

Leucoplastsare colorless plastids. found in endosperm, tubers, roots and other non-photosynthetic tissues of plants. They serve variousfunctions, for example, storage of starch, lipids, or proteins.

10. Paper can be recycled

Yes transformation of energy does take placeAs you are putting you mechanical energy in the form of potential energy to the rack.

There are several consequences of deforestation:

Changes in Soil:

loss of nutrients in the soil that are derived from breakdown of tree leaves

increased soil erosion by wind and rain

increased flooding due to a lack of water absorption by trees

decreased ability to support other plants due to nutrient loss

Loss of Biodiversity:

Animals and plants that are unable to grow outside of a forest environment face extinction.

Climate Change:

increased greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) present in the air when trees are not available to absorb them

increased carbon in the air from the burning of trees

decreased cooling of land from water evaporation in forests

Impacts on Humans:

decreased availability of wood for cooking and heating

increased natural disasters such as mudslides

The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in which locations.

Many water bodies near urban areas (cities and towns) are highly polluted. This is the result of both garbage dumped by individuals and dangerous chemicals legally or illegally dumped by manufacturing industries, health centers, schools and market places.

✓Death of aquatic (water) animalsThe main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills organisms that depend on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in theirhabitat(living environment).

✓Disruption of food-chainsPollution disrupts the naturalfood chainas well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels.

✓DiseasesEventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor drinking water treatment from contaminated waters.

✓Destruction of ecosystemsEcosystems(the interaction of living things in a place, depending on each other for life) can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans in many ways.

The five reasons for water pollution in India are as follow(i)Industries Industries discharge various chemicals and hazardous waste into water sources such as lakes, ponds and canals without treating them.(ii)Agriculture Modem agricultural practices use chemicals in form of fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides which flow into rivers or seep into groundwater.(iii) Households Man uses water for drinking, preparation of food, bathing for cleaning the house, etc. Most of the used water is drained out through municipal drains and poured into a river or’lake.(iv)Offshore drilling and oil spills Exploring for oil and gas under the seabed, involves some risks to the marine environment. The consequences of oil spills is of great environment concern.(v)Nuclear wastes Nuclear power plants, nuclear weapon testing, laboratories where isotopes are used are sources of nuclear waste which can pollute the entire water sources of a region.

Bio fertilizers, u can also say manure is more beneficial than fertilizers because1 manures enhances the water holding capacity of soil.2 it increases the number of friendly microbes in soil.3 it adds humus to the soil.4 it is cheap compared to the fertilizers.5 it does not cause water pollution. excessive use of chemical fertilizers greatly increases crop growth but sometimes the yield get effected moreover when fertilizers get washed off through irrigation and rainfall, they reach water bodies like lake pond river which cause water pollution and kills many aquatic animals.

Short-term memoryhas a fairly limited capacity; it can hold about seven items for no more than 20 or 30 seconds at a time. ... Unlike sensory andshort-term memory, which are limited and decay rapidly,long-term memorycan store unlimited amounts of information indefinitely

Memory is the faculty of the brain by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed. Memory is vital to experiences, it is the retention of information over time for the purpose of influencing future action

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potential resources Resources whose entire quantity may not be known and are not being used at present ex uranium in ladakh

actual resourcesresources whose quantity is known and are being used at present ex coal deposits in Germany

ubiquitous resourcesresources that are found everywhere like the air we breathe is called ubiquitous

localised resources those which are found only in certain places or localised resources like copper

potential which quantity is unknown and may be used in future like thunderlighting andactual mean the rescorce is know

ubiquitous the resources found everywhere and localised mean the resources found in certain places

potential = resource there are certain resource which are not being presently used and not much is known about them are potential resource =and actual resource natural resource whose location quantity quality and utility are known for the actual resource

ubiquitous resource the resource which are found everywhere are called ubiquitous resource and the source material and energy resource which are found only in certain Place these are called localised resource

potential which quantity is unknown and may be used in future like thunderlighting andactual mean the resource is know

The pathogen is Puccinia rust fungus

A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. There are three main classes of parasites that can cause disease in humans: protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites.

Terrestrial ecosystemAquatic ecosystem

Ans :- 1.Green house :Agreenhouse(also called a glasshouse) is a structure with walls and roof made mainly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown.

2.Terrariums:also called glass garden, wardian case or vivarium, enclosure withglass sides, and sometimes a glass top, arranged for keeping plants or terrestrial or semi-terrestrial animals indoors.

Effects of ozone layer depletion.

1)Skin Cancer: exposure to UV rays from sun canleadto increased risk for developing of several types ofskin cancers.

2)Malignant melanoma, basal and squamous cell carcinoma are the most commoncancerscaused by exposure to UV rays.EyeDamage:

3)UV rays are harmful for oureyestoo

Ozone Depletion. When chlorine and bromine atoms come into contact withozonein the stratosphere, they destroyozonemolecules. One chlorine atom can destroy over 100,000ozonemolecules before it is removed from the stratosphere.Ozonecan be destroyed more quickly than it is naturally created.

ozone layer is getting depleted because of pollution in industrial effluents that come in the atmosphere in pollutes

Suggs is the only one in india to have an open record

Ozone layer protects us from Sun's harmful Ultra Violet radiations.The depletion of ozone causes the harmful Ultra Violet rays to reach the earth and this has resulted in increased incidence of skin cancers in humans.

Use ING automobile natural resources like petrol desiel etc

Ozone layer depletion, is simply the wearing out (reduction) of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. Unlike pollution, which has many types and causes, Ozone depletion has been pinned down to one major human activity.

Ozone depletion describes two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere, and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone around Earth's polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole

Stratosphericozoneisformednaturally by chemical reactions involving solar ultraviolet radiation (sunlight) and oxygen molecules, which make up 21% of the atmosphere. In the first step, solar ultraviolet radiation breaks apart one oxygen molecule (O2) to produce two oxygen atoms (2 O)

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Ozone depletion refers to the decline of ozone gas in the Earth's atmosphere.This decline of ozone gas means large amounts of ultraviolet B radiation reaches the Earth's surface.Ozone gas is a highly reactive gas that sits high up in the Earth's atmosphere. It shields the Earth's surface from dangerous ultraviolet B radiation that comes from the sun. Many attribute the depletion of ozone gas to high amounts of pollution that break down gas molecules. Ultraviolet B radiation has been linked to skin cancer in humans and has many other negative effects to different organisms, making the depletion of the ozone layer a pressing environmental and public health issue.