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Apis mellifera ligustica is the Italian bee which is a subspecies of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera).

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The answer is-Prokaryotic cells have single strands of DNA, and eukaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes.

The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have long tangled strands of DNA packed in thenucleus, and prokaryotic do not have nucleus andtheir DNA is short stranded. Since DNA strand are very long in eukaryotic cells, they are organised in chromosomes. The number of chromosomes is different for each species, and 23 chromosomes are characteristic for humans.

prokaryotic cells are characterised by1-absence of nuclear membrane2-diffused genetic material in cytoplasm3-peptidoglycane cell wall4-70s ribosomes

Prokaryotic cell is a unicellular organism lacking membrane-bound organelles.The characteristics of prokaryotic cells are as follows:(i) Most of them are unicellular.(ii) They are generally small in size. The size of a prokaryotic cell varies from 0.5 – 5 µm.(iii) The nuclear region of a prokaryotic cell is poorly-defined because of the absence of a nuclear membrane. Hence, a prokaryotic cell lacks a true nucleus.(iv) The genetic materials of prokaryotic cells are naked. They contain single, circular chromosomes. In addition to the genomic DNA, they have a small, circular plasmid DNA.(v) They have specialised membranous structures called mesosomes. Mesosomes are formed by the invagination of the cell membrane. These extensions help in the synthesis of the cell wall, replication of DNA. They also help in the equal distribution of chromosomes into the daughter cells.(vi) Membrane-bound cell organelles such as mitochondria, plastids, and endoplasmic reticulum are absent from a prokaryotic cell.(vii) Most prokaryotic cells contain a three-layered structure – outermost glycocalyx, middle cell wall, and the innermost plasma membrane. This structure acts as a protective unit.Examples of prokaryotic cells include blue green algae, bacteria, etc.

Characteristics

1)Occurrence: It is found in freshwater ponds, pools, ditches, streams, rivers, lakes, etc. It is abundantly found in stagnant water, where decaying organic matter is in plenty.

2)Locomotion: It moves here and there with the help of cilia, which also functions as food capture.

3)Nutrition: It ingests bacteria and other microscopic organisms or minute protozoans. So nutrition is holozoic.

4)Digestion: intracellular.

5)Respiration and excretion: takes place by general body surface through diffusion process.In paramecium, excretion is also done contractile vacuole and cytoproct.

6)Reproduction: Asexually by transverse binary fission and sexually by conjugation

ii. Paramecium

Paramecium:The primary locomotory organ is cilia which is covers the whole body of paramecium.They also have flagella as its secondarylocomotaryorgan. Euglena: They have flagella and they move by beating up the flagella. Chlamydomonas :A flagellum is a long, whip-like projection of a cell made up of microtubules.

ii.paramecium is the locomotary organ of flagellum

Eukaryotic Cell is in Which There is a specific nuclear membrane. Ex. Amoeba,WBC etc

eukaryot cell has definite nucleus. it has all the cell orgenneles

The eukaryotic cell is the cell with indefinite nucleur membrane

Eukaryotic cell in which there is a specific nuclear membrane like amoeba WBC

Eukaryotic Cell is in Which There is a specific nuclear membrane. Ex. Amoeba,WBC etc

eukaryotic cell has definite nucleus membrane. amoeba etc.

* Eukaryotics cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.* Well defined nucleus, surrounded by a nuclear membrane.* Multi chromosomes are present.* Membrane bound cell organelles are present.

eukarryotic in which nucleus i s present .all cell organelles are enclosed by membranes .e.g. all higher plants and animals

A synovial joint is a connection between two bones consisting of a cartilage lined cavity filled with fluid, which is known as adiarthrosisjoint. Diarthrosis joints are the most flexible type of joint between bones, because the bones are not physically connected and can move more freely in relation to each other. Insynarthrosisandamphiarthrosisconnections between bones, the bones are directly connected with fibroustissueor cartilage, limiting their ultimate range of motion.

option a.

Homozygousmeans that both copies of a gene or locus match whileheterozygousmeans thatthecopies do not match. Two dominant alleles (AA) or two recessive alleles (aa) arehomozygous. One dominant allele and one recessive allele (Aa) isheterozygous.

Differences between monocots and dicots are as follows:Monocots:1.The seed contains one cotyledon.2.Contains fibrous root system.3.e.g. MaizeDicots:1.The seed contains two cotyledons.2.Contains tap root system.3.e.g. Pea

monocot mean single seed dicot mean two seed

Stems and roots of plants are made up of different types of tissues. These tissues form different layers in the composition of stems and roots. Plant anatomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants.

1)Monocots and dicots are both types of Angiosperms, or plants that produce flowers.2) Monocots and dicots are both fertilized by pollen and grow from a seed. Both groups use their leaves to photosynthesize and both carry nutrients 3)from the ground through roots and along the vascular systems within their stems. However, the patterns and numbers of these features differ slightly between monocots and dicots, allowing the two subdivisions to be distinguished.

A flower can be defined as the reproductive unit of any flowering plant (angiosperms). Flowers carry out sexual reproduction in angiosperms. A typical flower is a modified stem with a condensed axis. A flower has four different parts i.e., the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. Androecium and gynoecium represent the male and female reproductive organs of a flower (respectively). Bisexual flowers are those which contain both androecium and gynoecium, while unisexual flowers contain either gynoecium or androecium. The corolla and the calyx are generally distinct, but may sometimes be fused (called perianth). A flower that contains all four floral parts is called a complete flower.

Parts of flowers

(A)The calyxforms the outermost whorl of a flower, which contains sepals. They are green, leaf–like structures that cover and protect the flowers during the bud stage. When the sepals of a flower are free, they are called polysepalous, while fused sepals of a flower are called gamosepalous.

(B)The corollaof a flower is a layer that lies inside the calyx. It contains beautifully coloured petals, which help in attracting insects for pollination. When the petals are free, they are called polypetalous, while fused petals are called gamopetalous.

(C)The androeciumor the stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower. It consists of two parts, the filament and the bilobed anther. The bilobed anther is the site for meiosis and the generation of pollen grains.

(D)Gynoeciumrepresents the female reproductive part of a flower. It consists of an ovary. The ovary is connected by a long tube (called style) to the stigma. The ovary bears numerous ovules attached to the placenta.

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Dominant and recessive traits exist when a trait has two different forms at the gene level. The trait that first appears or is visibly expressed in the organism is called the dominant trait. The trait that is present at the gene level but is masked and does not show itself in the organism is called the recessive trait.

The terms dominant and recessive describe the inheritance patterns of certain traits. That is, they describe how likely it is for a certain phenotype to pass from parent offspring.

A dominant allele produces a dominant phenotype in individuals who have one copy of the allele, which can come from just one parent. For a recessive allele to produce a recessive phenotype, the individual must have two copies, one from each parent. An individual with one dominant and one recessive allele for a gene will have the dominant phenotype. They are generally considered “carriers” of the recessive allele: the recessive allele is there, but the recessive phenotype is not.

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Attached ear lobes is the common recessive trait found in humans.

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d. Thalassemia is considered anautosomal recessive Examples of autosomal recessive disorders include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Tay-Sachsdisease

AaBbCC will produce 4 types of gametes which are as follows-ABC, AbC, aBC, abC. The number of gametes formed is decided by the number of heterozygous alleles present in the given genotype. 2^n is the formula used to find it out, where n=number of heterozygous alleles present in the genotype. Say for example, in the above genotype Aa & Bb are the 2 heterozygous alleles, so here n=2. Putting the values in the formula , we get 2^2=4. Hence 4 types of gametes are formed.

Coming to the next part of your question, you can refer to the above image to understand the method to find out the genotype of gametes. Please do not forget to encircle the gametes, that is the way they are written.

Genesare forms of DNA. Eachgenecontains asingleset of instructions. These instructions usually code for a particular protein. Humans have about 20,000genesthat code proteins and many more that are non-coding. Half of a person'sgenescome from the mother.

what type of single set of instruction it contains ??? What are proteins ? what role does it play in reproduction ?

Graftingor graftage is atechniqueused in horticulture that consists of taking tissues from one plant and putting them onto another plant. The two plants will then grow together. Thetechniqueis a type of vegetative reproduction.

Sir in essay

c is the false...........

c fibrous joints are immovable

a)No, thewing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat cannot beconsidered homologous organsbecause they both perform the same function of flying but their origin and structure is not similar.

b)Different organisms with common ancestry in the past, are more likely to have similarcharacteristicsdue to inheritance. These similar characteristicsareused to determine evolutionary relationships.

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Clostridium botulinumClostridium perfringes

total no of bones in hindlimb is 30

Infection occurs when viruses, bacteria, or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply. Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged as a result of infection and signs and symptoms of an illness appear. ... Viruses make us sick by killing cells or disrupting cell function.

The different means by which infectious diseases spread are: (a) Through air: They are also called air-borne diseases. The air carries bacteria, virus and the diseases that can be caused are: common cold, influenza, tuberculosis etc. ... Example, fungal infections, skin diseases, scabies etc

Florigen (orflowering hormone) is the hypothesizedhormone-like molecule responsible for controlling and/or triggeringfloweringin plants. Florigen is produced in the leaves, and acts in the shoot apical meristem of buds and growing tips. It is known to be graft-transmissible, and even functions between species.

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The largest cell in the human body is the female egg, also known asovum; it's 1000 micrometres in diameter.

The biggest cell in human body is neuron which is present in our brain.

206 bones

By the time you're an adult, you'll have exactly206 bones. Over half of those bones can be found in your hands and feet! Your bones can be divided into two skeletal systems. The axial skeleton contains all the bones in the trunk of your body (that's the middle part of your body that includes your spine).

in human body 206 bones are found

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The chordae tendineae are a group of string-like tendinous bands found within both ventricles of the heart. They arise from the tips of the papillary muscles on the inside of the wall of the ventricles and extend into the hollow lumen.

(c) is correct option

(c) is correct answer

bro also tell about fibrous root

the underlying fibrous layer of epithelial tissue is separated by extracellular fibrous basement membrane

Tap roots

The roots in which one root is main root and other lateral roots grow on it are called tap roots.

Fibrous root

The roots which do not have any main root but all the roots are similar are called fibrous root.

The correct answer to this question is option (c) tendons.

a is the right option.....

all of them is correct hence the correct option is D..

Bones with air cavities is an adaptation for flying. Air cavities in bones reduce the density of bones which is helpful in flying

Thanks so much this answer in correct

what

The answer is Biome, option B.

Males, called drones, emerge from unfertilized eggs, andfemalesemerge from fertilized ones and become the workers. So if the queen adds sperm to an egg, it willproduceafemale; if she withholds sperm, the egg willproduceamale