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Since lemon is a type of citrus extract, and rust is a base, so in case we rub the rusted copper vessel, the lemon's corrosive chops down the base and it winds up sparkly.

Lemon is acidic in nature in which fundamental layer is broken down and washes off effortlessly.

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Conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid is an oxidation reactionbecause oxygen is added toethanoltoconvertit toethanoic acid. ... KMnO4/acidified K2Cr2O7add oxygen toethanolhence they are called oxidising agent.

Conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid is an oxidation reactionbecause oxygen is added toethanoltoconvertit toethanoic acid. ... KMnO4/acidified K2Cr2O7add oxygen toethanolhence they are called oxidising agent.

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Protons and neutrons constitute the nuclei of atoms. By can understand by the above given masses of neutron and proton, neutron is the heaviest particle in the atom. And if we speak about elementary level then up quark is the heaviest

S = 1/2 a*t^2where a is the acceleration in the direction of motion.In this case the acceleration in the direction of motion is zero.

So, the man will cover the same 60m on the surface of the moon.

60m Explantion:

In a linear motion on plane surface there is no effect of gravity on motion of man on moon's surface

60mExplanation

in a linear motion on place surface there is no effect of gravity on motion of man on moon's surface

sound wave cannot propogate through vacuum. because it needs a material medium for propogation

Sublimationis theprocessof transition of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without passing through the liquid state. Toseparatemixtures that contain asublimatewith volatile component from a non-sublimateimpurity, thesublimation processisused.

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Some of the commonly used alloys and their composition are:

(i) brasscopper with up to 50% zinc Uses: inexpensive jewellery; hose nozzles and couplings; piping; stamping dies

(ii) Nichrome (nickel: 80-85%, chromium: 15-20%) Uses: heating elements in toasters, electric heaters, etc.

(iii) solder (lead: 50%, tin: 50%) Uses: joining two metals to each other

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The answer is solids because solids have ionic bondsamongtheir molecules,thus minimising the spacesbetween particles. b) Minimum spacesbetween particles- Solids,because they havemaximum force of attraction between particles.

a) Solids have Maximum force of attraction between its constituent particles.

Reason: Because if strong force of attraction, they cannot be deformed easily.

b) Solids have minimum spaces between constituent particles.

Reason: That's why solids have fixed volume and shape.

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TheIUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature of organic chemistryis the standardized official naming rule of organic compounds, developed by the IUPAC. In this page we will discuss the IUPAC naming of alkanes, branched-chain alkanes, alkanes with substituents, and cycloalkanes.

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Biological Oxygen Demand is the loss of oxygen in water.

Ans :- Anomalous expansion of water refers to water's unusual ability, due to which it expands instead of contracting when cooled. Due to some reasons like rains or a flowing river, water enters the rocks through small spaces in between them. In winters, in areas with extremely low temperatures, this water expands due to its abilities and thus causes the rocks to crack.

A metal needle or paper clip has higher density that that ofwater. So when it is dropped intowater, it falls down into the bottom ofwater. However, if we put it horizontally on thewaterwith a lot of caution, it canfloatalmost foreverdueto the surface tension ofwater.

a) H2 as smaller the diameter longer mean free path

0.001023=1.023*10^-3

2)The velocity of the ball changes four times.As a football player kicks the football, its speed changes from zero to a certain value.As a result, the velocity of the ball gets changed. In this case, the player applied aforce to change the velocity of the ball. Another player kicks the ball towards thegoal post. As a result, the direction of the ball gets changed. Therefore, its velocityalso changes. In this case, the player applied a force to change the velocity of theball. The goalkeeper collects the ball. In other words, the ball comes to rest. Thus, itsspeed reduces to zero from a certain value. The velocity of the ball has changed. Inthis case, the goalkeeper applied an opposite force to stop/change the velocity of theball. The goalkeeper kicks the ball towards his team players. Hence, the speed of theball increases from zero to a certain value. Hence, its velocity changes once again. Inthis case, the goalkeeper applied a force to change the velocity of the ball.

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3)16 Because Kp does not depends upon change in volume of the container.

2) 64 is the correct answer

hence if x=3/5NO2==1-3/5=2/5and NO==1+3/5=8/5if x=5/3NO2==1-5/3=-2/3NO==1+5/3=8/3

HI will have the least volume.

the ans is so2 because a is constant which is responsible for the force of attraction of molecules.as "a" increases the force of attraction between the molecules increases.

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w = -nRT ln (Vf/ Vi)

w = -(1 mol)(8.314 JK-1mol-1) (300 K) ln (10 m3/ 5 m3)

= -1728 J

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Sodium hydroxide , soda ashand muriatic acid.soda ash is used for the manufacture of glass.it is used as water softner in laundary.

Sodium hydroxide is a strong base used in industry.It is used in the bayer process of aluminium process.

Muriatic acid is used in food processing.It is used in the process of oil production.

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Acrystalsystem is described by three vectors. In themonoclinicsystem, thecrystalis described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in theorthorhombicsystem. ... Hence two vectors are perpendicular (meet at right angles), while the third vector meets the other two at an angle other than 90°.

There are mainly two types of defects:-

Point defect:-When the deviation or irregularities exists from ideal arrangement around a point or an atom in a crystalline substance the defect is called the point defect.

Line defect:-When the deviation from the ideal arrangement exists in the entire row of lattice points the defect is called as line defect.

Types of the point defects:-

1. Stoichiometric defects

2. Non stoichiometric defects

3. Impurity defects

Stoichiometric defect:-

If imperfection in the crystal are such that the ratio between cation and onions remains same. Stoichiometry of substance do not disturbed defect is called stoichiometric defect these defects are of the following types.

1. Vacancy defect:-When is in a crystalline substance, some of the lattice sites are vacant the crystal is said to have vacancy defect it results in decrease of density of substance.

2. Interstitial defect:-

When some extra constituent particles are present in the interstitial site the crystal is said to be have interstitial defect.

This defect increases density of the crystal

These above types of defects are shown only by non – ionic solids.

.Schottky defect:-

If in an ionic crystal of the type A+B- equal number of cations and anions are missing from the lattice site. So that electrical neutrality is remained is called schottky defect.Compounds exhibiting schottky defect are NaCl, KCl

Which compounds have small difference in size of cation and anions show defect.

Frenkel defect:-If an ion is missing, from its lattice site and is occupies the interstitial site, electrical neutrality as well as Stoichiometry of the compound are maintained this type of defect is called frenkel defect. It is also called dislocation defect.

Example:-(AgCl, AgBr, AgI, ZnS) shows this defect which have a large difference in size of cations and anions.

Non stoichiometric defects:-

If a result of the imperfactions in the crystal the ratio, of the cations and anions becomes difference from that indicated by ideal chemical formula. The defects are called non-stoichiometric defects.

They are of two types:-

i. Metal excess defects:-

A negative ion may be missing from its lattice site, leaving a hole which is occupied by an electron, there by maintain the electrical neutrality.

The interstitial sites containing the electron thus trapped in the anion vacancies are called the F – centers. They are responsible for imparting colour to the crystals.Example:-When NaCl is heated in an atmosphere of Na vapours. The excess of Na atoms deposition the surface of NaCl crystal Cl- ions then diffuse to the surface where the combine with Na+ ions which becomes due to losing electrons.

These electrons loses by Na atom are diffuse back into the crystal and occupy the vacant site created by Cl- ions and imparts Yellow colour to NaCl crystal

ii. By presence of extra cation in interstitial sites:-

• Metal excess may also be caused by an extra cation occupying the interstial site. For example when ZnO is heated it loses oxygen and turns yellow due to followingZnO → Zn+2 + (1/2)O2 + 2e-The excess interstitial sites and the electrons in neighbouring interstitial sites.

Metal deficiency defect:-This defect occurs when the metal shows the variable valancy. Due to metal deficiency the compounds obtained are non stoichiometric. For example it is difficult to prepare ferrous oxide with ideal composition because ferum exists as both Fe+2 and Fe+3 ions thus we obtain Fe0.95O or FexO withx = 0.93 to 0.96

Impurity defects:-

These defects are arises when foreign atoms are present at the lattice site in place of the host atom. Or it is present at the vacant interstitial site example n – type semi conductor, p – type semi conductor.

As it is in the range of 0.225-0.414 coordination number will be 4 and Type of void will beTetrahedral

Biodegradable polymersare a special class ofpolymerthatbreaks downafter its intended purpose by bacterial decomposition process to result in natural byproducts such as gases (CO2,N2),water,biomass, and inorganic salts.[1][2]These polymers are found both naturally andsyntheticallymade, and largely consist ofester,amide, andetherfunctional groups. Their properties and breakdown mechanism are determined by their exact structure. These polymers are often synthesized bycondensation reactions,ring opening polymerization, andmetal catalysts. There are vast examples and applications of biodegradable polymers.

Bio-based packaging materials have been introduced as a green alternative in the past decades, among which, edible films have gained more attention due to their environmentally-friendly characteristics, vast variety and availability, non-toxicity, and low cost.[3]

Biodegradable polymersare a special class ofpolymerthatbreaks downafter its intended purpose by bacterial decomposition process to result in natural byproducts such as gases (CO2,N2),water,biomass, and inorganic salts.[1][2]These polymers are found both naturally andsyntheticallymade, and largely consist ofester,amide, andetherfunctional groups. Their properties and breakdown mechanism are determined by their exact structure. These polymers are often synthesized bycondensation reactions,ring opening polymerization, andmetal catalysts. There are vast examples and applications of biodegradable polymers.

Bio-based packaging materials have been introduced as a green alternative in the past decades, among which, edible films have gained more attention due to their environmentally-friendly characteristics, vast variety and availability, non-toxicity, and low cost

nylon 2-nylon 6 is a biodegradable polymer

nylon 2nylon 6 is the correct answer of the given question

Diamond is a network covalent solid with no molecular boundaries.

Each carbon atom in diamond is covalently bound to 4 other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral array. Because there are NO molecular boundaries, the physical properties of diamond, melting point/boiling point, are so high as to be almost unmeasurable. To break up the solid structure, enough energy has to be pumped in to break STRONG C - C bonds that are covalently bound in an infinite array.

(b) is correct option

Diamond is a covalent crystal.

Diamond is a covalent crystal.

wax crystals are molecular crystals, in which constituent particles are molecules having inter particle forces areVander Waal’s forces.

Ans : Molecular crystal

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Apolymerthat can be decomposed by bacteria is called abiodegradable polymer. ... The commonexamplesof aliphaticbiodegradable polymersare polyglycolic acid(PGA), Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB), Polyhydroxy butyrates-co-beta hydroxyl valerate( PHBV), Polycaprolactone(pcl)

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The most common raw rock typesusedincementproduction are:

Limestone (supplies the bulk of the lime)

Clay, marl or shale (supplies the bulk of the silica, alumina and ferric oxide)

Other supplementary materials such as sand, fly ash/pulverised fuel ash (PFA), or ironstone to achieve the desired bulk composition.

Thelimestonedecomposes in the hotfurnace, forming calcium oxide. This reacts with the sandy impurities (silicon dioxide) to form a slag. The main role oflimestonein extraction of iron is to decomposes in hotfurnaceand form the calcium oxide.

In the interstitial defects, the atom gets dislocated from its initial position(which may or may not be of the same molecule) and gets transferred to other position in between the other atoms.

If we just assume that in the picture above, a smaller dissimilar atom is located in between the regular symmetrical arrangement of atom. So if we consider just the four atoms surrounding the smaller atom, the volume never changes, while there is a net addition of mass due to that smaller atom.

By the relation of mass and density, we know that mass is proportional to density at constant volume. Hence the density of the solid somewhat increases.

Frenkel defects appears in Zn S. This defect appears in ionic solids, and the smaller ion (usually cation) is dislocated. Due to smaller size of zinc and charge of 2+ the defect occurs.

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Synthetic fibresare synthesized fromraw materials calledpetrochemicals.

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metal excess, Non-stoichiometric defect is rhe point defect that is responsible for color

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