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751.

Which oxides cause acid rain? What is its pH value?

Answer»

→ Oxides of Nitrogen, Sulphur and Carbon dissolved in rain water forms acid rain.

→ pH of acid rain is less than 5.6

752.

What is temporary and permanent hardness of water? Mention which ions cause the hardness of water..

Answer»

Temporary hardness of water : Presence of calcium, Magnesium bicarbonates in water causes temperory hardness.

Permanent hardness of water : Presence of calcium, magnesium chlorides, sulphates in water causes permanent hardness.

→ Ca+2, Mg+2 ions mainly cause the hardness of water.

→ Salts that cause hardness of water are Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2, CaCl2, MgCl2, CaSO4, MgSO4.

ions : Ca+2, Mg+2, HCO3, Cl , SO4–2

753.

Define 'receptor' and 'sink'.

Answer»

Receptor : The medium which is effected by the pollutant is called receptor.

Eg : Our eyes become red with burning sensation due to the smoke released from automobiles.

Sink : The medium which reacts with pollutant is called sink.

Eg : Sea water is a big sink for CO2.

754.

Write notes on the following :(a) Distillation(b) Chromatography

Answer»

(a) Distillation : This method is used to separate

(i) Volatile liquids from non volatile impurities.

(ii) The liquids having difference in their boiling points.

liquids having different boiling points vapourises at different temperatures. These vapours are cooled and the liquids formed are collected separately.

Eg : CHCl3 (b.pt.334K) and C6H5NH2 (b.pt.457k) are easily separated by distillation technique.

(b) Chromatography : This is a technique for the separation, purification and identification of the constituents of mixtures. It is based on the principle of selective adsorption of components of a mixture between two phases, a stationary phase and a moving phase. The stationary phase can be a solid or a liquid while a moving phase is a liquid or gas. 

755.

What is periodicity? Explain the following periodic trends.(a) Atomic size(b) Ionization energy(c) Electronegativity

Answer»

Periodicity : The properties of elements which change gradually with change in electronic configuration and repeats in regular intervals are called periodic properties and this repetetion is called periodicity.

(a) Atomic size (or) Atomic radius :

In groups : In groups from top to bottom atomic size increases. This is due to the entering of electrons into new subshells each time.

In periods : In periods from left to right (atomic radius) atomic size decreases. This is due to the entering of electrons into same subshell each time.

(b) Ionization energy :

In groups : In groups from top to bottom I.E. decreases this is due to the increase of atomic size in groups. 

In Periods : In periods from left to right I.E. increases this is due to the decrease of atomic size in periods.

(c) Electro negativity :

In groups : In groups from top to bottom electron negativity decreases. This is due to the increase of atomic size in groups.

In periods : In periods from left to right electro negavitity increases. This is due to the decrease of atomic size in periods.

756.

The first element of the group 1 and 2 are different from other members of the respective group.Their behaviour is more similar to the second element of the following groups,What is this relationship known as ?A. Anomalous relationshipB. Periodic relationshipC. Diagonal relationshipD. Chemical relationship

Answer» Correct Answer - C
The relation between `1^(st)`element of a group and `2^(nd)`element of the next group is called diagonal relationship.
757.

In the transformation of `Na(s) rarr Na^(o+) (g)`, the energies involved areA. Ionisation energyB. Sublimation energyC. Ionisation energy and sublimation energyD. Bond dissociation energy

Answer» Correct Answer - C
`Na_((s)) underset(Delta_("sub")H^(ɵ))(rarr)Na_((g)) underset(IE_(1))(rarr)overset(o+)(Na_((g)))+e^(-)`
758.

`Delta_(f)H^(ɵ)` of hypothetical MX is `-150 kJ mol^(-1)` and for `MX_(2)` is `-600 kJ mol^(-1)`. The enthalpy of disproportionation of MX is `=-100 x kJ mol^(-1)`. Find the value of x.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
`2MX rarr M+MX_(2) Delta H^(ɵ) = ?`
`M(s) + (1)/(2) xx 2 rarr MX Delta_(f)H_(1)^(ɵ) = -150 kJ mol^(-1)`
`M(s) + X_(2) rarr MX_(2) Delta_(f)H_(2)^(ɵ) = -600 kJ mol^(-1)`
`:. Delta H^(ɵ) = Delta_(f)H_(2)^(ɵ)-2Delta_(f)H_(1)^(ɵ)`
`= -600 - (2 xx 150) = -300 kJ mol^(-1)`
`:. -100 x = -300`
`:. x = 3`
759.

How many of the following energies are involved in the transformation of `Na(s) rarr Na^(o+) (aq)` ? (a) `1 E` , (b) `Delta_("sub")H^(ɵ)` , ( c) `Delta_("diss")H^(ɵ)`, (d ) `Delta_("hyd")H^(ɵ)` (e) `Delta_(u)H^(ɵ)`

Answer» Correct Answer - 3
`Na_((s)) overset(Delta_("sub")H^(ɵ))rarr Na_((g))overset(IE) rarr Na_((g))^(o+)+aq overset(Delta_("hyd")H^(ɵ))rarr Na_((aq))^(o+)`
760.

In the long form of periodic table all the non-metals are placed underA. `s`-blockB. `p`-blockC. `d`-blockD. `f`-block

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Non-metals are placed in `p`-block.
761.

Unsaturated fatty acids haveA. Oleic acidB. High melting pointC. One or more double bondsD. Palmitic acid

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.
762.

Inulin found in plant cell is aA. ProteinB. PolysaccharideC. LipidD. Vitamin

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Inulin found in some plant cells is polysaccharide.
763.

Consider the following statements with respect to haracteristic features of the kingdomof the above statementsAIn animalia the mode of nutrition is autotrophic B In monera the nuclear membrane is present C In protista the cell type is prokaryotic D In plantae the cell wall is presentA. (a) alone is correctB. (b) alone is correctC. (c ) alone is correctD. (d) alone is correct

Answer» Correct Answer - D
In animalia, the mode of nutrition is heterotropic.
`**` In monera, the nuclear membrane is absent.
`**` In protista, the cell type is eukaryotic.
764.

The mode of nutrition in animalia isA. HeterotrophicB. HolozoicC. SaprophyticD. Any of the above

Answer» Correct Answer - D
The mode of nutrition in animalia is Heterotrophic, Holozoic and Saprophytic.
765.

Cellular level of body organisation is found inA. MoneraB. ProtistaC. FungiD. Both A and B

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Cellular level of body organisation is found in Monera and Protista.
766.

Select the correct combination of the statement of the statement `(A-D)` regarding the characteristics of certain organisms (A) Methanogens are Archaebacteria which produce methane in marshy areas (B) Nostoc is a filamentous blue-green algae which fixes atmospheric nitrogen (C) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose (D) Mycoplasma lack a cell and cen survive without oxygen The correct statement areA. b,cB. a,b,cC. b,c,dD. a,b,d

Answer» Correct Answer - D
`**` Methanogens are archaebacteria which produce methane in marshy areas.
`**` Nostoc is a filamentous BGA which fixes atmospheric `N_(2)`
`**` Mycoplasma lack cell wall and can survive without oxygen.
767.

Black rust of wheat is caused byA. Alternaria solaniB. Ustilago triticiC. Puccinia graminis tritticiD. Claviceps purpurea

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Black rust of wheat is caused by Puccinia graministritici.
768.

five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H whittaker is not based onA. Complexity of body organisationB. Presence or absence of a well - defined nucleusC. Mode of reproductionD. Mode of nutrition

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H. Whittaker is not based on complexity of body organisation.
769.

Five kingdom classification was based onA. Cell structureB. Thallus organisationC. Mode of NutritionD. All of the above

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Five kingdom classification was based on cell structure, reproduction, phylogenetic relationship, thallus organisation and mode of nutrition.
770.

five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H whittaker is not based onA. Presence or absence of well defined nucleusB. Mode of reproductionC. Mode of nutritionD. Complexity of body organization

Answer» Correct Answer - A
771.

Among 5-Kingdom classification, eukaryotes are placed in how many kingdom (s) ?A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 1

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Among 5-Kingdom classification, eukaryotes are placed in 4 kingdom (except monera).
772.

Which one aomong the following statements is not correct ?A. Contractile vacuoles regulate osmoregulation in marine protozoansB. Euglena is a holophytic protozoanC. Trypanosoma belongs to the class mastigophoraD. Class sporozoa includes Plasmodium

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Contractile vacuoles regulate osmoregulation in fresh water protozoans.
773.

Three domains of life include how many kingdoms ?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Three domains of life include 6-kingdom.
774.

How many criteria are used in 5-Kingdom classification ?A. 2B. 4C. 5D. 3

Answer» Correct Answer - C
5 criteria are used in 5-Kingdom classification.
775.

Which of the following options incorrectly distinguishes the kingdoms Monera and Protista?A. `{:(,"Monera","Protista"),((a),"Includes unicellular prokaryotes","Includes multicellular eukaryotes"):}`B. `{:(,"Monera","Protista"),((b),"Membrane bound cell organelles are absent","Membrane bound cell organelles are present"):}`C. `{:(,"Monera","Protista"),((c),"Cell wall when present, made up of peptidogiycans","Cell wall, if present, contains cellulose"):}`D. `{:(,"Monera","Protista"),((d),"Flagella, when presetn, comprise of protein flagellin","Flagella and cilia when present, made up of protein tubulin"):}`

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Kingdom Monera includes unicellular prokarytoes whereas kingdom Protista includes all unicellular eukaryotes.
776.

Which of the following is NOT a member of Kingdom Protista ?A. ChrysophytesB. DeuteromycetesC. DinoflagellatesD. Slime Moulds.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Deuteromycetes is a member of Kingdom fungi.
777.

Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic are the characteristics ofA. MycoplasmaB. BGAC. ArchaebacteriaD. Slime Moulds.

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic nature is the characteristic of Slime moulds.
778.

Maximum nutritional diversity is found in the groupA. PlantaeB. AnimaliaC. FungiD. Monera

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Maximum nutritional diversity is found in Monera.
779.

Which is the only phylum in the animal kingdom without any nerve cell ?A. PoriferaB. CoelenterataC. AnnelidaD. Nematoda

Answer» Correct Answer - A
780.

Maximum nutritional diversity is found in groupA. FungiB. AnimaliaC. MoneraD. Plantae

Answer» Correct Answer - C
781.

The atomic number of vanadium `(V)`, chromium `(Cr)`, manganese `(Mn)` and iron `(Fe)` are respectively `23,24,25,26`. Which out of these may be expected to have the jump in second ionisation enthalpy?A. `Mn`B. `Fe`C. `V`D. `Cr`

Answer» Correct Answer - D
`Cr` has `3d^(5), 4s^(1)`, configuration and thus second electron is removed from `3d`- subshell. Rest all from `4s`- subshell.
782.

Transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through contact is calledA. Binary fissionB. TransductionC. TransformationD. Conjugation

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through contact is called Conjugation.
783.

The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another via viruses is calledA. TransformationB. ConjugationC. RecombinationD. Transduction

Answer» Correct Answer - D
The transfer of gentic material from one bacterium to another via viruses is called Tranduction.
784.

Photoropic and geotropic movements are linked toA. GibberellinsB. EnzymesC. AuxinD. Cytokinins

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Phototropic and geotropic movements are linked to Auxin.
785.

Similar cone-shaped teeth areA. DiphyodontB. AcrodontC. HomodontD. Thecodont

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Similar cone-shaped teeth are Homodont.
786.

Give scientific reasons for the following statements : (i) The mushrooms are not regarded plants now. (ii) Perfect phylogenetic classification is diffcult to achieve. (iii) Viruses are not included in any system of classification. (iv) Practical classification results in heterogenous groups of unrelated organisms. (v) Artificial classification gives little information about the groups. (vi) Phylogenetic classification is the most favoured classification.

Answer» (i) It is so because unlike plants, mushrooms are heterotrophic and absorptive due to lack of chlorophyll. It may be saprotrophic or parasitic.
(ii) It is so because fossil record, which is the source of ascertaining the evolutionary relationships, is incomplete and is expected to remain so.
(iii) Viruses are not cells and therefore are not included in prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Classification only divides the organisms into various groups.
(iv) Because this system of classifying the animals and plants is based on their utility to man.
(v) It is so because this classification is based on one or few superficial resemblances rather than on natural or evolutionary relationships.
(vi) Because it reflects the evolutionary relationships or organisms.
787.

The process of transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through a bacteriophage isA. TransductionB. TransformationC. TranscriptionD. Translocation

Answer» Correct Answer - A
The process of transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through a bacteriophage is transduction.
788.

Pair of viral disease isA. Ringworm and AIDSB. Typhoid and TuberculosisC. Dysentery and Common coldD. Mumps and Herpes

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Pair of viral disease is Common cold and AIDS
789.

Classification of animals based on evolutionary relationships is calledA. Artificial systemB. Natural systemC. Phylogenetic systemD. Numerical taxonomy

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Classification of animals based on evolutionary relationship is called Phylogenetic system.
790.

Who was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification ?A. R.H. WhittakerB. LinnaeusC. AristotleD. Bentham and Hooker

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification.
791.

For the classification of plant, Aristotle use theA. Anatomical featureB. Morphological characterC. Mode of nutritionD. Phylogenetic relationship

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Aristotle use the morphological character for the classification of plant .
792.

Genetic material of `phi xx 174` bacteriophage isA. Single stranded RNAB. Double stranded RNAC. Single stranded DNAD. Double stranded DNA

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Genetic material of `phi xx 174` bacteriophage is Single stranded DNA.
793.

The mode of asexual reproduction in Euglena isA. Transverse binary fissionB. Longitudinal binary fissionC. Multiple fissionD. Irregular binary fission

Answer» Correct Answer - B
The mode of reproduction in Euglena is Longitudinal binary fission.
794.

Earliest scientific classification was given by Aristotle. Aristotle classified animals intoA. Prokaryota and EukaryotaB. Those which had red blood and those that did notC. Protozoa and MetazoaD. Autotrophic and Heterotrophic

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Earliest scientific classification was given by Aristotle. Aristotle classify animals into those which had red bloood and those that did not.
795.

Cyanobacteria are classfied under which of the following kingdoms?A. MoneraB. ProtistaC. AlgaeD. Plantae

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Cyanobacteria of blue-green algae are Gram + photosynthetic prokaryotes which perform oxygenic photo-synthesis. Cyanobacteria are calssified under Kingdom Monera.
796.

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the structure of a typical bacterial cell?A. Cell possess naked circular DNA which is folded to form nucleoid.B. Cell are surrounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall and a mucilaginous sheath.C. Cells possess weill developed membrane bound cell organelles.D. Ribosomes in these cells are 70S is nature.

Answer» Correct Answer - C
In a bacterial cell, membrane bound cell organelles as found in eukaryotes are absent. Various structures present in the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell include mesosomes, 705 ribosomes, nucleoid, plasmids, gas vecuoles, food reserve, etc.
797.

Read the following statements regarding methanogens and select the correct option. (i) They are included in the group Archaebacteria. (ii) They are responsible for the production of biogas in gobar gas plants. (iii) They live in hot sulphur springs. (iv) They are strictly anaerobic.A. Statement(i) and (ii) are correct.B. Statements (i),(ii) and (iv) are correctC. Statements (ii),(iii) and (iv) are correct.D. All statements are correct.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Methanogens are a type of archaebactiera whicha re strict anaerobes. Nutritionally they are autotrophs which obtain both energy and carbon from decomposition products. They occur in marshy areas where they convert formic acid and carbon dioxide into methance with the help of hydrogen. This capability is commercially exploited in teh production of methance and fuel gas inside gobar gas plants e.g., Methanobacterium, Methanococcus.
798.

The structure that help some bacteria to attach to rocks and host tissues areA. HoldfastB. RhizoidsC. FimbraieD. Mesosomes

Answer» Correct Answer - C
799.

Read the following statements and selec the correct option Statement 1: Virsuses are inert crystalline structure outside a living cell. Statement 2 : Virsus are cellular organisms.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.B. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.C. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.D. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Virus (L. poison) is a non-cellalar, infectious, nucleoprotein entiry enclosed within a protein covering or coat. Viruses are characterised by having an inert crystalline structure outside the livin cell.
800.

Some hyphae are continuous tube filled with multinucleated cytoplasm. These are called.A. Syncytial hyphaeB. DikaryonC. MyceliumD. Coenocytic hypae

Answer» Correct Answer - D
Some hypae are continuous tube filled with multinucleated cytoplasm. These are called coenocytic hyphae.