1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 12 InterviewSolution

551.	Human activities have a significant role in carbon cycle.1. Do you agree with the statement?2. Mention the environmental hazard caused by excess release of CO2 ?
Answer» 1. Yes. 2. Deforestation activities and massive burning of fossil fuels increase the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere that causes reradiation of reflected solar radiations. This leads to heating of the troposphere called green house effect.

551.

Human activities have a significant role in carbon cycle.1. Do you agree with the statement?2. Mention the environmental hazard caused by excess release of CO2 ?

Answer»

1. Yes.

2. Deforestation activities and massive burning of fossil fuels increase the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere that causes reradiation of reflected solar radiations. This leads to heating of the troposphere called green house effect.

Discussion

552.	Energy flow is always unidirectional, never return back. Do you agree. Give the justification of your answer.
Answer» Yes. The ow of energy is based on thermodynamic laws. It starts from producers and flows through successive trophic levels, The efficiency of energy transfer from one trophic level to the next is 10%.

Discussion

553.	In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maximum energy is at trophic level:A. `T_3`B. `T_4`C. `T_1`D. `T_2`
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

554.	In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maximum energy is at trophic level:A. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A There is 90% loss of energy at every trophic level. There, maximum energy is at T 1 level.

Discussion

555.	PAR belongs to the wavelength of(a) 300-400 A0 (b) 400-700A0 (c) 600-800A0 (d) 700-1000A0
Answer» (b) 400-700A0

Discussion

556.	The trophic level of lion in a forest ecosystem is:A. `T_(3)`B. `T_(4)`C. `T_(2)`D. `T_(1)`
Answer» Correct Answer - B Lion is at the end of the food chain forming the top carnivore. It lacks predators, decomposes after death, replenishing the soil with nutrients for plants.

Discussion

557.	The atmosphere contains only about 1% of total global carbon. But carbon cycle is an gaseous cycle since the reservoir is atmospheric CO2 . Justify
Answer» 71% of carbon is found dissolved in oceans which regulates the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere. Fossil fuels also represents a reservoir of carbon. Carbon cycle is considered as gaseous cycle since the cycling occurs through atmosphere, ocean and through living and dead organisms. The CO₂ is released to the atmosphere by burning of fuels, processing of waste materials in land and ocean and hence it act as a reservoir of CO₂ in an ecosystem.

557.

The atmosphere contains only about 1% of total global carbon. But carbon cycle is an gaseous cycle since the reservoir is atmospheric CO2 . Justify

Answer»

71% of carbon is found dissolved in oceans which regulates the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere. Fossil fuels also represents a reservoir of carbon. Carbon cycle is considered as gaseous cycle since the cycling occurs through atmosphere, ocean and through living and dead organisms.

The CO₂ is released to the atmosphere by burning of fuels, processing of waste materials in land and ocean and hence it act as a reservoir of CO₂ in an ecosystem.

Discussion

558.	Which of the following is not a producer?A. NostocB. VolvoxC. AgaricusD. Spirogyra
Answer» Correct Answer - C Agaricus is a terricolous secondary decomposer fungus, which plays an ecologically significant role in the degradation of leaf and needle litter in temperate forests.

Discussion

559.	Green plants form:A. complete food chainB. first trophic levelC. second trophic levelD. third trophic level
Answer» Correct Answer - B Green plants start a food chain by photosynthesis, the fixing of solar energy with the help of chlorophyll.

Discussion

560.	Food chains are met only in the:A. seaB. forestsC. desertsD. in all of these places
Answer» Correct Answer - D Food chain is a simple sequence of prey species and predators that consume them. It operates in all ecosystems: sea, forests or deserts.

Discussion

561.	The energy sources for omnivores are:A. primary producers and primary consumersB. primary consumers and secondary consumersC. primary producers, carnivores and decomposersD. primary prodcuers and consumers and carnivores
Answer» Correct Answer - D Zooplankton refers to the microscopic plants, hence considered as primary consumers.

Discussion

562.	Sun is the only source of energy for the given ecosystems exceptA. deep sea hydrothermal ecosystemB. savannah ecosystemC. shallow lake ecosystemD. mangrove ecosystem
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

563.	Organisms which are associated with first as well as third trophic level areA. macrophytesB. Phytoplanktons `rarr` Zooplanktons `rarr` small fish `rarr` Large fishC. chemoautotrophsD. insectivorous plants
Answer» Correct Answer - D Trophic level is a functional level. A single species may occupy more than one trophic level. Insectivorous plants are producers, occupying first trophic level. They also eat insects and thus, occupy third trophic level also.

Discussion

564.	Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem ? A. DB. AC. BD. C
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

565.	Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem?A. B. C. D.
Answer» Correct Answer - C In a forest ecosystem, a single large sized producer like tree provide food to several herbivores, e.g., birds, in turn these small sized herbivorous birds are usually eaten by falcon or eagle. The number of eagle is, however very small. Thus, the pyramid of number obtained from this kind of relationship spindle shaped.

Discussion

566.	Find and incorrect statement of DFCA. Starts with solar energyB. Terminates in GFCC. Requires specific detritivoresD. Plays major role in terrestrial systems
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

567.	Biomass pyramid of forest isA. InvertedB. UprightC. InfiniteD. Finite
Answer» Correct Answer - B Biomass of producer is greater than the biomass of top consumers in forest ecosystem.

Discussion

568.	In a food chain, the total amount of living material is depicted by:A. Pyramid of biomassB. Pyramid of energyC. Pyramid of numberD. Trophic levels
Answer» Correct Answer - A The concept of biomass refers to organismal mass or the living material.

Discussion

569.	An inverted pyramid of biomass can be found in which ecosystem?A. ForestB. MarineC. Grass landD. Tundra
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

570.	Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. `(kcal m^(-3))yr^(-1)`B. `g^(-2) yr^(-1)`C. `g^(-1) yr^(-1)`D. `(kcal m^(-2))yr^(-1)`
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

571.	The maximum biomass of living diatoms is to be found inA. Marine pelagic habitatsB. Moist soil and swampsC. Deep coastimesD. Salt lakes
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

572.	When spontaneous process occurs then free energy of a systemA. DecreaseB. IncreaseC. Remains sameD. Either can increase or decrease
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

573.	Plants growing on sandstone areA. PsammophytesB. OxylophytesC. LithophytesD. Phanerophytes
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

574.	Plants growing in acidic soils are known asA. PsammophytesB. OxylophytesC. LithophytesD. Halophytes
Answer» Correct Answer - B Plants growing in soil which have acidic nature, rich amount of humus and lack of `Ca^(++)` ions are known as oxalophytes.

Discussion

575.	Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are:A. Secondary consumersB. Tertiary consumersC. DetritivoresD. Primary consumers
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

576.	Both mimic and model are harmful to the predatorA. Botesian mimicryB. Warning mimicryC. Concealing mimicryD. Mullerian mimicry
Answer» Correct Answer - D In mullerian mimicry, two or more unpalatable species resemble to each other. The mullerian mimicry is beneficial to both model as well as mimic because if a bird has learned not to eat wasp, it has automatically also learned not to touch the ctenuchid moth which mimics the wasp.

Discussion

577.	The character of an ecosytem is determined by the environmental factor which is shortest supply, this is theA. Law of minimumB. Law of diminishing returnsC. Law of limiting factorsD. Law of supply and demand
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

578.	Name any two organisms which occupy more than one trophic level in an ecosystem?
Answer» Man and sparrow.

Discussion

579.	Match the following Columns. A. `{:(A,B,G),(3,2,1):}`B. `{:(A,B,C),(3,2,1):}`C. `{:(A,B,G),(2,3,1):}`D. `{:(A,B,C),(1,3,2):}`
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

580.	Which one of the following is not a function of an ecosystem?A. Energy flowB. DecompositionC. ProductivityD. Stratification
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

581.	An ecosystem ,such as an aquarium is self-substaining if it involves the interaction between organisms , a flow of energy , and the presence ofA. equal numbers of plants and animalsB. more animals than plantsC. materials cyclesD. pioneer organisms
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

582.	Whale isA. Primary producerB. Carnivorous, secondary consumerC. A decomposerD. Herbivorous
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

583.	Energy flow in an ecosystem isA. unidirectionalB. bidirectionalC. multidirectionalD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

584.	How much of the net priamary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores ?A. `1%`B. `10%`C. `40%`D. `90%`
Answer» Correct Answer - B 10% of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores.

Discussion

585.	What is stratification in an ecosystem? Explain with an example.
Answer» The vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in an ecosystem is called stratification. Trees occupy the topmost vertical layer of a forest, shrubs occupy the second layer and herbs and grasses occupy the bottom most or base layers.

Discussion

586.	The teacher, pointing to a forest said “ Long back, this place was a pond’’. This gradual change is an example of(1) Secondary succession (2) Xerarch succession (3) Pioneer species (4) Hydrarch succession
Answer» Hydrarch succession

Discussion

587.	Is the common edible mushroom an autotroph or a heterotroph?
Answer» Heterotroph (as it does not have chlorophyll)

Discussion

588.	Why are oceans least productive?
Answer» Oceans are least productive because (i) There is insufficient radiation as sunlight decreases with the increasing depth of the ocean. (ii) Oceans are nitrogen deficient which is an important nutrient for plants. (iii) Conditions oi high salinity which is not iavourable for all plants. (iv) there is no substratum to support plants.

Discussion

589.	Ecological succession and species evolution would have been a parallel process. Justify.
Answer» As succession gives to the replacement of one community by another and establishment of dominant species it can be considering as parallel steps to evolution.

Discussion

590.	Natural interlinked food chains are called ...........
Answer» Natural interlinked food chains are called Food web

Discussion

591.	Gradual, sequential changes of a given area including species composition is known as ecological succession. If so name the first two stages of the succession in hydricarea.
Answer» (1) phytoplankton stage (2) submerged plant stage

591.

Gradual, sequential changes of a given area including species composition is known as ecological succession. If so name the first two stages of the succession in hydricarea.

Answer»

(1) phytoplankton stage

(2) submerged plant stage

Discussion

592.	Why are oceans least productive?
Answer» Oceans are least productive because they do not receive sufficient sunlight which is necessary for 1° productivity.

Discussion

593.	Give any two examples of xerarch succession.
Answer» (a) Bare rocks (xerosere) (b) Sandy areas (psammosere)

593.

Give any two examples of xerarch succession.

Answer»

(a) Bare rocks (xerosere)

(b) Sandy areas (psammosere)

Discussion

594.	Given below is a figure of an ecosystem. Answer the following questions.(i) What type of ecosystem is shown in the figure?(ii) Name any plant that is characteristic of such ecosystem.
Answer» (i) Desert ecosystem (ii) Opuntia, Cacti and Acacia

594.

Given below is a figure of an ecosystem. Answer the following questions.(i) What type of ecosystem is shown in the figure?(ii) Name any plant that is characteristic of such ecosystem.

Answer»

(i) Desert ecosystem

(ii) Opuntia, Cacti and Acacia

Discussion

595.	What is maximum in pond-ecosytemA. Primary consumersB. Secondary consumersC. ProducersD. Decomposers
Answer» Correct Answer - C Because phytoplanktons (producer) are largest in number in an aquatic system and pond-ecosystem is an aquatic ecosystem.

Discussion

596.	The pyramid of number is based onA. Unit per areaB. Food per individualC. Individuals in trophic levelD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C Pyramid of number in which of individuals at each trophic level is shown in pyramid.

Discussion

597.	The number of trophic levels in an ecosystem are limited. Comment.
Answer» The number of trophic level in an ecosystem are each limited and are not more than 4-5. because the amount of energy flow decreases with successive trophic level as only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next successive level. So rest of the energy is lost in the form of respiration and other vital activities to maintain life. if more trophic levels are present, the residual energy will be limited and decreases to such an extent that it cannot further support any trophic level by the flow of energy. So. the food chain is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels only. e.g.,`underset"(30,000J)"("Sun")overset("1 % asborbed")rarrunderset("300J")("Plants")overset("10 % trsnferred")rarrunderset("30J")("Deer")overset("10 % transferred")rarrunderset(3J)"Tiger"`

Discussion

598.	Organisms at a higher trophic level have less energy available. Comment.
Answer» The transfer of energy follows 10 per cent law – only 10 per cent of the energy is transferred to each trophic level from the lower trophic level. So, higher trophic level have less energy as- compared to lower trophic level.

Discussion

599.	Define self sustainability.
Answer» The degree at which the system can sustain itself without external support is called self sustainability.

Discussion

600.	Define self sustainability
Answer» Self sustainability is the maintenance of an ecosystem itself or naturally. i.e., A system that maintain itself by its own independent efforts is a self-sustainable ecosystem

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Human activities have a significant role in carbon cycle.1. Do you agree with the statement?2. Mention the environmental hazard caused by excess release of CO2 ?

Energy flow is always unidirectional, never return back. Do you agree. Give the justification of your answer.

In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maximum energy is at trophic level:A. `T_3`B. `T_4`C. `T_1`D. `T_2`

In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maximum energy is at trophic level:A. `T_(1)`B. `T_(2)`C. `T_(3)`D. `T_(4)`

PAR belongs to the wavelength of(a) 300-400 A0 (b) 400-700A0 (c) 600-800A0 (d) 700-1000A0

The trophic level of lion in a forest ecosystem is:A. `T_(3)`B. `T_(4)`C. `T_(2)`D. `T_(1)`

The atmosphere contains only about 1% of total global carbon. But carbon cycle is an gaseous cycle since the reservoir is atmospheric CO2 . Justify

Which of the following is not a producer?A. NostocB. VolvoxC. AgaricusD. Spirogyra

Green plants form:A. complete food chainB. first trophic levelC. second trophic levelD. third trophic level

Food chains are met only in the:A. seaB. forestsC. desertsD. in all of these places

The energy sources for omnivores are:A. primary producers and primary consumersB. primary consumers and secondary consumersC. primary producers, carnivores and decomposersD. primary prodcuers and consumers and carnivores

Sun is the only source of energy for the given ecosystems exceptA. deep sea hydrothermal ecosystemB. savannah ecosystemC. shallow lake ecosystemD. mangrove ecosystem

Organisms which are associated with first as well as third trophic level areA. macrophytesB. Phytoplanktons `rarr` Zooplanktons `rarr` small fish `rarr` Large fishC. chemoautotrophsD. insectivorous plants

Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem ? A. DB. AC. BD. C

Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem?A. B. C. D.

Find and incorrect statement of DFCA. Starts with solar energyB. Terminates in GFCC. Requires specific detritivoresD. Plays major role in terrestrial systems

Biomass pyramid of forest isA. InvertedB. UprightC. InfiniteD. Finite

In a food chain, the total amount of living material is depicted by:A. Pyramid of biomassB. Pyramid of energyC. Pyramid of numberD. Trophic levels

An inverted pyramid of biomass can be found in which ecosystem?A. ForestB. MarineC. Grass landD. Tundra

Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of (i) `("kcal"m^(-3))yr^(-1)` (ii) `g^(-2)yr^(-1)` (iii) `g^(-1)yr^(-1)` (iv) `("kcal"m^(-2))yr^(-1)`A. `(kcal m^(-3))yr^(-1)`B. `g^(-2) yr^(-1)`C. `g^(-1) yr^(-1)`D. `(kcal m^(-2))yr^(-1)`

The maximum biomass of living diatoms is to be found inA. Marine pelagic habitatsB. Moist soil and swampsC. Deep coastimesD. Salt lakes

When spontaneous process occurs then free energy of a systemA. DecreaseB. IncreaseC. Remains sameD. Either can increase or decrease

Plants growing on sandstone areA. PsammophytesB. OxylophytesC. LithophytesD. Phanerophytes

Plants growing in acidic soils are known asA. PsammophytesB. OxylophytesC. LithophytesD. Halophytes

Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are:A. Secondary consumersB. Tertiary consumersC. DetritivoresD. Primary consumers

Both mimic and model are harmful to the predatorA. Botesian mimicryB. Warning mimicryC. Concealing mimicryD. Mullerian mimicry

The character of an ecosytem is determined by the environmental factor which is shortest supply, this is theA. Law of minimumB. Law of diminishing returnsC. Law of limiting factorsD. Law of supply and demand

Name any two organisms which occupy more than one trophic level in an ecosystem?

Match the following Columns. A. `{:(A,B,G),(3,2,1):}`B. `{:(A,B,C),(3,2,1):}`C. `{:(A,B,G),(2,3,1):}`D. `{:(A,B,C),(1,3,2):}`

Which one of the following is not a function of an ecosystem?A. Energy flowB. DecompositionC. ProductivityD. Stratification

An ecosystem ,such as an aquarium is self-substaining if it involves the interaction between organisms , a flow of energy , and the presence ofA. equal numbers of plants and animalsB. more animals than plantsC. materials cyclesD. pioneer organisms

Whale isA. Primary producerB. Carnivorous, secondary consumerC. A decomposerD. Herbivorous

Energy flow in an ecosystem isA. unidirectionalB. bidirectionalC. multidirectionalD. None of these

How much of the net priamary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores ?A. `1%`B. `10%`C. `40%`D. `90%`

What is stratification in an ecosystem? Explain with an example.

The teacher, pointing to a forest said “ Long back, this place was a pond’’. This gradual change is an example of(1) Secondary succession (2) Xerarch succession (3) Pioneer species (4) Hydrarch succession

Is the common edible mushroom an autotroph or a heterotroph?

Why are oceans least productive?

Ecological succession and species evolution would have been a parallel process. Justify.

Natural interlinked food chains are called ...........

Gradual, sequential changes of a given area including species composition is known as ecological succession. If so name the first two stages of the succession in hydricarea.

Why are oceans least productive?

Give any two examples of xerarch succession.

Given below is a figure of an ecosystem. Answer the following questions.(i) What type of ecosystem is shown in the figure?(ii) Name any plant that is characteristic of such ecosystem.

What is maximum in pond-ecosytemA. Primary consumersB. Secondary consumersC. ProducersD. Decomposers

The pyramid of number is based onA. Unit per areaB. Food per individualC. Individuals in trophic levelD. None of these

The number of trophic levels in an ecosystem are limited. Comment.

Organisms at a higher trophic level have less energy available. Comment.

Define self sustainability.

Define self sustainability