Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Cells of thyroid follicles.

The answer is Estrogen.

Diseases: 

1. Addison’s disease: It is caused due to deficiency of mineralocorticoids. Symptoms: Reduced hunger, vomiting, reduced BMR & body temperature. dehydration & bronzing of the skin. 

2. Conn’s disease: It is caused due to excess secretion of mineralocorticoids. Symptoms: Muscle weakness, high BP, malfunctioning of kidneys etc. 

3. Cushing’s disease: It is caused due to hypersecretion of corticosteroids. It is caused due to hypersecretion of corticosteroids which is due to excess of ACTH. 

Symptoms: 

• Virilism, oedema, hyperglycaemia etc. 
• In virilism, opposite secondary sexual characters appear and it is more common in women. 
• The virilism in a female is also called as hirsutism

The answer is T₃ & T₄ (Thyroxine).

(d) The charge to mass ratio satisfy : (e/m)₁+(e/m)₂=0.

(b) will change its shape to spherical

Explanation: 

When the ice cube melts, it changes its state from solid to liquid. This melted liquid has open surfaces where the surface tension forces come into play. These surface tension forces have a tendency to minimize the surface area. Since the melted ice cube is in a gravity-free hall, it has open surface all around. The minimum surface area is achieved by getting a spherical shape.

mass (m) = 6 kg 

velocity (v) = 2.2 m/s 

momentum = mv = 6 × 2.2 = 13.2 kg .m .s^-1

The momentum of a fast moving ball is 13.2 kg ms^-1.

The electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

The two types of generators are DC and AC generators:

DC Generators - A cycle dynamo and a car dynamo are examples of DC generators. They produce DC.

AC Generators - AC Generators or alternators are used in power stations and industries to produce AC.

Function of brushes is to transfer the current from coil to load

Solution : Carbon.

The two conducting stationary brushes draw current from the battery and supply it to the armature of the motor as they touch the outer sides of the two halves of the split rings, The inner sides of split rings are Insulated and attached to the axle of the motor.

Energy is defined as the capacity to do a work.

1. Rotational analogue of the force is called as moment of force or torque.

2. It depends on the mass of the object, the point of application of the force and the angle between direction of force and the line joining the axis of rotation with the point of application.

3. In its mathematical form, torque or moment of a force is given by \(\overrightarrow{\tau}=\overrightarrow{r}\times\overrightarrow{F}\)

where \(\overrightarrow{F}\) is the applied force and \(\overrightarrow{r}\) is the position vector of the point of application of the force from the axis of rotation.

Magnitude of torque, τ = r F sin θ where θ is the smaller angle between the directions of \(\overrightarrow{r}\) and \(\overrightarrow{F}\).

Special cases:

1. If θ = 90°, τ = τmax = rF. Thus, the force should be applied along normal direction for easy rotation.

2. If θ = 0° or 180°, τ = τmin = 0.

Thus, if the force is applied parallel or antiparallel to \(\overrightarrow{r}\), there is no rotation.

3. Moment of a force depends not only on the magnitude and direction of the force, but also on the point where the force acts with respect to the axis of rotation. Same force can have different torque as per its point of application.

When the train left London the author thought that he was all alone in the compartment. So, he was at liberty to do anything he liked.

Reference : These lines have been taken from the lesson ‘A Fellowtraveller’ written by a famous English essayist A.G. Gardiner.

[N.B. : The above reference will be used for all explanations of this lesson.] 

Context : This delightful essay is about an encounter between a mosquito and the author who were travelling in the same compartment of a train. 

Explanation : The writer was travelling by a passenger train and was left alone in the carriage as all other passengers had alighted from it on the way side stations. It was the last suburban train from London to a Midland town. When the train left the outer ring of London behind, the writer was the only passenger in the compartment and only then he realized that he was alone.

A. G. Gardiner’s fellow-traveller was a mosquito. The author became aware of his fellow-traveller when he was reading the newspaper and mosquito sat on his nose.

The train was running very slow. It stopped at all stations. So, the writer thought that his journey would never end and he called the train as such.

If I was travelling alone in a compartment, I could talk myself, sing or dance, open or shut the windows. I could sit in a corner.

While travelling alone in the compartment, the author put down his paper, stretched his arms and legs, stood up and looked out of the window, lit a cigar, sat down and began to read the paper again.

Reference : These lines have been taken from the lesson ‘A Fellowtraveller’ written by a famous English essayist A.G. Gardiner. 

[N.B. : The above reference will be used for all explanations of this lesson.]

Context : This delightful essay is about an encounter between a mosquito and the author who were travelling in the same compartment of a train. 

Explanation : The writer was travelling by a passenger train and was left alone in the carriage as all other passengers had alighted from it on the way side stations. It was the last suburban train from London to a Midland town. When the train left the outer ring of London behind, the writer was the only passenger in the compartment and only then he realized that he was alone.

D. O. R. A. stands for the Defence of the Realm Act which provided the British Government wide power during the Great war.

The writer was travelling by a suburban train which ran from London to a Midland Town. It was a stopping train.

Context : The writer was travelling in a train. When all the passengers had gone, a mosquito began to disturb the writer again and again. He began to move in the whole compartment and thought the writer to be most interesting from him to play with. 

Explanation : In this passage the writer describes the imprudence of the mosquito. After taking the round of the whole compartment, the mosquito came and sat upon the neck of the writer. The writer struck him with a light sharp blow. But the mosquito again flew away, took a round of the compartment and seated himself rudely on the back of the writer’s hand. But the writer could not bear it anymore and told the mosquito that genersity has its limit and reminded him that he had already warned him twice.

Context : A great battle was going on between the writer and the mosquito. The writer used all tactics to kill the mosquito but the mosquito dodged every attack. Thus the writer failed every time. 

Explanation : Now the writer had come to know the reality of the sport between him and mosquito. According to the writer the mosquito was busy in his own entertainment. Therefore he had disturbed him. He wanted to play a game fluttering round the man who seemed to him so big and so stupid. The writer also realized that the mosquito had the equal right on the compartment. Thus the writer accepted his defeat and changed his views.

(a) The author supposes himself a judge sentencing the mosquito to death because there are many capital charges against it. He also says that his decision is legal and justified. 

(b) The author wanted to kill the mosquito. But his all efforts failed and the mosquito went on enjoying this fight. In this fight the writer himself behaved like an angry bull and the mosquito like a skilful matador. 

(c) In the end the author realised that life is the greatest miracle of nature. The life of all creatures in this world is like a journey. But none knows its purpose. This truth applies to both of them, i.e. the author and the mosquito.

If I was travelling alone in a compartment, I could talk myself, sing or dance, open or shut the windows. I could sit in a corner.

Context : The writer was travelling by a train and was left alone in the carriage as all other passengers had alighted from it. 

Explanation : The writer says that travelling in a carriage, all alone, which is moving along jerkily at night making much noise is a unique experience. It gives you pleasure of personal liberty. This liberty is altogether unchecked and is in fact very pleasing. You are free to do whatever you like.

According to the author, travelling alone in a compartment, a person could talk easily to himself, sing or dance, play marbles, open or shut windows, walk or lie down at full length on the cushion for rest.

(b) suburban

According to A.G. Gardiner, the pleasant sense of freedom about being alone in a compartment is that the passenger is free to do what he likes.

Context : In the end the mosquito sat on the newspaper and it was in the hands of the writer. But he did not kill it because he had reprieved it. He thought that by chance they became the fellow-travellers. Both entertained each other. They were now friends because they were fellow mortals. 

Explanation : In these lines the writer says that life is the greatest miracle of nature. Nobody knows exactly about his life. The beginning and end of our life both are a mystery. All the creatures on this earth are fellow-travellers. None is superior or inferior. We take birth but don’t know from where we have come. We struggle hard for our life in this world for a short period. Then, we go away from this world but do not know where we have to go. This is the journey of our life. 

[N. B. : Thus, the writer has taught us a lesson of fraternity among all creatures because the mystery and miracle of life are common to all.]

Context : A great battle was going on between the writer and the mosquito. The mosquito constantly disturbed the writer. Becoming a judge, the writer sentenced the mosquito to death. He charged the mosquito in many ways. 

Explanation : The writer thought that his decision was quite right. He wanted to kill it. He struck a fatal blow with his right hand and with his paper he jumped on the seat and followed him. He used all tactics but the mosquito dodged every attack. But every time he failed.

The author said it because he was angry with his fellow-traveller, i.e. mosquito who was continuously disturbing him.

Context : The writer was travelling in a train. When all the passengers had gone, a mosquito began to disturb him again and again. The writer tried his best to stop him but he did not obey him and continued disturbing him. He warned him to kill him and framed many serious charges against him but all in vain. 

Explanation : In this passage the writer accepts his defeat. He wanted to kill him but his all efforts failed and the mosquito went on enjoying this fight. He played with the writer openly and courageously. It was a show of a fight between a metador and an angry bull. In this fight the writer himself behaved like an angry bull and the mosquito like a skilful metador. It was clear to the writer that the mosquito was enjoying himself by moving round the man who seemed to him so helpless and stupid. Now the writer changed his feelings against the mosquito and began to enter into his spirit.

Every effort of the author to punish the mosquito proved useless. At first, there was vanity in him of being a human. But since he could not do anything against him, his superiority began to fade away from him.

Yes, I like this essay because it teaches us a great moral ‘Live and let live’. Moreover, it is written in a simple language. It is delightful and instructive. It condemns superiority complex.

The author developed a distant relationship with his fellow-traveller. He said that they were fellow-mortals. A mosquito was the fellowtraveller.

A mosquito was the fellow-traveller of the author. He sat on the back of his hand.

The author felt humiliated because the mosquito avoided his blow cunningly. Then, he adopted all sorts of tactics to kill him.

Context : The writer was travelling in a train. His fellow-traveller was a mosquito who disturbed him very much. First, author explained him in every way but he did not obey and accept his suggestions. Then, the author was ready to kill him. 

Explanation : In these lines the writer says that seeing the dangerous activities of mosquito he warned him for punishment. He told him that he was authorised to condemn him to death. He charged his fellowtraveller that he has no ticket of railway, no license of meat. He was a vegabond and a public nuisance. For these and many other misdemeanours he should be sentenced to death. The writer further says that he struck the mosquito off his nose with a sharp light blow with his right hand. But he flew away to save himself and the writer felt himself ashamed very much.

Ever since the invisible man had come to stay in the “Coach and horses” he gave the impression of being a man of dubious character..His activities at port stowed make him all the more villainous in the eyes of the reader. The pitiable condition to which he had driven the manner in which he spats Marvel marvel upsets the reader. His pushing, pulling and dragging marvel against his wish is indeed disgusting. Exploiting a simple tramp and forcing him to be an accomplice in misdeeds make the invisible man a villain in the eyes of the reader. The manner in which he spats Marvel while he was talking to the old mariner is humbiliating.The invisible man is guided in his actions by his overheating nature and false ego. The stealing of people’s money by employing invisibility to his advantage lowers him further in the eyes of the reader. His heartless, selfishness, ruthlessness and greed make him appear to be such a vicious villain who can go to to any extent to fulfil his unending desires.

Besides the Invisible Man’s misdeeds at Iping, the mariner heard another extra-ordinary story about a fistful of flying money. He came to know that a fellow mariner had seen an unbelievable sight at the corner of St. Michael’s Lane. He had seen a handful of money floating in the air along the wall all by itself. It was neither carried by a hand or did any bag hold it. The fellow mariner had tried to grab this floating money but was instantly knocked headlong. The butterfly money disappeared by the time he got up. The old mariner declared that although he was in a mood to believe anything still he found this story too hard to believe. Afterwards he sat on the bench thinking about the whole thing indecisive about believing or disbelieving it.

Marvel shrieked and screamed for help through incoherent sentences which could not be understood by the people in the inn. They could see clearly that the man was terribly scared of something but could not make out that he was being chased by the Invisible Man. However, when the inn window was smashed and there was an incessant pounding at the door, it dawned upon them that it was the Invisible Man who had been chasing Marvel. However, none of them got intimidated by this strange being. Instead they boldly decided to face the terror with grit and firmness. In fact, the bearded American was very eager to see the Invisible Man. He pulled out his revolver to brace himself against the invader. Meanwhile no one opened the door. The policemen, in the absence of his truncheon, moved slowly towards the door. But he gave a second thought before opening it because he knew that once the Invisible Man entered the inn, nothing could to stop him. He coolly advised the bearded man not to use his revolver as the gun-shot could prove to be fatal. The bearded man in turn assured that he would aim at only the legs. Despite all these precautions the invisible man managed to get into the inn through the yard and all the men inside tried their utmost to overpower him.

Living in peace and harmony means that we should not fight with others and should co-operate with others in every matter so that there is peace and harmony everywhere.

The poet wants strength in order to serve God, in every situation.

Living in peace and harmony means that we should not fight with others and should co-operate with others in every matter so that there is peace and harmony everywhere.