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Here, m = 2 kg; u = 0, μ = 0.1, applied force, F = 7 N

Force of friction,

f = μ mg = 0.1 x 2 x 9.8 = 1.96 N

Net force under which body moves,

F1 = F - f = 7 - 1.96 = 5.04 N

Hence, acceleration produced,

a = F/m = 5.04/2 = 2.52 ms^-2

Now, s = ut + 1/2 at² = 0 x 10 + 1/2 x 2.52 x 10² = 126 m

(a) Work done by applied force in 10 s = 7 x 126 = 882 J

(b) Work done by friction in 10 s = 1.96 x 126 = 246.96 J

(c) Work done by net force in 10 s = 5.04 x 126 = 635.04 J

(d) Since the initial kinetic energy of the body (at rest) was zero and the final K.E. acquired by the body in 10 s under the net force is 635.04 J, the change in K.E. in 10 s is 635.04 J

Work done by the applied force in 10 s is more than the work done by the net force. It means work has been done to overcome the friction equal to the work done by the friction the 10 seconds.

Mass of boy = 40 kg Vertical height moved, h = 8m Time taken, t = 5s. (i) Force of gravity on the boy F = mg = 40 × 10 = 400N 

(ii) While climbing, the boy has to do work against the force of gravity. Work done by the boy in climbing= Force × distance moved in the direction of force Or, W = F x S= 400 x 8= 3200 J

Power spent = work done/time taken = 3200/5 = 640 W

Watt (W) is the unit of power, while watt hour (Wh) is the unit of work, since power × time = work.

a. Energy is measured in kWh

b. Power is measure in kW

c. Energy is measured in Wh

d. Energy is meaused in eV

Concept insight: Energy has bigger units like kWh (kilowatt hour) and Wh (watt hour). Similarly bigger unit of power is kW (kilo watt). 

The energy of atomic particles is very small, and hence, it is measured in eV (electron volt).

S.I unit of power is watt (W).

If 1 joule of work is done in 1 second, the power spent is said to be 1 watt.

Calorie measures heat energy.

1calorie = 4.18 J

Horse power is another unit of power, largely used in mechanical engineering. It is related to the S.I unit watt as : 1 H.P = 746 W

Mangal Pandey was born to a Brahmin couple in Nagwa village, Uttar Pradesh. He joined the British army and got a salary of Rs. 7/- per month. Indian soldiers who had agreed to join the revolt wanted to wait until 31^st May, but 26-year-old Mangal Pandey could not. He refused to use the Enfield Rifle. Sargeant-Major Hewson ordered for his arrest, but Mangal Pandey shot him and defeated another British officer also. Indian soldiers refused to arrest Mangal. When he was cornered, Mangal shot himself with his own rifle.

A bleeding Mangal Pandey was taken to hospital to get information about the revolt from him. The British pretended to run a case against Mangal on 6^th April, 1857. The entire procedure was purposely in English. Though he was sentenced to death, he did not divulge any information to the British. He was hanged at 5:30 a.m. on 8th April, 1857. Thus, Mangal Pandey became the First Martyr of the 1857 revolt.

Kidney shaped and dumbbell shaped guard cells are seen.

Due to temperature fluctuations during day and night gas bubbles may be formed which affects transpiration pull.

Plants showing excessive transpiration have negative root pressure.

Placing a plasmolysed cell in hypotonic solution will bring about deplasmolysis.

Correct option is: (d) Angiosperms

It is proposed by Water Sutton and Theodore Boveri in 1902. They found the behavior of chromosomes was parallal to the behavior of factor (genes) and used chromosome movement to explain Mendel‘s law. 

Gene and chromosomes shows similar behavior as followings- 

• Occur in pairs. 
• Segregate at the time of gamete formation such that only one of each pair is transmitted to a gamete. 
• Independent pairs segregate independently of each other.

Before transfusion of blood, it is most essential to determine the blood group of the  donor and the recipient. The blood group of the donor and the recipient must match with  each other, otherwise the RBC’s will stick to each other and thus the life of a recipient  may be in danger as the blood groups are different. The sticking is due to the antigens  (proteins) found in the blood of the donor and the antibodies found in the blood of the  recipient.

Bryophyta and Pteridophyta:

The blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver is Hepatic artery.

(a) The trait is recessive
(b) The trait is autosomal
(c) Parent Aa and Aa

3rd child is II generation – aa 4th child is II generation – A

The food, which are rich on dietary fiber, are fruits, vegetables and greens, cabbage, peas, carrot turnips, and edible skins like apple guava, pear cereals and pulses are some of the food items which have high dietary fiber.

It is the interaction between two different genes (non-allelic genes) where one gene masks the effect of another gene.

• Parent: Tt Dwarr
• progenies : tt

The human body can last weeks without food but not without water. Water is essential for the human body If you do not drink enough water regularly there is some increased risk of kidney stones dehydration urinary tract infection in women. If urination stops due to dehydration the body cannot remove toxic waste products. It extreme cases this may result in death.

We must take carbohydrates moderate quantity because, excess of glucose can add to our weight.

Person with intense activity need more carbohydrates to release energy. Glucose is the simplest form of carbohydrate which is easily absorb able.

Take a small quantity of the given food stuff in a dish. Add 2-3 drops of iodine solution. Note the color change if any, the appearance if a blue – black color indicates the presence of starch.

Take about 5 ml of the solution in a test tube add 5-6 drops of biruet solution, wait for a while, do not heat. A color change from blue to pink indicates the presence of proteins matter in the solution.

ORS is prepared by adding 2 spoons of sugar 4 spoon of common salt and ‘A spoon of sodium bicarbonate in one liter of boiled and cooled water.

ORS is the short form of oral hydration solution. Which is given to the patients suffering form cholera, acute diarrhea etc.

Roughage foods are foods, which have high fiber content. 

It comes in different forms, functions of roughage’s:

1. Dietary fiber is important because it provides volumes to the food, and this facilitates easy movement of materials in the alimentary canal 

2. Roughage’s have the ability to absorb water 

3. They combine with intentional wastes making them bulky.

Minerals are the inorganic substance required in small quantities for growth and normal functioning of the body. 

eg : calcium (ca), Iron (Fe), Zinc (zn) and Iodine ( I )

1. Vitamins A : promotes skeletal growth normal tooth structure, healthy skin, eye and night vision. 

2. Vitamins B : promotes digestion, strengthen heart muscle and growth. 

3. Vitamins C : Stops internal bleeding, strengthens blood vessels maintains hard bones and teeth 

4. Vitamins D : Promotes bone and tooth development and normal growth and helps utilization of phosphorus and calcium. 

5. Vitamins E : It regulates protein and calcium metabolism 

6. Vitamins K : Helps in clotting of blood, assists in the synthesis of proteins.

Importance of water are:

1. Water constitutes about 55-75 percent of our body mass. 

2. It helps to maintain the health of every cell in the body 

3. It keeps the blood thin enough to flow thorough blood vessels. 

4. It helps to eliminate the wastes and excess materials 

5. Water regulates body temperature through sweating. 

6. Water helps digestion an prevents constipation. 

7. It helps to carry nutrients and oxygen to the cells.

1. calcium : Calcium help to build bones and teeth It help to proper functioning of muscles heart and nerves, relieves pain and cramps It help in clotting of blood. 

2. Iron : It is a constituent of hemoglobin, which plays an important role in oxygen transport. 

3. Zinc : Zinc in our diet will help to reduce cholesterol deposits and making of enzymes and insulin. 

4. potassium : It helps to regulate fluid balance in our body. 

5. Iodine : It help in the functioning of thyroid gland. It prevents goiter and also to burn fat.

i. The three types of RNA are: 

a. Messenger RNA (mRNA) 

b. Transfer RNA (tRNA) 

c. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA). 

ii. tRNA. 

iii. The genetic information in DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA). It stores the genetic information from DNA and decides the sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide. 

Transfer RNA (tRNA) acts as an adaptor molecule that at one end reads the code on mRNA and accordingly bind to amino acid on the other end. It recognises the codon on mRNA by its anticodon and leaves amino acid at the site of protein synthesis. 

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) constitutes the ribosomal structure and helps to form peptide bond.

We need certain substances like beta -carotene and folio which get converted into vitamins in our body These are called as pro-vitamins.

Vitamins are a group of organic compounds which are vital for normal growth, development and maintenance of the body which are required in very small quantities. 

The vitamins are mainly two types:

1. Water soluble vitamin 

eg : Vitamin B and C 

2. Fat soluble vitamin 

eg : Vitamin A,D,K and E

Proteins are one of the macro nutrient which are typically constructed from a set drawn from 20 simple compounds called amino acids.

Nutritional disorders : 

1. Insufficient supply of glucose may lead to tiredness, weakness and lack, of concentration. 

2. Excess of glucose can lead to obesity.

Amine acid is the simplest molecule by which protein is formed amino acid molecule consists of atoms of carbon (c), hydrogen (H), a carbonyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH₂).

Lipids play a very important role in our body:

1. They help in brain function, smooth movements of joints, clotting of blood and energy production. 

2. Some lipids help to bring down inflammation with in the body and lubricate the joints. 

3. Fats help the body to absorb and to move the vitamin A D E and k. 

4. cell membranes which contain lipids lubricates the cells and this lubrication serves as a protective barrier which controls the movement of materials. 

5. Lipid store more energy and hence help in energy production. 

6. Lipids act as messengers with in our body.

Lipids are macro molecules which are generally stored in the body lipids include fats, oils, waxes and steroids. Lipids serves as fat reserves.

Genotype of parent is Tt and the genotype of dwarf progenies is tt.

When there is a lack of nutrition say for example lack of calcium, magnesium and zinc there are tendencies of being hyper kinetic where, a person is unable to sit for more than few minutes and bones will become weak. Lack of proper nutrition affects our activities, studies and personality. This can be prevented by having a balanced diet.

1. Food promotes growth, Supplies energy, Furnishes material for repair of body parts, 

2. Food is also necessary for all metabolic processes and to maintain body temperature constant.

Young children in poor families suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to lack of proper food. Children raised in a poor family are deprived of a balanced diet or even a meal once a day. Young children in rich families suffer from nutritional deficiency because of having fast food which does not have nutritional value.

We can suggest then to have food containing, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, iron, calcium rich food and those who can’t afford it can help those people through social organizations.

We do not all essential elements from just one type of food. Hence we should have variety in our diet to get all of the things we need for our body.

The languages of Bhil tribe are Bhili and Wagdi.